Spanish flu research (English Wikipedia)

Connor S (8 January 2000). "Flu epidemic traced to Great War transit camp". The Independent. UK. Archived from the original on 8 August 2009. Retrieved 26 March 2020. An investigation into the global epidemic of influenza in 1918, which killed an estimated 40 million people, has shown it almost certainly started in an army camp in France in the middle of the First World War.

influenzareport.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Harder TC, Werner O (2006). "Chapter Two: Avian Influenza". Influenza Report (Report). Archived from the original (free on-line book) on 2017-08-09. Retrieved 2006-07-25. a medical textbook that provides a comprehensive overview of epidemic and pandemic influenza.

medicalmuseum.mil (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Closing in on a killer: Scientists unlock clues to the Spanish influenza virus". National Museum of Health and Medicine. Archived from the original on 2 May 2020. Retrieved 23 March 2020.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Barry JM (January 2004). "The site of origin of the 1918 influenza pandemic and its public health implications". Journal of Translational Medicine. 2 (1) 3. doi:10.1186/1479-5876-2-3. PMC 340389. PMID 14733617.
Taubenberger JK, Reid AH, Krafft AE, Bijwaard KE, Fanning TG (March 1997). "Initial genetic characterization of the 1918 "Spanish" influenza virus". Science. 275 (5307): 1793–1796. doi:10.1126/science.275.5307.1793. PMID 9065404. S2CID 8976173.
Taubenberger JK, Reid AH, Lourens RM, Wang R, Jin G, Fanning TG (October 2005). "Characterization of the 1918 influenza virus polymerase genes". Nature. 437 (7060): 889–893. Bibcode:2005Natur.437..889T. doi:10.1038/nature04230. PMID 16208372.
Taubenberger JK, Baltimore D, Doherty PC, Markel H, Morens DM, Webster RG, et al. (November 2012). "Reconstruction of the 1918 influenza virus: unexpected rewards from the past". mBio. 3 (5) e00201-12. doi:10.1128/mBio.00201-12. PMC 3448162. PMID 22967978.
Urban C, Vrancken B, Patrono LV, Düx A, Le Vu M, Matthes KL, et al. (1 July 2025). "An ancient influenza genome from Switzerland allows deeper insights into host adaptation during the 1918 flu pandemic in Europe". BMC Biology. 23 (1) 179. doi:10.1186/s12915-025-02282-z. PMC 12211374. PMID 40597331.
Kou Z, Lei FM, Yu J, Fan ZJ, Yin ZH, Jia CX, et al. (December 2005). "New genotype of avian influenza H5N1 viruses isolated from tree sparrows in China". Journal of Virology. 79 (24): 15460–15466. doi:10.1128/JVI.79.24.15460-15466.2005. PMC 1316012. PMID 16306617.
Gambaryan A, Tuzikov A, Pazynina G, Bovin N, Balish A, Klimov A (January 2006). "Evolution of the receptor binding phenotype of influenza A (H5) viruses". Virology. 344 (2): 432–438. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2005.08.035. PMID 16226289.
Chen H, Deng G, Li Z, Tian G, Li Y, Jiao P, et al. (July 2004). "The evolution of H5N1 influenza viruses in ducks in southern China". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101 (28): 10452–10457. Bibcode:2004PNAS..10110452C. doi:10.1073/pnas.0403212101. PMC 478602. PMID 15235128.
