Spaceplane (English Wikipedia)

"Hyflex". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 19 January 2011. Retrieved 15 May 2011.
"Black Horse". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 22 July 2008.
"Saenger II". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 1 August 2016. Retrieved 26 September 2014.

aviationweek.com

"Two-Stage-to-Orbit 'Blackstar' System Shelved at Groom Lake? Archived 23 October 2006 at the Wayback Machine." Scott, W., Aviation Week & Space Technology. 5 March 2006.

archive.aviationweek.com

De Chiara, Giuseppe (19 November 2012). "From HL-20 to Dream Chaser The Long story of a little spaceplane". NASASpaceflight.com. p. 26. ...Once that the HL-20 program was ceased it seems that such small spaceplane should be quickly forgotten except for a bunch of space enthusiast all over the world. The HL-20 story was no to end since in mid 2004 Jim Benson announced that the HL-20 development would be continued by his SpaceDev as Dream Chaser spacecraft. The SpaceDev was acquired by Sierra Nevada Corporation at the very end of 2008...

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

"Launching the next generation of rockets". BBC News. 1 October 2004.

bbc.com

Piesing, Mark (22 January 2021). "Spaceplanes: The return of the reusable spacecraft?". BBC. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
Coppinger, Rob (11 April 2017). "The reusable spaceplane launched inside a rocket". BBC. Retrieved 19 December 2017.

books.google.com

Harvey, Brian (2007). The Rebirth of the Russian Space Programme: 50 Years After Sputnik, New Frontiers. Springer. p. 8. ISBN 978-0-38-771356-4. Archived from the original on 24 June 2016. Retrieved 9 February 2016.

bristolspaceplanes.com

"Bristol Spaceplanes Company Information". Bristol Spaceplanes. 2014. Archived from the original on 4 July 2014. Retrieved 26 September 2014.

businesswire.com

"Sierra Space Dream Chaser® Spaceplane Successfully Completes First Phase of Pre-Flight Testing". www.businesswire.com. 7 March 2024. Retrieved 15 May 2024.

cira.it

Space RIDER PRIDE Italian Aerospace Research Centre (CIRA) Accessed: 15 November 2018

daviddarling.info

Darling, David (2010). "MUSTARD (Multi-Unit Space Transport and Recovery Device)". Retrieved 29 September 2010.

dawnaerospace.com

"Mk-I vehicle: Rocket power in flight, multiple times per hour". Dawn Aerospace. Retrieved 19 August 2022.

discovermagazine.com

Betz, Eric (4 December 2016). "Real-Life Rogue One: How the Soviets Stole NASA's Shuttle Plans". Discover Magazine.

dlr.de

DLR (28 November 2019). "Launcher Programme Subscription" (PDF). DLR Countdown Newsletter Special Edition: 43.

doi.org

Bayer, Martin (August 1995). "Hermes: Learning from our mistakes". Space Policy. 11 (3): 171–180. Bibcode:1995SpPol..11..171B. doi:10.1016/0265-9646(95)00016-6.
Koichi, Yonemoto; Takahiro, Fujikawa; Toshiki, Morito; Joseph, Wang; Ahsan r, Choudhuri (2018), "Subscale Winged Rocket Development and Application to Future Reusable Space Transportation", Incas Bulletin, 10: 161–172, doi:10.13111/2066-8201.2018.10.1.15

esa.int

Dujarric, C. (March 1999). "Possible Future European Launchers, A Process of Convergence" (PDF). ESA Bulletin (97). European Space Agency: 11–19.
"FAST20XX (Future High-Altitude High-Speed Transport 20XX) / Space Engineering & Technology / Our Activities / ESA". Esa.int. 2 October 2012.
"Space Rider". esa.int. ESA. Retrieved 19 December 2017.
"Space Rider: Europe's reusable space transport system". ESA. 5 June 2019. Retrieved 9 April 2022.
"ESA signs contracts for reusable Space Rider up to maiden flight". ESA. 9 December 2020. Retrieved 9 April 2022.

