South Sudan People's Defence Forces (English Wikipedia)

"Africa :: South Sudan". Central Intelligence Agency. The World Factbook. 17 June 2020. Archived from the original on 12 January 2021. Retrieved 20 June 2020.

cityscrollz.com

Teresa (21 June 2019). "Brief Biography and Facts About Major(Cdr). Late William Nyuon Bany Machar". City Scrollz. Archived from the original on 19 June 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2020.

eyeradio.org

"SPLA renamed South Sudan Defense Force in a major army shake up". Eye Radio Network. 16 May 2017. Archived from the original on 17 June 2018. Retrieved 17 June 2018.
"SPLA deploys soldiers along Juba-Bor road". 15 July 2017. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 3 October 2019.

gurtong.net

Buay, Gordon (24 January 2011). "Who Is CDR. William Nyuon Bany Machar?". Gurtong Trust. Archived from the original on 20 June 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2020.

idunn.no

Norsk Bistandshistorie (Norwegian aid history), Randi Rønning Balsvik, 2016. p. 115 https://www.idunn.no/ht/2017/02/randi_roenning_balsvik_norsk_bistandshistorie Archived 2018-04-19 at the Wayback Machine

nyamile.com

Machier, Tor (1 June 2018). "Buay Rolnyang to appear in military court 'very soon'". Nyamilepedia. Archived from the original on 15 June 2021. Retrieved 20 March 2022.

odi.org

"p.3" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 3 May 2019.

officeholidays.com

Shaw, Toby (1 January 2020). "SPLA Day in South Sudan in 2021". Office Holidays. Archived from the original on 20 June 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2020.

radiotamazuj.org

"New South Sudan army chief sworn in". Radio Tamazuj. Archived from the original on 18 June 2018. Retrieved 17 June 2018.
"Kiir sacks army chief Gabriel Jok". Radio Tamazuj. Archived from the original on 20 May 2020. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
"South Sudan army defection in Wunyiik | Radio Tamazuj". Archived from the original on 24 June 2016. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
"Missing money at SPLA Div 4; widows unpaid | Radio Tamazuj". Archived from the original on 24 June 2016. Retrieved 4 June 2016.

reuters.com

"South Sudan's president appoints new army chief". Reuters. 11 April 2021. Archived from the original on 12 April 2021. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
Dumo, Denis. "Wartorn South Sudan's army chief dies". U.S. Archived from the original on 17 June 2018. Retrieved 17 June 2018.

securitycouncilreport.org

"S/2016/656" (PDF). p. 22. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 February 2020. Retrieved 6 May 2019.

smallarmssurveysudan.org

Rands 2010. Rands, Richard (2010). In Need of Review: SPLA Transformation in 2006–10 and Beyond (PDF). Small Arms Survey HSBA.
Rands 2010, p. 9. Rands, Richard (2010). In Need of Review: SPLA Transformation in 2006–10 and Beyond (PDF). Small Arms Survey HSBA.
Rands 2010, p. 10. Rands, Richard (2010). In Need of Review: SPLA Transformation in 2006–10 and Beyond (PDF). Small Arms Survey HSBA.
Rands 2010, p. 11. Rands, Richard (2010). In Need of Review: SPLA Transformation in 2006–10 and Beyond (PDF). Small Arms Survey HSBA.
"The Conflict in Upper Nile State". Small Arms Survey. 8 March 2016. Archived from the original on 24 February 2018. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
Small Arms Survey. "The Conflict in Upper Nile State" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 March 2019. Retrieved 3 May 2019.
"SSDM/A-Upper Nile". www.smallarmssurveysudan.org. Archived from the original on 1 April 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
Rands 2010, p. 15. Rands, Richard (2010). In Need of Review: SPLA Transformation in 2006–10 and Beyond (PDF). Small Arms Survey HSBA.
"The Conflict in Bahr el Ghazal". www.smallarmssurveysudan.org. Archived from the original on 29 August 2017. Retrieved 1 April 2018.