Taubenberger JK, Reid AH, Lourens RM, Wang R, Jin G, Fanning TG (October 2005). "Characterization of the 1918 influenza virus polymerase genes". Nature. 437 (7060): 889–893. Bibcode:2005Natur.437..889T. doi:10.1038/nature04230. PMID 16208372. S2CID 4405787.
Gibbs MJ, Gibbs AJ (April 2006). "Molecular virology: was the 1918 pandemic caused by a bird flu?". Nature. 440 (7088): E8, discussion E9-E8, discussion 10. Bibcode:2006Natur.440E...8G. doi:10.1038/nature04823. PMID 16641948. S2CID 4422599.
Antonovics J, Hood ME, Baker CH (April 2006). "Molecular virology: was the 1918 flu avian in origin?". Nature. 440 (7088): E9, discussion E9-E9, discussion 10. Bibcode:2006Natur.440E...9A. doi:10.1038/nature04824. PMID 16641950. S2CID 4382489.
Tumpey TM, Basler CF, Aguilar PV, Zeng H, Solórzano A, Swayne DE, et al. (October 2005). "Characterization of the reconstructed 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic virus". Science. 310 (5745): 77–80. Bibcode:2005Sci...310...77T. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.418.9059. doi:10.1126/science.1119392. PMID 16210530. S2CID 14773861. {{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help)
Kobasa D, Jones SM, Shinya K, Kash JC, Copps J, Ebihara H, et al. (January 2007). "Aberrant innate immune response in lethal infection of macaques with the 1918 influenza virus". Nature. 445 (7125): 319–323. Bibcode:2007Natur.445..319K. doi:10.1038/nature05495. PMID 17230189. S2CID 4431644.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Barry JM (January 2004). "The site of origin of the 1918 influenza pandemic and its public health implications". Journal of Translational Medicine. 2 (1) 3. doi:10.1186/1479-5876-2-3. PMC 340389. PMID 14733617.
Taubenberger JK, Baltimore D, Doherty PC, Markel H, Morens DM, Webster RG, et al. (November 2012). "Reconstruction of the 1918 influenza virus: unexpected rewards from the past". mBio. 3 (5) e00201-12. doi:10.1128/mBio.00201-12. PMC 3448162. PMID 22967978.
Urban C, Vrancken B, Patrono LV, Düx A, Le Vu M, Matthes KL, et al. (1 July 2025). "An ancient influenza genome from Switzerland allows deeper insights into host adaptation during the 1918 flu pandemic in Europe". BMC Biology. 23 (1) 179. doi:10.1186/s12915-025-02282-z. PMC 12211374. PMID 40597331.
Kou Z, Lei FM, Yu J, Fan ZJ, Yin ZH, Jia CX, et al. (December 2005). "New genotype of avian influenza H5N1 viruses isolated from tree sparrows in China". Journal of Virology. 79 (24): 15460–15466. doi:10.1128/JVI.79.24.15460-15466.2005. PMC 1316012. PMID 16306617.
Chen H, Deng G, Li Z, Tian G, Li Y, Jiao P, et al. (July 2004). "The evolution of H5N1 influenza viruses in ducks in southern China". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101 (28): 10452–10457. Bibcode:2004PNAS..10110452C. doi:10.1073/pnas.0403212101. PMC 478602. PMID 15235128.
Barry JM (2005). "1918 Revisited: Lessons and Suggestions for Further Inquiry". In Knobler SL, Mack A, Mahmoud A, Lemon SM (eds.). The threat of pandemic influenza: are we ready?: workshop summary (PDF). Washington, DC: National Academies Press. p. 62. ISBN 978-0-309-54685-0.