eucass.eu

Aeroshape Trade-Off and Aerodynamic Analysis of the Space RIDER Vehicle M. Marini, M. Di Clemente, G. Guidotti, G. Rufolo, O. Lambert, N. Joiner, D. Charbonnier, M.V. Pricop, M.G. Cojocaru, D. Pepelea, C. Stoica, and A. Denaro, 7th European Conference for Aeronautics and Space Sciences (EUCASS) 2017

faa.gov

"Returning from Space: Re-entry" (PDF). faa.gov.

fas.org

"X-30 National Aerospace Plane (NASP)". Federation of American Scientists. Archived from the original on 21 April 2010. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
"Germany and Piloted Space Missions". Space Policy Project. Federation of American Scientists. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 26 September 2014.

ghostarchive.org

Russian shuttle dream dashed by Soviet crash. YouTube.com. Russia Today. 15 November 2007. Archived from the original on 11 December 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2009.

gujarat.gov.in

scity.gujarat.gov.in

"Indian Scientists unveils space plane Avatar in US". Gujarat Science City. 10 July 2001. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 22 October 2014.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Bayer, Martin (August 1995). "Hermes: Learning from our mistakes". Space Policy. 11 (3): 171–180. Bibcode:1995SpPol..11..171B. doi:10.1016/0265-9646(95)00016-6.

indiatimes.com

timesofindia.indiatimes.com

"Isro reusable launch vehicle's landing experiment successful; RLV closer to orbital re-entry mission". The Times of India. 2 April 2023. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 2 April 2023.

isro.gov.in

"India's Reusable Launch Vehicle-Technology Demonstrator (RLV-TD), Successfully Flight Tested". Indian Space Research Organisation. 23 May 2016. Archived from the original on 14 September 2016. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
"Reusable Launch Vehicle Autonomous Landing Mission (RLV LEX)". www.isro.gov.in. Retrieved 2 April 2023.

jaxa.jp

rocket.jaxa.jp

"HYFLEX". Space Transportation System Research and Development Center, JAXA. Archived from the original on 25 November 2011. Retrieved 15 May 2011.

linkedin.com

"After nearly 40 flights on surrogate jets, we are pretty close to - Stefan Powell on LinkedIn". www.linkedin.com. Retrieved 19 August 2022.

nasa.gov

"The Aeronautics of the Space Shuttle - NASA". 29 December 2003. Retrieved 13 December 2024.
"X-15 Hypersonic Research Program - NASA". Retrieved 29 December 2024.
"The Space Shuttle's First Flight: STS-1".
Smith, Yvette (1 June 2020). "Demo-2: Launching Into History". NASA. Archived from the original on 21 February 2021. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
"Dream Chaser Model Drops in at NASA Dryden" (Press release). Dryden Flight Research Center: NASA. December 17, 2010. Archived from the original on January 6, 2014. Retrieved August 29, 2012.

hq.nasa.gov

Launius, Roger D. (1969). "Space Task Group Report, 1969". NASA. Archived from the original on 14 January 2016. Retrieved 22 March 2020.
Hacker & Grimwood 1977, pp. xvi–xvii. Hacker, Barton C.; Grimwood, James M. (1977). On the Shoulders of Titans: A History of Project Gemini. Washington, D.C.: NASA. OCLC 3821896. NASA SP-4203. Archived from the original on 7 December 2003. Retrieved 21 May 2015.
Hacker & Grimwood 1977, pp. 145–148. Hacker, Barton C.; Grimwood, James M. (1977). On the Shoulders of Titans: A History of Project Gemini. Washington, D.C.: NASA. OCLC 3821896. NASA SP-4203. Archived from the original on 7 December 2003. Retrieved 21 May 2015.
Hacker & Grimwood 1977, pp. 171–173. Hacker, Barton C.; Grimwood, James M. (1977). On the Shoulders of Titans: A History of Project Gemini. Washington, D.C.: NASA. OCLC 3821896. NASA SP-4203. Archived from the original on 7 December 2003. Retrieved 21 May 2015.

