Spanish language (English Wikipedia)

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"Academia Puertorriqueña de la Lengua Española". Puerto Rico. Archived from the original on 24 August 2010. Retrieved 5 February 2011.

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Engelberg, Stefan. "The Influence of German on the Lexicon of Palauan and Kosraean (Dissertation)" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 December 2012. Retrieved 23 August 2012.

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"Academia Norteamericana de la Lengua Española". United States. Archived from the original on 12 February 2011. Retrieved 5 February 2011.

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Penny (2000:16) Penny, Ralph (2000). Variation and Change in Spanish. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-78045-4.
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"Presentación de la Academia Colombiana de la Lengua" (in Spanish). Colombia: Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española. Archived from the original on 19 February 2008. Retrieved 5 February 2011.
"Academia Ecuatoriana de la Lengua" (in Spanish). Ecuador. Archived from the original on 27 May 2011. Retrieved 5 February 2011.
"Academia Venezolana de la Lengua" (in Spanish). Venezuela. Archived from the original on 27 May 2011. Retrieved 5 February 2011.
"Academia Guatemalteca de la Lengua" (in Spanish). Guatemala. Archived from the original on 4 August 2008. Retrieved 5 February 2011.
"Academia Filipina de la Lengua Española" (in Spanish). Philippines. Archived from the original on 27 May 2011. Retrieved 5 February 2011.
"Academia Nicaragüense de la Lengua" (in Spanish). Nicaragua. Archived from the original on 27 May 2011. Retrieved 5 February 2011.
"Academia Hondureña de la Lengua" (in Spanish). Honduras. Archived from the original on 27 May 2011. Retrieved 5 February 2011.
"Academia Ecuatoguineana de la Lengua Española". Equatorial Guinea. Archived from the original on 31 March 2016. Retrieved 5 February 2016.

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"Informacion institucional" (in Spanish). El Salvador: Academia Salvadoreña de la Lengua. Archived from the original on 4 September 2011. Retrieved 5 February 2011.

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"Por qué Filipinas no es un país hispanoparlante si fue una colonia de España durante 300 años (y qué huellas quedan de la lengua de Cervantes)". BBC News Mundo (in Spanish). 30 January 2021. Archived from the original on 30 January 2021. Retrieved 31 January 2021.

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Heriberto Robles; Camacho Becerra; Juan José Comparán Rizo; Felipe Castillo (1998). Manual de etimologías grecolatinas (3rd ed.). México: Limusa. p. 19. ISBN 968-18-5542-6. Archived from the original on 24 January 2023. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
Comparán Rizo, Juan José. Raices Griegas y latinas (in Spanish). Ediciones Umbral. p. 17. ISBN 978-968-5430-01-2. Archived from the original on 23 April 2017. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
Crow, John A. (2005). Spain: the root and the flower. University of California Press. p. 151. ISBN 978-0-520-24496-2. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
Thomas, Hugh (2005). Rivers of Gold: the rise of the Spanish empire, from Columbus to Magellan. Random House Inc. p. 78. ISBN 978-0-8129-7055-5. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
Crawford, John (1992). Language loyalties: a source book on the official English controversy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 62. ISBN 9780226120164. Archived from the original on 30 November 2023. Retrieved 14 November 2023.
Rubino (2008:279) Rubino, Carl (2008), "Zamboangueño Chavacano and the Potentive Mode.", in Michaelis, Susanne (ed.), Roots of Creole Structures: Weighing the Contribution of Substrates and Superstrates, Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 279–299, ISBN 978-90-272-5255-5, archived from the original on 19 December 2020, retrieved 28 October 2020
Hualde (2014:39) Hualde, José Ignacio (2014). Los sonidos del español. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-16823-6. Archived from the original on 10 December 2020. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
Eleanor Greet Cotton, John M. Sharp (1988) Spanish in the Americas, Volume 2, pp. 154–155, Archived 15 September 2015 at the Wayback Machine
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—OR—
Castro, Américo (1985). The Spaniards: An Introduction to Their History. Translated by Willard F. King; Selma Margaretten. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-05469-1. Archived from the original on 24 January 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2016.^{[verification needed]}
Dworkin, Steven N. (2012). A History of the Spanish Lexicon: A Linguistic Perspective. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 83. ISBN 978-0-19-954114-0. Archived from the original on 15 September 2015. Retrieved 17 June 2015.,Macpherson, I. R. (1980). Spanish phonology. Manchester: Manchester University Press. p. 93. ISBN 0-7190-0788-7. Archived from the original on 23 December 2016. Retrieved 23 October 2016.,Martínez Egido, José Joaquín (2007). Constitución del léxico español. Liceus, Servicios de Gestió. p. 15. ISBN 978-84-9822-653-9. Archived from the original on 26 June 2014. Retrieved 23 October 2016.
Penny (1991:224–236) Penny, Ralph (1991). A History of the Spanish Language. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-39784-7. Archived from the original on 14 August 2021. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
Dalby (1998:501) Dalby, Andrew (1998). Dictionary of Languages: The Definitive Reference to More Than 400 Languages. Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-11568-7. Archived from the original on 17 August 2021. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
Ginsburgh & Weber (2011:90) Ginsburgh, Victor; Weber, Shlomo (2011). How Many Languages Do We Need?: The Economics of Linguistic Diversity. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-13689-9. Archived from the original on 16 August 2021. Retrieved 28 October 2020.
Batchelor, Ronald Ernest (1992). Using Spanish: a guide to contemporary usage. Cambridge University Press. p. 318. ISBN 0-521-26987-3. Archived from the original on 15 August 2021. Retrieved 28 October 2020.

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linguistics.byu.edu

Eddington (2000:96) Eddington, David (2000). "Spanish Stress Assignment within the Analogical Modeling of Language" (PDF). Language. 76 (1): 92–109. doi:10.2307/417394. JSTOR 417394. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 July 2013. Retrieved 7 April 2010.

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revista.carayanpress.com

Andrés Barrenechea, Clarissa (June 2013). La enseñanza del español como lengua extranjera en Filipinas. Estudio de caso de la Universidad Ateneo de Manila [The Teaching of Spanish as a Foreign Language in the Philippines: Case Study of the Ateneo de Manila University] (PDF) (Master) (in Spanish). Autonomous University of Zacatecas. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 April 2023. Retrieved 8 May 2023.

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Native command group (GDL): 266,955 non-nationalized Spanish-speaking immigrants, 63,752 nationalized Spanish-speaking immigrants, 44,500 Spanish speakers of children of immigrants (second generation). 375,207 total native speakers, but there are another 37,047 non-mother-tongue speakers with native-level skills. Anuario del Instituto Cervantes 2020 (page 325). "Germany and their Spanish speakers" Archived 18 February 2020 at the Wayback Machine
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