Stephen Jay Gould (English Wikipedia)

Gould, S. J. (1981). "Official Transcript for Gould’s deposition in McLean v. Arkansas." (Nov. 27). Under oath Gould stated: "My political views tend to the left of center. Q. Could you be more specific about your political views? A. I don't know how to be. I am not a joiner, so I am not a member of any organization. So I have always resisted labeling. But if you read my other book, The Mismeasure of Man, which is not included because it is not about evolution, you will get a sense of my political views." p. 153.

archive.org

In a January 25, 2001 interview for BBC Radio 4 Gould stated, "Atheists can be highly moral people, I trust. I am myself." (27m:37s); Biologist Jerry Coyne—who had Gould on his thesis committee—described him as a "diehard atheist if there ever was one." (Sam Harris 2015. "Faith vs. Fact: An Interview with Jerry Coyne." Archived October 6, 2015, at the Wayback Machine May 19. [12m:22s] samharris.org.) Gould's close friend Oliver Sacks labeled Gould a "Jewish atheist". (Oliver Sacks 2006. "Introduction." The Richness of Life. W. W. Norton, p. 8.)
International Palaeontological Union (I.P.U.) (1968). Westermann, G.E.G. (ed.). Directory of Palaeontologists of the World (excl. Soviet Union & continental China) (2 ed.). Hamilton, Ontario: McMaster University. p. 41. Retrieved January 3, 2017 – via Internet Archive.
Gould, S. J. and Steven Rose, ed. (2007). The Richness of Life: The Essential Stephen Jay Gould. New York: W. W. Norton & Co., p. 6.
Lloyd, Elisabeth Anne (2005). The Case of The Female Orgasm: Bias in the science of evolution. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. p. ^{[page needed]}. ISBN 978-0-674-04030-4. OCLC 432675780 – via Internet Archive.
Kayzer, Wim (1993) Een schitterend ongeluk.. Netherlands: VPRO. See also Oliver Sacks (2007). Forward. In Steven Rose, ed. The Richness of Life. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, p. xi.
Conway Morris, Simon (2003). Life's Solution: Inevitable Humans in a Lonely Universe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

archive.today

Briggs, Derek; Fortey, Richard (2005). "Wonderful Strife: systematics, stem groups, and the phylogenetic signal of the Cambrian radiation" (PDF). Paleobiology. 31 (2): 94–112. doi:10.1666/0094-8373(2005)031[0094:WSSSGA]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 44066226. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 12, 2016. Retrieved June 17, 2016. Abstract

arizona.edu

blc.arizona.edu

Gould, S. J. (1997). "Nonoverlapping magisteria." Archived June 15, 2021, at the Wayback Machine Natural History 106 (March): 16–22.

arstechnica.com

Ars Technica "There’s new evidence confirming bias of the “father of scientific racism”

asu.edu

cbs.asu.edu

Gould, S. J. (1992). "Biological potentiality vs. biological determinism". Archived October 16, 2021, at the Wayback Machine In Ever Since Darwin. New York: W. W. Norton & Co., pp. 251–259.
Gould, S. J. (1978). "Morton's Ranking of Races by Cranial Capacity." Archived November 17, 2015, at the Wayback Machine Science 200 (May 5): 503–509.

bbc.co.uk

In a January 25, 2001 interview for BBC Radio 4 Gould stated, "Atheists can be highly moral people, I trust. I am myself." (27m:37s); Biologist Jerry Coyne—who had Gould on his thesis committee—described him as a "diehard atheist if there ever was one." (Sam Harris 2015. "Faith vs. Fact: An Interview with Jerry Coyne." Archived October 6, 2015, at the Wayback Machine May 19. [12m:22s] samharris.org.) Gould's close friend Oliver Sacks labeled Gould a "Jewish atheist". (Oliver Sacks 2006. "Introduction." The Richness of Life. W. W. Norton, p. 8.)

blackwellpublishing.com

Eldredge, Niles, and S. J. Gould (1972). "Punctuated equilibria: an alternative to phyletic gradualism." In T.J.M. Schopf, ed., Models in Paleobiology. San Francisco: Freeman, Cooper and Company, pp. 82–115.