history.nasa.gov

Williamson, Ray (1999). "Developing the Space Shuttle" (PDF). Exploring the Unknown: Selected Documents in the History of the U.S. Civil Space Program, Volume IV: Accessing Space. Washington, D.C.: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 May 2020. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
Heppenheimer, T. A. (1999). "CHAPTER 1: SPACE STATIONS AND WINGED ROCKETS". history.nasa.gov. Retrieved 31 December 2023.
Chertok, Boris E. (May 2009). Siddiqi, Asif A. (ed.). Rockets and People, Volume 3: Hot Days of the Cold War (PDF). NASA History Series. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. ISBN 978-0-16-081733-5. SP-2005-4110. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 12 July 2017.

ntrs.nasa.gov

"Aerodynamics and Debris Transport for the Space Shuttle Launch Vehicle" (PDF). ntrs.nasa.gov.
"UNSTEADY AERODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF SPACE SHUTTLE VEHICLES" (PDF). ntrs.nasa.gov. August 1973.

www-pao.ksc.nasa.gov

"Orbiter Thermal Protection System". NASA/Kennedy Space Center. 1989. Archived from the original on 9 September 2006.

nas.nasa.gov

Unmeel Mehta, Michael Aftosmis, Jeffrey Bowles, and Shishir Pandya; Skylon Aerodynamics and SABRE Plumes, NASA, 20th AIAA International Space Planes and Hypersonic Systems and Technologies Conference 6–9 July 2015, 2015,

nasaspaceflight.com

Richards, Bella (26 August 2023). "ESA's Space Rider likely to launch third quarter of 2025, program manager says". NASASpaceFlight. Retrieved 27 August 2023.

nbcnews.com

Windrem, Robert (4 November 1997). "How the Soviets stole a space shuttle". NBC News. Archived from the original on 30 March 2020. Retrieved 10 September 2013.

newatlas.com

ESA's reusable Space RIDER capsule would carry equipment to orbit and back Michael Irving, New Atlas 6 June 2019

newscientist.com

McKee, Maggie (10 May 2004). "Europe's space shuttle passes early test". New Scientist.

nytimes.com

Chang, Kenneth (20 October 2014). "25 Years Ago, NASA Envisioned Its Own 'Orient Express'". The New York Times. Retrieved 21 October 2014.

pbs.org

"NOVA Online | Stationed in the Stars | Inspired by Science Fiction". www.pbs.org. Retrieved 31 December 2023.

reactionengines.co.uk

"HOTOL History". Reaction Engines Limited. 2010. Archived from the original on 8 August 2010. Retrieved 29 September 2010.
"Skylon FAQ". Reaction Engines Limited. 2010. Archived from the original on 28 August 2010. Retrieved 29 September 2010.

researchgate.net

Koichi, Yonemoto; Takahiro, Fujikawa; Toshiki, Morito; Joseph, Wang; Ahsan r, Choudhuri (2018), "Subscale Winged Rocket Development and Application to Future Reusable Space Transportation", Incas Bulletin, 10: 161–172, doi:10.13111/2066-8201.2018.10.1.15

reuters.com

"China's Experimental Reusable Spacecraft Lands Successfully - Xinhua". Reuters. 6 September 2020.

risacher.org

Zubrin, Robert M.; Clapp, Mitchell Burnside (June 1995). "Black Horse: One Stop to Orbit". Analog Science Fiction and Fact. Vol. 115, no. 7.

russia-ic.com

"Russia Develops New Aircraft – Cosmoplane". Russia-InfoCentre. 27 February 2006. Retrieved 13 June 2015.

rususa.com

"Космоплан – самолет будущего". RusUsa.com. 3 November 2003. Archived from the original on 22 April 2012. Retrieved 4 November 2011.