sudantribune.com

"SPLA to demobilize all child soldiers by end of the year - Sudan Tribune: Plural news and views on Sudan". Sudan Tribune. Archived from the original on 15 February 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
Paterno, Steve (24 August 2012). "Plural news and views on Sudan". Sudan Tribune. Archived from the original on 21 July 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
"Kiir appoints new army Chief of Staff, relieves deputies". Sudan Tribune. 1 June 2009. Archived from the original on 7 January 2014. Retrieved 7 January 2014.
"Tiger faction of ethnic Shilluk kingdom dismisses integration into SPLM-IO". Sudan Tribune. 11 March 2016. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
"South Sudan president says changed SPLA name to represent will of people". Sudan Tribune. Juba. 4 August 2017. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 9 October 2017.
"SPLA officially renamed 'South Sudan People's Defence Forces' - Sudan Tribune: Plural news and views on Sudan". www.sudantribune.com. 3 October 2019. Archived from the original on 29 October 2019. Retrieved 17 June 2020.
"Unity state's 4th division commander defects, assumes governorship - Sudan Tribune: Plural news and views on Sudan". sudantribune.com. Archived from the original on 20 March 2014. Retrieved 3 October 2019.
"SPLA launches military operations against SPLA-IO forces in Bahr-el-Ghazal region - Sudan Tribune: Plural news and views on Sudan". www.sudantribune.com. 23 September 2016. Archived from the original on 1 April 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.

taarifa.rw

"SPLA Becomes South Sudan People's Defence Forces (SSPDF)". Taarifa Rwanda (in Latin). 3 October 2018. Archived from the original on 20 June 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2020.

theinvestigatornews.com

Isabirye, Joel (8 August 2017). "From SPLA to SSPDF: The Detailed Account of why South Sudan is changing the name of its Heroic National Army". The Investigator. Archived from the original on 18 June 2018. Retrieved 9 October 2017.

thenationmirror.com

Desk, News. "SPLA Starts redeploying forces out of Juba". thenationmirror.com. Archived from the original on 1 April 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018. {{cite web}}: |first= has generic name (help)