books.google.com

Sepkoski, David (2012). Rereading the Fossil Record: The Growth of Paleobiology as an Evolutionary Discipline. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0226748580.
Gould, S. J. (2003). Triumph and Tragedy in Mudville. New York: W. W. Norton & Co. See his essays: "The Streak of Streaks."
Dawkins, Richard (1986) The Blind Watchmaker. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, p. 225.
Turner, John (1984). "Why we need evolution by jerks." New Scientist 101 (Feb. 9): 34–35.
ITC (1908) International Library of Technology 38 (3): 22.
Dennett, Daniel (1995) Darwin's Dangerous Idea. New York: Penguin Books, p. 272.
Baron, Christian and J. T. Høeg (2005). "Gould, Scharm and the Paleontologocal Perspective in Evolutionary Biology". In S. Koenemann and R.A. Jenner, Crustacea and Arthropod Relationships. CRC Press. pp. 3–14. ISBN 0-8493-3498-5.
These are the first two paragraphs, with notes, from an unpublished "Letter to the Editor of The New York Review of Books" by Leda Cosmides and John Tooby (July 7, 1997). They wrote in comment on two NYRB articles by Gould (June 12 and 26).
John Maynard Smith, one of the world's leading evolutionary biologists, recently summarized in the NYRB the sharply conflicting assessments of Stephen Jay Gould: "Because of the excellence of his essays, he has come to be seen by non-biologists as the pre-eminent evolutionary theorist. In contrast, the evolutionary biologists with whom I have discussed his work tend to see him as a man whose ideas are so confused as to be hardly worth bothering with, but as one who should not be publicly criticized because he is at least on our side against the creationists." (NYRB, November 30, 1995, p. 46). No one can take any pleasure in the evident pain Gould is experiencing now that his actual standing within the community of professional evolutionary biologists is finally becoming more widely known. If what was a stake was solely one man's self-regard, common decency would preclude comment.

But as Maynard Smith points out, more is at stake. Gould "is giving non-biologists a largely false picture of the state of evolutionary theory"—or as Ernst Mayr says of Gould and his small group of allies—they "quite conspicuously misrepresent the views of [biology's] leading spokesmen."^[1] Indeed, although Gould characterizes his critics as "anonymous" and "a tiny coterie," nearly every major evolutionary biologist of our era has weighed in a vain attempt to correct the tangle of confusions that the higher profile Gould has inundated the intellectual world with.^[2] The point is not that Gould is the object of some criticism—so properly are we all—it is that his reputation as a credible and balanced authority about evolutionary biology is non-existent among those who are in a professional position to know.

1.^ Mayr, Ernst (1988) Toward a new philosophy of biology. Harvard University Press, pp. 534-535.

2.^ These include Ernst Mayr, John Maynard Smith, George Williams, Bill Hamilton, Richard Dawkins, E.O. Wilson, Tim Clutton-Brock, Paul Harvey, Brian Charlesworth, Jerry Coyne, Robert Trivers, John Alcock, Randy Thornhill, and many others.
Note: Where Tooby and Cosmides quote Ernst Mayr, Mayr does not mention Gould by name, but is speaking generally of the critics of the Neo-Darwinian Synthesis. Also, the list of major biologists provided by Tooby and Cosmides may not be fairly represented. E.g., Mayr, Williams, Dawkins, and Coyne have expressed public admiration for Gould as a scientist.
In the first of his two articles that provoked Tooby and Cosmides, Gould had commented on the November 1995 review of his work by Maynard Smith: Gould, "Darwinian Fundamentalism", New York Review of Books 44 (June 12, 1997): 34–37.
A false fact can be refuted, a false argument exposed; but how can one respond to a purely ad hominem attack? This harder, and altogether more discouraging, task may best be achieved by exposing internal inconsistency and unfairness of rhetoric.
[quotation of Smith's criticism of Gould, November 1995 NYRB]

It seems futile to reply to an attack so empty of content, and based only on comments by anonymous critics; [...] Instead of responding to Maynard Smith's attack against my integrity and scholarship, citing people unknown and with arguments unmentioned, let me, instead, merely remind him of the blatant inconsistency between his admirable past and lamentable present. Some sixteen years ago he wrote a highly critical but wonderfully supportive review of my early book of essays, The Panda's Thumb, stating: "I hope it will be obvious that my wish to argue with Gould is a compliment, not a criticism." He then attended my series of Tanner Lectures at Cambridge in 1984 and wrote in a report for Nature, and under the remarkable title "Paleontology at the High Table," the kindest and most supportive critical commentary I have ever received. He argued that the work of a small group of American paleobiologists had brought the entire subject back to theoretical centrality within the evolutionary sciences. [...]