sciencefirsthand.ru

Воздушно-космический Корабль [Air-Space Ship] (PDF) (in Russian). Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 March 2006. Retrieved 2 June 2015.

seradata.com

Todd, David (6 September 2020). "China launches own mini-spaceplane reusable spacecraft using a Long March 2F rocket... then lands it two days later". Seradata. Retrieved 10 September 2020.

skyrocket.de

space.skyrocket.de

"Chongfu Shiyong Shiyan Hangtian Qi (CSSHQ)". Gunter's space page.

sncorp.com

"SNC Selects ULA for Dream Chaser® Spacecraft Launches". Sierra Nevada Corporation (Press release). 14 August 2019. Retrieved 14 August 2019.

space.com

Malik, Tarik (21 July 2011). "NASA's Space Shuttle By the Numbers: 30 Years of a Spaceflight Icon". Space.com. Archived from the original on 16 October 2015. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
"China just launched a "reusable experimental spacecraft" into orbit". Space.com. 4 September 2020. Retrieved 4 September 2020.
Leonard, David (7 October 2011). "Secretive US X-37B Space Plane Could Evolve to Carry Astronauts". Space.com. Retrieved 13 October 2011.
"Big Test Looms for British Space Plane Concept". Space.com. 18 April 2011.
Hsu, Jeremy (15 October 2008). "Europe Aims For Re-entry Spacecraft". Space.com.
David, Leonard (9 November 2012). "China's Mystery Space Plane Project Stirs Up Questions". Space.com. Retrieved 13 June 2015.

spacedaily.com

"India Eyes New Spaceplane Concept". Space Daily. 8 August 2001. Retrieved 22 October 2014.

spaceflightnow.com

Clark, Stephen (18 August 2020). "Pentagon plans to keep X-37B spaceplane under Air Force management". Spaceflight Now. Archived from the original on 30 March 2023.

spaceforce.mil

"Department of the Air Force scheduled to launch seventh X-37B mission". United States Space Force. 8 November 2023. Retrieved 30 November 2023.
"X-37B orbital test vehicle concludes sixth successful mission" (Press release). U.S. Space Force. 12 November 2022. Archived from the original on 27 October 2023. Retrieved 12 November 2022.

spaceline.org

"USAF X-20 "Dyna-Soar" Program Draftees | Spaceline". Retrieved 31 December 2023.

spacenews.com

Foust, Jeff (14 January 2020). "Sierra Nevada explores other uses of Dream Chaser". spacenews.com. Retrieved 11 July 2020.
"Dawn Aerospace wins license for suborbital flights". SpaceNews. 9 December 2020. Retrieved 19 August 2022.

spacepolitics.com

Foust, Jeff (3 January 2008). "Invoking China to keep the shuttle alive". Space Politics.

spacevoyageventures.com

"Re-entry and Landing Procedures: A Guide to Safe Spacecraft Descent - Space Voyage Ventures". 23 February 2024. Retrieved 13 December 2024.

strategycenter.net

Fisher, Richard Jr. (3 January 2008). "...And Races into Space". International Assessment and Strategy Center.
Fisher, Richard Jr. (17 December 2007). "Shenlong Space Plane Advances China's Military Space Potential". International Assessment and Strategy Center. Archived from the original on 9 January 2008. Retrieved 12 February 2015.

techcrunch.com

"Dawn Aerospace conducts five flights of its suborbital spaceplane". TechCrunch. 25 August 2021. Retrieved 19 August 2022.

theaviationzone.com

"Antonov An-225 Mryia (Cossack)". theAviationZone.com. 2003. Archived from the original on 25 September 2018. Retrieved 1 June 2015.

thedebrief.org

Kass, Harrison (21 June 2021). "Boeing's X-20 Dyna-Soar Was The Air Force's 'Spaceplane' That Never Flew". The Debrief. Retrieved 31 December 2023.