web.archive.org

"SPLA renamed South Sudan Defense Force in a major army shake up". Eye Radio Network. 16 May 2017. Archived from the original on 17 June 2018. Retrieved 17 June 2018.
"South Sudan's president appoints new army chief". Reuters. 11 April 2021. Archived from the original on 12 April 2021. Retrieved 12 April 2021.
Teresa (21 June 2019). "Brief Biography and Facts About Major(Cdr). Late William Nyuon Bany Machar". City Scrollz. Archived from the original on 19 June 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
Buay, Gordon (24 January 2011). "Who Is CDR. William Nyuon Bany Machar?". Gurtong Trust. Archived from the original on 20 June 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
Shaw, Toby (1 January 2020). "SPLA Day in South Sudan in 2021". Office Holidays. Archived from the original on 20 June 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
Rone 1994, p. xiv. Rone, Jemera (1994). Civilian Devastation: Abuses by All Parties in the War in Southern Sudan. New York: Human Rights Watch. ISBN 9781564321299. Archived from the original on 11 January 2014.
Rone 1994, p. 90. Rone, Jemera (1994). Civilian Devastation: Abuses by All Parties in the War in Southern Sudan. New York: Human Rights Watch. ISBN 9781564321299. Archived from the original on 11 January 2014.
Africa Watch Committee. Denying the Honor of Living: Sudan, a Human Rights Disaster : an Africa Watch Report Archived 2017-07-02 at the Wayback Machine. New York, N.Y.: Africa Watch Committee, 1990. pp. 18-19
Africa Watch Committee. Denying the Honor of Living: Sudan, a Human Rights Disaster : an Africa Watch Report Archived 2017-08-12 at the Wayback Machine. New York, N.Y.: Africa Watch Committee, 1990. p. 23
Africa Watch Committee. Denying the Honor of Living: Sudan, a Human Rights Disaster : an Africa Watch Report Archived 2017-07-02 at the Wayback Machine. New York, N.Y.: Africa Watch Committee, 1990. p. 65
Africa Watch Committee. Denying the Honor of Living: Sudan, a Human Rights Disaster : an Africa Watch Report Archived 2017-08-12 at the Wayback Machine. New York, N.Y.: Africa Watch Committee, 1990. pp. 153-155
Rone 1994, p. 1. Rone, Jemera (1994). Civilian Devastation: Abuses by All Parties in the War in Southern Sudan. New York: Human Rights Watch. ISBN 9781564321299. Archived from the original on 11 January 2014.
Rone 1994, p. 27. Rone, Jemera (1994). Civilian Devastation: Abuses by All Parties in the War in Southern Sudan. New York: Human Rights Watch. ISBN 9781564321299. Archived from the original on 11 January 2014.
Rone 1994, p. 21. Rone, Jemera (1994). Civilian Devastation: Abuses by All Parties in the War in Southern Sudan. New York: Human Rights Watch. ISBN 9781564321299. Archived from the original on 11 January 2014.
Rone 1994, pp. 21, 23, 101. Rone, Jemera (1994). Civilian Devastation: Abuses by All Parties in the War in Southern Sudan. New York: Human Rights Watch. ISBN 9781564321299. Archived from the original on 11 January 2014.
Norsk Bistandshistorie (Norwegian aid history), Randi Rønning Balsvik, 2016. p. 115 https://www.idunn.no/ht/2017/02/randi_roenning_balsvik_norsk_bistandshistorie Archived 2018-04-19 at the Wayback Machine
Africa Watch Committee. Denying the Honor of Living: Sudan, a Human Rights Disaster : an Africa Watch Report Archived 2017-08-11 at the Wayback Machine. New York, N.Y.: Africa Watch Committee, 1990. p. 22
Africa Watch Committee. Denying the Honor of Living: Sudan, a Human Rights Disaster: an Africa Watch Report Archived 2017-07-02 at the Wayback Machine. New York, N.Y.: Africa Watch Committee, 1990. p. 53
Africa Watch Committee. Denying the Honor of Living: Sudan, a Human Rights Disaster : an Africa Watch Report Archived 2017-08-12 at the Wayback Machine. New York, N.Y.: Africa Watch Committee, 1990. p. 25
Rone 1994, p. 25. Rone, Jemera (1994). Civilian Devastation: Abuses by All Parties in the War in Southern Sudan. New York: Human Rights Watch. ISBN 9781564321299. Archived from the original on 11 January 2014.
Rone 1994, p. 91. Rone, Jemera (1994). Civilian Devastation: Abuses by All Parties in the War in Southern Sudan. New York: Human Rights Watch. ISBN 9781564321299. Archived from the original on 11 January 2014.
Rone 1994, p. 3. Rone, Jemera (1994). Civilian Devastation: Abuses by All Parties in the War in Southern Sudan. New York: Human Rights Watch. ISBN 9781564321299. Archived from the original on 11 January 2014.
Rone 1994, p. 35. Rone, Jemera (1994). Civilian Devastation: Abuses by All Parties in the War in Southern Sudan. New York: Human Rights Watch. ISBN 9781564321299. Archived from the original on 11 January 2014.
Rone 1994, pp. 56–58. Rone, Jemera (1994). Civilian Devastation: Abuses by All Parties in the War in Southern Sudan. New York: Human Rights Watch. ISBN 9781564321299. Archived from the original on 11 January 2014.
Rone 1994, p. 99. Rone, Jemera (1994). Civilian Devastation: Abuses by All Parties in the War in Southern Sudan. New York: Human Rights Watch. ISBN 9781564321299. Archived from the original on 11 January 2014.
Rone 1994, p. 12. Rone, Jemera (1994). Civilian Devastation: Abuses by All Parties in the War in Southern Sudan. New York: Human Rights Watch. ISBN 9781564321299. Archived from the original on 11 January 2014.
"SPLA to demobilize all child soldiers by end of the year - Sudan Tribune: Plural news and views on Sudan". Sudan Tribune. Archived from the original on 15 February 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
Paterno, Steve (24 August 2012). "Plural news and views on Sudan". Sudan Tribune. Archived from the original on 21 July 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