So we face the enigma of a man who has written numerous articles, amounting to tens of thousands of words, about my work—always strongly and incisively critical, always richly informed (and always, I might add, enormously appreciated by me). But now Maynard Smith needs to canvass unnamed colleagues to find out that my ideas are "hardly worth bothering with". He really ought to be asking himself why he has been bothering about my work so intensely, and for so many years.
Dawkins, Richard (1998). Unweaving the Rainbow. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, pp. 196–197. "It is when we ask what happens during the sudden bursts of species formation that the confusion... arises... Gould is aware of the difference between rapid gradualism and macromutation, but he treats the matter as though it were a minor detail, to be cleared up after we have taken on board the overarching question of whether evolution is episodic rather than gradual."
Kemp, Thomas (2016). Origin of Higher Taxa. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 88.
Dawkins, Richard (1998). Unweaving the Rainbow, p. 202.
Wilson, E. O. (2006). Naturalist New York: Island Press, p. 337 ISBN 1-59726-088-6.
Dawkins, Richard (2006). The God Delusion. New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, p. 83.
Dawkins, Richard (2006). The God Delusion. New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, p. 81.

cnn.com

collection.cnn.com

CNN. Talkback Live August 9, 1996; Crossfire August 17, 1999.

co.nf

systematicbiology.co.nf

Briggs, Derek; Fortey, Richard (2005). "Wonderful Strife: systematics, stem groups, and the phylogenetic signal of the Cambrian radiation" (PDF). Paleobiology. 31 (2): 94–112. doi:10.1666/0094-8373(2005)031[0094:WSSSGA]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 44066226. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 12, 2016. Retrieved June 17, 2016. Abstract

csicop.org

"The Pantheon of Skeptics". CSI. Committee for Skeptical Inquiry. Archived from the original on January 31, 2017. Retrieved April 30, 2017.

cuni.cz

web.natur.cuni.cz

Dawkins, Richard (1999). The Extended Phenotype, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, p. 101. Archived August 8, 2020, at the Wayback Machine, ISBN 0-19-288051-9.

docdro.id

Prum, R.O.; Brush, A.H. (2003). "Which Came First, the Feather or the Bird?". Scientific American. 288 (3): 84–93. Bibcode:2003SciAm.288c..84P. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0303-84 (inactive April 24, 2024). PMID 12616863.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of April 2024 (link)

docdroid.net

Perez, Myrna (2013). "Evolutionary Activism: Stephen Jay Gould, the New Left and Sociobiology" (PDF). Endeavour. 37 (2): 104–11. doi:10.1016/j.endeavour.2012.10.002. PMID 23643447.

doi.org

Shermer, Michael (2002), "This View of Science" (PDF), Social Studies of Science, 32 (4): 489–525, doi:10.1177/0306312702032004001, PMID 12503565, S2CID 220879229.
Müller, Gerd B. (2013). "Beyond Spandrels: Stephen J. Gould, EvoDevo, and the Extended Synthesis". In Danieli, G.; Minelli, A.; Pievani, T. (eds.). Stephen J. Gould: The Scientific Legacy. pp. 85–99. doi:10.1007/978-88-470-5424-0_6. ISBN 978-88-470-5423-3.
Perez, Myrna (2013). "Evolutionary Activism: Stephen Jay Gould, the New Left and Sociobiology" (PDF). Endeavour. 37 (2): 104–11. doi:10.1016/j.endeavour.2012.10.002. PMID 23643447.
Maynard Smith, John (1984), "Paleontology at the high table", Nature, 309 (5967): 401–402, Bibcode:1984Natur.309..401S, doi:10.1038/309401a0, S2CID 31031206.
Prum, R.O.; Brush, A.H. (2003). "Which Came First, the Feather or the Bird?". Scientific American. 288 (3): 84–93. Bibcode:2003SciAm.288c..84P. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0303-84 (inactive April 24, 2024). PMID 12616863.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of April 2024 (link)
Gould, S. J.; Lewontin, Richard (1979). "The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme". Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 205 (1161): 581–98. Bibcode:1979RSPSB.205..581G. doi:10.1098/rspb.1979.0086. PMID 42062. S2CID 2129408. for background see Gould's "The Pattern of Life's History" Archived April 14, 2015, at the Wayback Machine in John Brockman The Third Culture Archived January 30, 2016, at the Wayback Machine. New York: Simon & Schuster. 1996, pp. 52–64. ISBN 0-684-82344-6.
Gould, S. J.; Vrba, E. (1982), "Exaptation—a missing term in the science of form" (PDF), Paleobiology, 8 (1): 4–15, Bibcode:1982Pbio....8....4G, doi:10.1017/S0094837300004310, S2CID 86436132.
Gould, S. J. (1997). "The exaptive excellence of spandrels as a term and prototype". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 94 (20): 10750–10755. Bibcode:1997PNAS...9410750G. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.20.10750. PMC 23474. PMID 11038582.
Mayr, Ernst (March 1983). "How to Carry Out the Adaptationist Program?" (PDF). The American Naturalist. 121 (3): 324–334. doi:10.1086/284064. S2CID 3937726.
Dawkins, Richard (1997), "Human chauvinism", Evolution, 51 (3): 1015–1020, doi:10.2307/2411179, JSTOR 2411179, S2CID 87940833, archived from the original on June 1, 2008.
Shermer, Michael (2002), "This View of Science" (PDF), Social Studies of Science, 32 (4): 518, doi:10.1177/0306312702032004001, PMID 12503565, S2CID 220879229.
Briggs, Derek; Fortey, Richard (2005). "Wonderful Strife: systematics, stem groups, and the phylogenetic signal of the Cambrian radiation" (PDF). Paleobiology. 31 (2): 94–112. doi:10.1666/0094-8373(2005)031[0094:WSSSGA]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 44066226. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 12, 2016. Retrieved June 17, 2016. Abstract
Korb, Kevin B. (August 1994). "Stephen Jay Gould on intelligence". Cognition. 52 (2): 111–123. doi:10.1016/0010-0277(94)90064-7. PMID 7924200. S2CID 10514854. Retrieved December 30, 2022.
Humphreys, Lloyd (Autumn 1983). "The Mismeasure of Man". American Journal of Psychology. 96 (3): 407–416. doi:10.2307/1422323. JSTOR 1422323. Retrieved December 30, 2022.
Lewis, J.; DeGusta, D.; Meyer, M.R.; Monge, J.M.; Mann, A.E.; Holloway, R.L. (2011). "The Mismeasure of Science: Stephen Jay Gould versus Samuel George Morton on Skulls and Bias". PLOS Biology. 9 (6): e1001071. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001071. PMC 3110184. PMID 21666803.