npr.org (Global: 114^th place; English: 75^th place)

Valentine V (20 February 2006). "Origins of the 1918 pandemic: The case for France". NPR. National Public Radio (NPR). 5222069.
Knox R (29 August 2006). "Experts: Use 1918 Methods to Fight Pandemic". National Public Radio (NPR). 5731688.

psu.edu (Global: 299^th place; English: 159^th place)

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Tumpey TM, Basler CF, Aguilar PV, Zeng H, Solórzano A, Swayne DE, et al. (October 2005). "Characterization of the reconstructed 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic virus". Science. 310 (5745): 77–80. Bibcode:2005Sci...310...77T. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.418.9059. doi:10.1126/science.1119392. PMID 16210530. S2CID 14773861. {{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help)

reuters.com (Global: 38^th place; English: 30^th place)

"Researchers unlock secrets of 1918 flu pandemic". Reuters. 29 December 2008.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Taubenberger JK, Reid AH, Krafft AE, Bijwaard KE, Fanning TG (March 1997). "Initial genetic characterization of the 1918 "Spanish" influenza virus". Science. 275 (5307): 1793–1796. doi:10.1126/science.275.5307.1793. PMID 9065404. S2CID 8976173.
Taubenberger JK, Reid AH, Lourens RM, Wang R, Jin G, Fanning TG (October 2005). "Characterization of the 1918 influenza virus polymerase genes". Nature. 437 (7060): 889–893. Bibcode:2005Natur.437..889T. doi:10.1038/nature04230. PMID 16208372. S2CID 4405787.
Gibbs MJ, Gibbs AJ (April 2006). "Molecular virology: was the 1918 pandemic caused by a bird flu?". Nature. 440 (7088): E8, discussion E9-E8, discussion 10. Bibcode:2006Natur.440E...8G. doi:10.1038/nature04823. PMID 16641948. S2CID 4422599.
Antonovics J, Hood ME, Baker CH (April 2006). "Molecular virology: was the 1918 flu avian in origin?". Nature. 440 (7088): E9, discussion E9-E9, discussion 10. Bibcode:2006Natur.440E...9A. doi:10.1038/nature04824. PMID 16641950. S2CID 4382489.
Taubenberger JK, Reid AH, Lourens RM, Wang R, Jin G, Fanning TG (April 2006). "Molecular virology: Was the 1918 pandemic caused by a bird flu? Was the 1918 flu avian in origin? (Reply)". Nature. 440 (7088): E9–E10. Bibcode:2006Natur.440E...9T. doi:10.1038/nature04825. S2CID 4308033.
Tumpey TM, Basler CF, Aguilar PV, Zeng H, Solórzano A, Swayne DE, et al. (October 2005). "Characterization of the reconstructed 1918 Spanish influenza pandemic virus". Science. 310 (5745): 77–80. Bibcode:2005Sci...310...77T. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.418.9059. doi:10.1126/science.1119392. PMID 16210530. S2CID 14773861. {{cite journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help)
Kobasa D, Jones SM, Shinya K, Kash JC, Copps J, Ebihara H, et al. (January 2007). "Aberrant innate immune response in lethal infection of macaques with the 1918 influenza virus". Nature. 445 (7125): 319–323. Bibcode:2007Natur.445..319K. doi:10.1038/nature05495. PMID 17230189. S2CID 4431644.

washingtonpost.com (Global: 35^th place; English: 24^th place)

"Resurrecting 1918 Flu Virus Took Many Turns". The Washington Post. 2005-10-10. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2020-07-25.
Brown D (10 October 2005). "Resurrecting 1918 flu virus took many turns". Washington Post.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Harder TC, Werner O (2006). "Chapter Two: Avian Influenza". Influenza Report (Report). Archived from the original (free on-line book) on 2017-08-09. Retrieved 2006-07-25. a medical textbook that provides a comprehensive overview of epidemic and pandemic influenza.
"Dr. John Oxford". EU Research Profile. Archived from the original on 26 December 2008.
Connor S (8 January 2000). "Flu epidemic traced to Great War transit camp". The Independent. UK. Archived from the original on 8 August 2009. Retrieved 26 March 2020. An investigation into the global epidemic of influenza in 1918, which killed an estimated 40 million people, has shown it almost certainly started in an army camp in France in the middle of the First World War.
"Closing in on a killer: Scientists unlock clues to the Spanish influenza virus". National Museum of Health and Medicine. Archived from the original on 2 May 2020. Retrieved 23 March 2020.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

"Resurrecting 1918 Flu Virus Took Many Turns". The Washington Post. 2005-10-10. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2020-07-25.

zenodo.org (Global: 737^th place; English: 426^th place)

Taubenberger JK, Reid AH, Lourens RM, Wang R, Jin G, Fanning TG (April 2006). "Molecular virology: Was the 1918 pandemic caused by a bird flu? Was the 1918 flu avian in origin? (Reply)". Nature. 440 (7088): E9–E10. Bibcode:2006Natur.440E...9T. doi:10.1038/nature04825. S2CID 4308033.

Spanish flu research (English Wikipedia)

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14th place; English: 9th place)

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bbc.co.uk (Global: 11th place; English: 10th place)

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cdc.gov (Global: 251st place; English: 248th place)

archive.cdc.gov

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europa.eu (Global: 62nd place; English: 100th place)

ec.europa.eu

independent.co.uk (Global: 46th place; English: 29th place)

influenzareport.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

medicalmuseum.mil (Global: low place; English: low place)

nih.gov (Global: 5th place; English: 5th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

npr.org (Global: 114th place; English: 75th place)

psu.edu (Global: 299th place; English: 159th place)

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

reuters.com (Global: 38th place; English: 30th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15th place; English: 8th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

washingtonpost.com (Global: 35th place; English: 24th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4th place; English: 4th place)

search.worldcat.org

zenodo.org (Global: 737th place; English: 426th place)

adsabs.harvard.edu (Global: 14^th place; English: 9^th place)

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

bbc.co.uk (Global: 11^th place; English: 10^th place)

cdc.gov (Global: 251^st place; English: 248^th place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

europa.eu (Global: 62^nd place; English: 100^th place)

independent.co.uk (Global: 46^th place; English: 29^th place)

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

npr.org (Global: 114^th place; English: 75^th place)

psu.edu (Global: 299^th place; English: 159^th place)

reuters.com (Global: 38^th place; English: 30^th place)

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

washingtonpost.com (Global: 35^th place; English: 24^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

zenodo.org (Global: 737^th place; English: 426^th place)