"Kiir appoints new army Chief of Staff, relieves deputies". Sudan Tribune. 1 June 2009. Archived from the original on 7 January 2014. Retrieved 7 January 2014.
"p.3" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 3 May 2019.
"Heavy gunfire rocks South Sudan capital". Al Jazeera. 16 December 2013. Archived from the original on 17 December 2013. Retrieved 17 December 2013.
"Tiger faction of ethnic Shilluk kingdom dismisses integration into SPLM-IO". Sudan Tribune. 11 March 2016. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
"The Conflict in Upper Nile State". Small Arms Survey. 8 March 2016. Archived from the original on 24 February 2018. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
Machol, Deng (16 May 2017). "South Sudan president restructures army, changes its name to SSDF". Africanews. Archived from the original on 30 December 2019. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
Isabirye, Joel (8 August 2017). "From SPLA to SSPDF: The Detailed Account of why South Sudan is changing the name of its Heroic National Army". The Investigator. Archived from the original on 18 June 2018. Retrieved 9 October 2017.
"South Sudan president says changed SPLA name to represent will of people". Sudan Tribune. Juba. 4 August 2017. Archived from the original on 10 October 2017. Retrieved 9 October 2017.
"SPLA officially renamed 'South Sudan People's Defence Forces' - Sudan Tribune: Plural news and views on Sudan". www.sudantribune.com. 3 October 2019. Archived from the original on 29 October 2019. Retrieved 17 June 2020.
"SPLA Becomes South Sudan People's Defence Forces (SSPDF)". Taarifa Rwanda (in Latin). 3 October 2018. Archived from the original on 20 June 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
"Africa :: South Sudan". Central Intelligence Agency. The World Factbook. 17 June 2020. Archived from the original on 12 January 2021. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
Mayom, Manyang (18 October 2019). "South Sudan People's Defense Force (SSPDF) lauds UNMISS for training in international human rights and humanitarian law". Africanews. Archived from the original on 19 June 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
Dumo, Denis. "Wartorn South Sudan's army chief dies". U.S. Archived from the original on 17 June 2018. Retrieved 17 June 2018.
"New South Sudan army chief sworn in". Radio Tamazuj. Archived from the original on 18 June 2018. Retrieved 17 June 2018.
"Kiir sacks army chief Gabriel Jok". Radio Tamazuj. Archived from the original on 20 May 2020. Retrieved 11 May 2020.
"South Sudan leader sacks army chief". Xinhua (in Latin). 21 March 2017. Archived from the original on 20 June 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
Kuyok, Kuyok Abol (2015). South Sudan: The Notable Firsts. AuthorHouse. ISBN 9781504943468. Archived from the original on 2 March 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2020.
Small Arms Survey. "The Conflict in Upper Nile State" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 March 2019. Retrieved 3 May 2019.
"AllAfrica.com: Sudan: SRSG Pledges Unmiss Support During Visit to Eastern Equatoria State". Archived from the original on 19 April 2012. Retrieved 6 May 2019.
"South Sudan army defection in Wunyiik | Radio Tamazuj". Archived from the original on 24 June 2016. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
"Missing money at SPLA Div 4; widows unpaid | Radio Tamazuj". Archived from the original on 24 June 2016. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
"Unity state's 4th division commander defects, assumes governorship - Sudan Tribune: Plural news and views on Sudan". sudantribune.com. Archived from the original on 20 March 2014. Retrieved 3 October 2019.
"S/2016/656" (PDF). p. 22. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 February 2020. Retrieved 6 May 2019.
"SPLA launches military operations against SPLA-IO forces in Bahr-el-Ghazal region - Sudan Tribune: Plural news and views on Sudan". www.sudantribune.com. 23 September 2016. Archived from the original on 1 April 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
Machier, Tor (1 June 2018). "Buay Rolnyang to appear in military court 'very soon'". Nyamilepedia. Archived from the original on 15 June 2021. Retrieved 20 March 2022.
"SSDM/A-Upper Nile". www.smallarmssurveysudan.org. Archived from the original on 1 April 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
"The Conflict in Bahr el Ghazal". www.smallarmssurveysudan.org. Archived from the original on 29 August 2017. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
"SPLA deploys soldiers along Juba-Bor road". 15 July 2017. Archived from the original on 2 May 2019. Retrieved 3 October 2019.
Desk, News. "SPLA Starts redeploying forces out of Juba". thenationmirror.com. Archived from the original on 1 April 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018. {{cite web}}: |first= has generic name (help)

worldcat.org

IISS 2013, p. 532. International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) (2013). "The Military Balance 2013". The Military Balance: Annual Estimates of the Nature and Size of the Military Forces of the Principal Powers. London: IISS. ISSN 0459-7222.
IISS 2018, p. 487. International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) (2018). "The Military Balance 2018". The Military Balance: Annual Estimates of the Nature and Size of the Military Forces of the Principal Powers. London: IISS. ISSN 0459-7222.

xinhuanet.com

"South Sudan leader sacks army chief". Xinhua (in Latin). 21 March 2017. Archived from the original on 20 June 2020. Retrieved 20 June 2020.