edge.org

Gould, S. J. (1995). "The Pattern of Life's History." Archived April 30, 2019, at the Wayback Machine In John Brockman (ed.) The Third Culture Archived April 30, 2019, at the Wayback Machine. New York: Simon & Schuster, p. 60.
Gould, S. J.; Lewontin, Richard (1979). "The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme". Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 205 (1161): 581–98. Bibcode:1979RSPSB.205..581G. doi:10.1098/rspb.1979.0086. PMID 42062. S2CID 2129408. for background see Gould's "The Pattern of Life's History" Archived April 14, 2015, at the Wayback Machine in John Brockman The Third Culture Archived January 30, 2016, at the Wayback Machine. New York: Simon & Schuster. 1996, pp. 52–64. ISBN 0-684-82344-6.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Maynard Smith, John (1984), "Paleontology at the high table", Nature, 309 (5967): 401–402, Bibcode:1984Natur.309..401S, doi:10.1038/309401a0, S2CID 31031206.
Prum, R.O.; Brush, A.H. (2003). "Which Came First, the Feather or the Bird?". Scientific American. 288 (3): 84–93. Bibcode:2003SciAm.288c..84P. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0303-84 (inactive April 24, 2024). PMID 12616863.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of April 2024 (link)
Gould, S. J.; Lewontin, Richard (1979). "The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme". Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 205 (1161): 581–98. Bibcode:1979RSPSB.205..581G. doi:10.1098/rspb.1979.0086. PMID 42062. S2CID 2129408. for background see Gould's "The Pattern of Life's History" Archived April 14, 2015, at the Wayback Machine in John Brockman The Third Culture Archived January 30, 2016, at the Wayback Machine. New York: Simon & Schuster. 1996, pp. 52–64. ISBN 0-684-82344-6.
Gould, S. J.; Vrba, E. (1982), "Exaptation—a missing term in the science of form" (PDF), Paleobiology, 8 (1): 4–15, Bibcode:1982Pbio....8....4G, doi:10.1017/S0094837300004310, S2CID 86436132.
Gould, S. J. (1997). "The exaptive excellence of spandrels as a term and prototype". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 94 (20): 10750–10755. Bibcode:1997PNAS...9410750G. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.20.10750. PMC 23474. PMID 11038582.

hawaii.edu

www2.hawaii.edu

Gould, S. J.; Vrba, E. (1982), "Exaptation—a missing term in the science of form" (PDF), Paleobiology, 8 (1): 4–15, Bibcode:1982Pbio....8....4G, doi:10.1017/S0094837300004310, S2CID 86436132.

isreview.org

Gasper, Phil (2002). "Stephen Jay Gould: Archived November 24, 2015, at the Wayback Machine Dialectical Biologist". International Socialist Review 24 (July–August).