theverge.com

Grush, Lauren (13 December 2018). "Virgin Galactic's spaceplane finally makes it to space for the first time". theverge.com. Retrieved 13 December 2018.

web.archive.org

"Orbiter Thermal Protection System". NASA/Kennedy Space Center. 1989. Archived from the original on 9 September 2006.
Williamson, Ray (1999). "Developing the Space Shuttle" (PDF). Exploring the Unknown: Selected Documents in the History of the U.S. Civil Space Program, Volume IV: Accessing Space. Washington, D.C.: NASA. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 May 2020. Retrieved 23 April 2019.
Launius, Roger D. (1969). "Space Task Group Report, 1969". NASA. Archived from the original on 14 January 2016. Retrieved 22 March 2020.
Malik, Tarik (21 July 2011). "NASA's Space Shuttle By the Numbers: 30 Years of a Spaceflight Icon". Space.com. Archived from the original on 16 October 2015. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
Smith, Yvette (1 June 2020). "Demo-2: Launching Into History". NASA. Archived from the original on 21 February 2021. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
Воздушно-космический Корабль [Air-Space Ship] (PDF) (in Russian). Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 March 2006. Retrieved 2 June 2015.
Harvey, Brian (2007). The Rebirth of the Russian Space Programme: 50 Years After Sputnik, New Frontiers. Springer. p. 8. ISBN 978-0-38-771356-4. Archived from the original on 24 June 2016. Retrieved 9 February 2016.
Windrem, Robert (4 November 1997). "How the Soviets stole a space shuttle". NBC News. Archived from the original on 30 March 2020. Retrieved 10 September 2013.
Clark, Stephen (18 August 2020). "Pentagon plans to keep X-37B spaceplane under Air Force management". Spaceflight Now. Archived from the original on 30 March 2023.
"X-37B orbital test vehicle concludes sixth successful mission" (Press release). U.S. Space Force. 12 November 2022. Archived from the original on 27 October 2023. Retrieved 12 November 2022.
"我国成功发射可重复使用试验航天器" [Our country successfully launched a reusable experimental spacecraft]. Xinhuanet. 4 September 2020. Archived from the original on 4 September 2020. Retrieved 4 September 2020.
"Hyflex". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 19 January 2011. Retrieved 15 May 2011.
"HYFLEX". Space Transportation System Research and Development Center, JAXA. Archived from the original on 25 November 2011. Retrieved 15 May 2011.
Hacker & Grimwood 1977, pp. xvi–xvii. Hacker, Barton C.; Grimwood, James M. (1977). On the Shoulders of Titans: A History of Project Gemini. Washington, D.C.: NASA. OCLC 3821896. NASA SP-4203. Archived from the original on 7 December 2003. Retrieved 21 May 2015.
Hacker & Grimwood 1977, pp. 145–148. Hacker, Barton C.; Grimwood, James M. (1977). On the Shoulders of Titans: A History of Project Gemini. Washington, D.C.: NASA. OCLC 3821896. NASA SP-4203. Archived from the original on 7 December 2003. Retrieved 21 May 2015.
Hacker & Grimwood 1977, pp. 171–173. Hacker, Barton C.; Grimwood, James M. (1977). On the Shoulders of Titans: A History of Project Gemini. Washington, D.C.: NASA. OCLC 3821896. NASA SP-4203. Archived from the original on 7 December 2003. Retrieved 21 May 2015.
"X-30 National Aerospace Plane (NASP)". Federation of American Scientists. Archived from the original on 21 April 2010. Retrieved 30 April 2010.
"Black Horse". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 22 July 2008.
"Two-Stage-to-Orbit 'Blackstar' System Shelved at Groom Lake? Archived 23 October 2006 at the Wayback Machine." Scott, W., Aviation Week & Space Technology. 5 March 2006.
Chertok, Boris E. (May 2009). Siddiqi, Asif A. (ed.). Rockets and People, Volume 3: Hot Days of the Cold War (PDF). NASA History Series. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. ISBN 978-0-16-081733-5. SP-2005-4110. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 December 2017. Retrieved 12 July 2017.