jstor.org

Dawkins, Richard (1997), "Human chauvinism", Evolution, 51 (3): 1015–1020, doi:10.2307/2411179, JSTOR 2411179, S2CID 87940833, archived from the original on June 1, 2008.
Humphreys, Lloyd (Autumn 1983). "The Mismeasure of Man". American Journal of Psychology. 96 (3): 407–416. doi:10.2307/1422323. JSTOR 1422323. Retrieved December 30, 2022.

kryo.com

Chwialkowska, Luiza (1995). "Marijuana Helped to Save My Life, Prominent Harvard Scholar Says" Ottawa Citizen.

latimes.com

articles.latimes.com

Golden, Frederic (1996) "A Kinder, Gentler Stephen Jay Gould" Los Angeles Times Oct 8.

linnean.org

Linnean Society of London (2008). "The Darwin–Wallace Medal". Retrieved on June 4, 2009.

loc.gov

Library of Congress. "Living Legend: Stephen Jay Gould". Library of Congress. Retrieved June 7, 2013.

lrb.co.uk

Maynard Smith, John (1981). "Did Darwin get it right?" The London Review of Books 3 (11): 10–11; Also reprinted in Did Darwin Get it Right? New York: Chapman and Hall, 1989, pp. 148–156.
Fortey, Richard (1998). "Shock Lobsters". Archived August 23, 2009, at the Wayback Machine London Review of Books 20 (Oct. 1).

monthlyreview.org

Lewontin, Richard and Richard Levins (2002). "Stephen Jay Gould—what does it mean to be a radical?" Archived March 17, 2011, at the Wayback Machine Monthly Review 54 (Nov. 1).

narod.ru

scilib-biology.narod.ru

Maynard Smith, John (1981). "Review of The Panda's Thumb" The London Review of Books pp. 17–30; Reprinted as "Tinkering" in his Did Darwin Get It Right? New York: Chapman and Hall. 1989, pp. 94, 97.

naturalhistorymag.com

Tattersall, Ian. "Remembering Stephen Jay Gould". naturalhistorymag.com. Retrieved January 19, 2024.
Gould, S. J. (2001). "I have landed". Natural History. 109 (10): 46–59. Retrieved June 1, 2018.

nature.com

Editorial (2011). "Mismeasure for mismeasure." Nature 474 (23 June): 419.

nbcnews.com

Associated Press (2005). "Family of Stephen Jay Gould sues doctors, hospital."

ncse.com

National Center for Science Education (2003). "Project Steve." www.ncse.com. Retrieved August 25, 2015.
"Advisory Council". ncse.com. National Center for Science Education. Archived from the original on August 10, 2013. Retrieved October 30, 2018.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Shermer, Michael (2002), "This View of Science" (PDF), Social Studies of Science, 32 (4): 489–525, doi:10.1177/0306312702032004001, PMID 12503565, S2CID 220879229.
Perez, Myrna (2013). "Evolutionary Activism: Stephen Jay Gould, the New Left and Sociobiology" (PDF). Endeavour. 37 (2): 104–11. doi:10.1016/j.endeavour.2012.10.002. PMID 23643447.
Prum, R.O.; Brush, A.H. (2003). "Which Came First, the Feather or the Bird?". Scientific American. 288 (3): 84–93. Bibcode:2003SciAm.288c..84P. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0303-84 (inactive April 24, 2024). PMID 12616863.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of April 2024 (link)
Gould, S. J.; Lewontin, Richard (1979). "The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme". Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 205 (1161): 581–98. Bibcode:1979RSPSB.205..581G. doi:10.1098/rspb.1979.0086. PMID 42062. S2CID 2129408. for background see Gould's "The Pattern of Life's History" Archived April 14, 2015, at the Wayback Machine in John Brockman The Third Culture Archived January 30, 2016, at the Wayback Machine. New York: Simon & Schuster. 1996, pp. 52–64. ISBN 0-684-82344-6.
Gould, S. J. (1997). "The exaptive excellence of spandrels as a term and prototype". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 94 (20): 10750–10755. Bibcode:1997PNAS...9410750G. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.20.10750. PMC 23474. PMID 11038582.
Shermer, Michael (2002), "This View of Science" (PDF), Social Studies of Science, 32 (4): 518, doi:10.1177/0306312702032004001, PMID 12503565, S2CID 220879229.
Korb, Kevin B. (August 1994). "Stephen Jay Gould on intelligence". Cognition. 52 (2): 111–123. doi:10.1016/0010-0277(94)90064-7. PMID 7924200. S2CID 10514854. Retrieved December 30, 2022.
Lewis, J.; DeGusta, D.; Meyer, M.R.; Monge, J.M.; Mann, A.E.; Holloway, R.L. (2011). "The Mismeasure of Science: Stephen Jay Gould versus Samuel George Morton on Skulls and Bias". PLOS Biology. 9 (6): e1001071. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001071. PMC 3110184. PMID 21666803.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Gould, S. J. (1997). "The exaptive excellence of spandrels as a term and prototype". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 94 (20): 10750–10755. Bibcode:1997PNAS...9410750G. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.20.10750. PMC 23474. PMID 11038582.
Lewis, J.; DeGusta, D.; Meyer, M.R.; Monge, J.M.; Mann, A.E.; Holloway, R.L. (2011). "The Mismeasure of Science: Stephen Jay Gould versus Samuel George Morton on Skulls and Bias". PLOS Biology. 9 (6): e1001071. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001071. PMC 3110184. PMID 21666803.

nonzero.org

Wright, Robert (1999). "The Accidental Creationist: Why Stephen J. Gould is bad for evolution". Archived November 5, 2009, at the Wayback Machine The New Yorker 75 (Dec. 13): 56–65.

nybooks.com

Gould, S. J. (2003). Triumph and Tragedy in Mudville. New York: W. W. Norton & Co. See his essays: "The Streak of Streaks."
Gould, S. J. (1993). "Dinomania". New York Review of Books 40 (August 12): 51–56.
Allen, Elizabeth, et al. (1975). "Against 'Sociobiology'". [letter] New York Review of Books 22 (Nov. 13): 182, 184–186.
Maynard Smith, John (November 30, 1995). "Genes, Memes, & Minds". The New York Review of Books. pp. 46–48. By and large, I think their [Spandrels] paper had a healthy effect. ... Their critique forced us to clean up our act and to provide evidence for our stories. But adaptationism remains the core of biological thinking.
These are the first two paragraphs, with notes, from an unpublished "Letter to the Editor of The New York Review of Books" by Leda Cosmides and John Tooby (July 7, 1997). They wrote in comment on two NYRB articles by Gould (June 12 and 26).
John Maynard Smith, one of the world's leading evolutionary biologists, recently summarized in the NYRB the sharply conflicting assessments of Stephen Jay Gould: "Because of the excellence of his essays, he has come to be seen by non-biologists as the pre-eminent evolutionary theorist. In contrast, the evolutionary biologists with whom I have discussed his work tend to see him as a man whose ideas are so confused as to be hardly worth bothering with, but as one who should not be publicly criticized because he is at least on our side against the creationists." (NYRB, November 30, 1995, p. 46). No one can take any pleasure in the evident pain Gould is experiencing now that his actual standing within the community of professional evolutionary biologists is finally becoming more widely known. If what was a stake was solely one man's self-regard, common decency would preclude comment.

But as Maynard Smith points out, more is at stake. Gould "is giving non-biologists a largely false picture of the state of evolutionary theory"—or as Ernst Mayr says of Gould and his small group of allies—they "quite conspicuously misrepresent the views of [biology's] leading spokesmen."^[1] Indeed, although Gould characterizes his critics as "anonymous" and "a tiny coterie," nearly every major evolutionary biologist of our era has weighed in a vain attempt to correct the tangle of confusions that the higher profile Gould has inundated the intellectual world with.^[2] The point is not that Gould is the object of some criticism—so properly are we all—it is that his reputation as a credible and balanced authority about evolutionary biology is non-existent among those who are in a professional position to know.

1.^ Mayr, Ernst (1988) Toward a new philosophy of biology. Harvard University Press, pp. 534-535.

2.^ These include Ernst Mayr, John Maynard Smith, George Williams, Bill Hamilton, Richard Dawkins, E.O. Wilson, Tim Clutton-Brock, Paul Harvey, Brian Charlesworth, Jerry Coyne, Robert Trivers, John Alcock, Randy Thornhill, and many others.
Note: Where Tooby and Cosmides quote Ernst Mayr, Mayr does not mention Gould by name, but is speaking generally of the critics of the Neo-Darwinian Synthesis. Also, the list of major biologists provided by Tooby and Cosmides may not be fairly represented. E.g., Mayr, Williams, Dawkins, and Coyne have expressed public admiration for Gould as a scientist.
In the first of his two articles that provoked Tooby and Cosmides, Gould had commented on the November 1995 review of his work by Maynard Smith: Gould, "Darwinian Fundamentalism", New York Review of Books 44 (June 12, 1997): 34–37.
A false fact can be refuted, a false argument exposed; but how can one respond to a purely ad hominem attack? This harder, and altogether more discouraging, task may best be achieved by exposing internal inconsistency and unfairness of rhetoric.
[quotation of Smith's criticism of Gould, November 1995 NYRB]