"Antonov An-225 Mryia (Cossack)". theAviationZone.com. 2003. Archived from the original on 25 September 2018. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
"Космоплан – самолет будущего". RusUsa.com. 3 November 2003. Archived from the original on 22 April 2012. Retrieved 4 November 2011.
"HOTOL History". Reaction Engines Limited. 2010. Archived from the original on 8 August 2010. Retrieved 29 September 2010.
"Skylon FAQ". Reaction Engines Limited. 2010. Archived from the original on 28 August 2010. Retrieved 29 September 2010.
"Bristol Spaceplanes Company Information". Bristol Spaceplanes. 2014. Archived from the original on 4 July 2014. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
"Saenger II". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 1 August 2016. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
"Germany and Piloted Space Missions". Space Policy Project. Federation of American Scientists. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
"Indian Scientists unveils space plane Avatar in US". Gujarat Science City. 10 July 2001. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 22 October 2014.
Fisher, Richard Jr. (17 December 2007). "Shenlong Space Plane Advances China's Military Space Potential". International Assessment and Strategy Center. Archived from the original on 9 January 2008. Retrieved 12 February 2015.
"India's Reusable Launch Vehicle-Technology Demonstrator (RLV-TD), Successfully Flight Tested". Indian Space Research Organisation. 23 May 2016. Archived from the original on 14 September 2016. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
"Dream Chaser Model Drops in at NASA Dryden" (Press release). Dryden Flight Research Center: NASA. December 17, 2010. Archived from the original on January 6, 2014. Retrieved August 29, 2012.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Hacker & Grimwood 1977, pp. xvi–xvii. Hacker, Barton C.; Grimwood, James M. (1977). On the Shoulders of Titans: A History of Project Gemini. Washington, D.C.: NASA. OCLC 3821896. NASA SP-4203. Archived from the original on 7 December 2003. Retrieved 21 May 2015.
Hacker & Grimwood 1977, pp. 145–148. Hacker, Barton C.; Grimwood, James M. (1977). On the Shoulders of Titans: A History of Project Gemini. Washington, D.C.: NASA. OCLC 3821896. NASA SP-4203. Archived from the original on 7 December 2003. Retrieved 21 May 2015.
Hacker & Grimwood 1977, pp. 171–173. Hacker, Barton C.; Grimwood, James M. (1977). On the Shoulders of Titans: A History of Project Gemini. Washington, D.C.: NASA. OCLC 3821896. NASA SP-4203. Archived from the original on 7 December 2003. Retrieved 21 May 2015.
"Isro reusable launch vehicle's landing experiment successful; RLV closer to orbital re-entry mission". The Times of India. 2 April 2023. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 2 April 2023.

x.com

McDowell, Jonathan [@planet4589] (9 February 2024). "Congrats to Tomi Simola for locating the secret X-37B spaceplane. OTV 7 is in a 323 x 38838 km x 59.1 deg orbit. Could be testing out a new HEO IR sensor for future early warning satellites - just a wild speculation on my part here" (Tweet) – via Twitter.

xinhuanet.com

"China launches reusable experimental spacecraft". Xinhuanet. Jiuquan. 4 September 2020. Retrieved 19 September 2020. After a period of in-orbit operation, the spacecraft will return to the scheduled landing site in China. It will test reusable technologies during its flight, providing technological support for the peaceful use of space.
"我国成功发射可重复使用试验航天器" [Our country successfully launched a reusable experimental spacecraft]. Xinhuanet. 4 September 2020. Archived from the original on 4 September 2020. Retrieved 4 September 2020.

youtube.com

Russian shuttle dream dashed by Soviet crash. YouTube.com. Russia Today. 15 November 2007. Archived from the original on 11 December 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2009.