It seems futile to reply to an attack so empty of content, and based only on comments by anonymous critics; [...] Instead of responding to Maynard Smith's attack against my integrity and scholarship, citing people unknown and with arguments unmentioned, let me, instead, merely remind him of the blatant inconsistency between his admirable past and lamentable present. Some sixteen years ago he wrote a highly critical but wonderfully supportive review of my early book of essays, The Panda's Thumb, stating: "I hope it will be obvious that my wish to argue with Gould is a compliment, not a criticism." He then attended my series of Tanner Lectures at Cambridge in 1984 and wrote in a report for Nature, and under the remarkable title "Paleontology at the High Table," the kindest and most supportive critical commentary I have ever received. He argued that the work of a small group of American paleobiologists had brought the entire subject back to theoretical centrality within the evolutionary sciences. [...]

So we face the enigma of a man who has written numerous articles, amounting to tens of thousands of words, about my work—always strongly and incisively critical, always richly informed (and always, I might add, enormously appreciated by me). But now Maynard Smith needs to canvass unnamed colleagues to find out that my ideas are "hardly worth bothering with". He really ought to be asking himself why he has been bothering about my work so intensely, and for so many years.
Maynard Smith, John (1995). "Genes, Memes, & Minds". The New York Review of Books 42 (Nov. 30): 46–48.

nytimes.com

"Peter D. Gould, 50, Broadway Designer". The New York Times. October 18, 1994.
Yoon, Carol Kaesuk (May 21, 2002). "Stephen Jay Gould, 60, Is Dead; Enlivened Evolutionary Theory". The New York Times.
Wade, Nicholas (2011). "Scientists Measure the Accuracy of a Racism Claim." The New York Times (June 14): D4.

ox.ac.uk

simonyi.ox.ac.uk

Dawkins, Richard (1997), "Human chauvinism", Evolution, 51 (3): 1015–1020, doi:10.2307/2411179, JSTOR 2411179, S2CID 87940833, archived from the original on June 1, 2008.

pdf-archive.com

Gould, S.J. (1992). "Male Nipples and Clitoral Ripples". Archived September 22, 2019, at the Wayback Machine In Bully for Brontosaurus: Further Reflections in Natural History. New York: W. W. Norton. pp. 124–138.

philpapers.org

Kaplan; Michael, Jonathan; Pigliucci, Massimo; Alexander Banta, Joshua (2015). "Gould on Morton, Redux: What can the debate reveal about the limits of data?" (PDF). Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences. 30: 1–10. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 10, 2015. Retrieved April 28, 2015.

plos.org

journals.plos.org

Mitchell, P.W. (2018). "The fault in his seeds: Lost notes to the case of bias in Samuel George Morton's cranial race science." Public Library of Science Biology 16 (10): e2007008.

pointofinquiry.org

Grothe, D. J. (December 11, 2005). "Paul Kurtz – Science and Religion: Are They Compatible?". Point of Inquiry Podcast. Center for Inquiry. Archived from the original on February 1, 2014. Retrieved January 18, 2014.

psychologytoday.com

"Fraud in the Imputation of Fraud | Psychology Today". psychologytoday.com. Retrieved January 24, 2022.

reed.edu

academic.reed.edu

Mayr, Ernst (March 1983). "How to Carry Out the Adaptationist Program?" (PDF). The American Naturalist. 121 (3): 324–334. doi:10.1086/284064. S2CID 3937726.

sagepub.com

journals.sagepub.com

Humphreys, Lloyd (Autumn 1983). "The Mismeasure of Man". American Journal of Psychology. 96 (3): 407–416. doi:10.2307/1422323. JSTOR 1422323. Retrieved December 30, 2022.

samharris.org

In a January 25, 2001 interview for BBC Radio 4 Gould stated, "Atheists can be highly moral people, I trust. I am myself." (27m:37s); Biologist Jerry Coyne—who had Gould on his thesis committee—described him as a "diehard atheist if there ever was one." (Sam Harris 2015. "Faith vs. Fact: An Interview with Jerry Coyne." Archived October 6, 2015, at the Wayback Machine May 19. [12m:22s] samharris.org.) Gould's close friend Oliver Sacks labeled Gould a "Jewish atheist". (Oliver Sacks 2006. "Introduction." The Richness of Life. W. W. Norton, p. 8.)

scholar.google.com

Google Scholar. https://scholar.google.com. Retrieved on June 12, 2011.

sciencedirect.com

Korb, Kevin B. (August 1994). "Stephen Jay Gould on intelligence". Cognition. 52 (2): 111–123. doi:10.1016/0010-0277(94)90064-7. PMID 7924200. S2CID 10514854. Retrieved December 30, 2022.

selfdefinition.org

Gould S. J. (1996). The Mismeasure of Man: Revised and Expanded Edition. Archived November 29, 2015, at the Wayback Machine New York: W. W. Norton & Co., p. 36. ISBN 0-14-025824-8

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Shermer, Michael (2002), "This View of Science" (PDF), Social Studies of Science, 32 (4): 489–525, doi:10.1177/0306312702032004001, PMID 12503565, S2CID 220879229.
Maynard Smith, John (1984), "Paleontology at the high table", Nature, 309 (5967): 401–402, Bibcode:1984Natur.309..401S, doi:10.1038/309401a0, S2CID 31031206.
Gould, S. J.; Lewontin, Richard (1979). "The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme". Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 205 (1161): 581–98. Bibcode:1979RSPSB.205..581G. doi:10.1098/rspb.1979.0086. PMID 42062. S2CID 2129408. for background see Gould's "The Pattern of Life's History" Archived April 14, 2015, at the Wayback Machine in John Brockman The Third Culture Archived January 30, 2016, at the Wayback Machine. New York: Simon & Schuster. 1996, pp. 52–64. ISBN 0-684-82344-6.
Gould, S. J.; Vrba, E. (1982), "Exaptation—a missing term in the science of form" (PDF), Paleobiology, 8 (1): 4–15, Bibcode:1982Pbio....8....4G, doi:10.1017/S0094837300004310, S2CID 86436132.
Mayr, Ernst (March 1983). "How to Carry Out the Adaptationist Program?" (PDF). The American Naturalist. 121 (3): 324–334. doi:10.1086/284064. S2CID 3937726.
Dawkins, Richard (1997), "Human chauvinism", Evolution, 51 (3): 1015–1020, doi:10.2307/2411179, JSTOR 2411179, S2CID 87940833, archived from the original on June 1, 2008.
Shermer, Michael (2002), "This View of Science" (PDF), Social Studies of Science, 32 (4): 518, doi:10.1177/0306312702032004001, PMID 12503565, S2CID 220879229.
Briggs, Derek; Fortey, Richard (2005). "Wonderful Strife: systematics, stem groups, and the phylogenetic signal of the Cambrian radiation" (PDF). Paleobiology. 31 (2): 94–112. doi:10.1666/0094-8373(2005)031[0094:WSSSGA]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 44066226. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 12, 2016. Retrieved June 17, 2016. Abstract
Korb, Kevin B. (August 1994). "Stephen Jay Gould on intelligence". Cognition. 52 (2): 111–123. doi:10.1016/0010-0277(94)90064-7. PMID 7924200. S2CID 10514854. Retrieved December 30, 2022.

skeptic.com

shop.skeptic.com

Prothero, Donald. "Skeptic Festschrift lecture for Stephen Jay Gould". Skeptic.com. Skeptic Society. Archived from the original on July 7, 2015. Retrieved July 6, 2015.

skepticfiles.org

Blinkhorn, Steve (1982). "What Skulduggery?" Archived November 23, 2015, at the Wayback Machine Nature 296 (April 8): 506.

stephenjaygould.org

Shermer, Michael (2002), "This View of Science" (PDF), Social Studies of Science, 32 (4): 489–525, doi:10.1177/0306312702032004001, PMID 12503565, S2CID 220879229.
Green, Michelle (1986). "Stephen Jay Gould: driven by a hunger to learn and to write". People 25 (June 2): 109–114.
Milner, Richard (1990). The Encyclopedia of Evolution. NY: Facts on File, p. 198.
Gould, S. J. (2000). "The True Embodiment of Everything That's Excellent: The Strange Adventure of Gilbert and Sullivan". The American Scholar. 69 (20): 35–49. Archived from the original on April 30, 2019. Retrieved August 11, 2016.
Bakalar, James and Lester Grinspoon (1997). Marihuana, the Forbidden Medicine. New Haven: Yale University Press, pp. 39–41. Archived November 26, 2015, at the Wayback Machine
Maynard Smith, John (1984), "Paleontology at the high table", Nature, 309 (5967): 401–402, Bibcode:1984Natur.309..401S, doi:10.1038/309401a0, S2CID 31031206.
Mayr, Ernst (1992). "Speciational Evolution or Punctuated Equilibria". In Steven Peterson and Albert Somit. The Dynamics of Evolution. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, pp. 21–48. ISBN 0-8014-9763-9.
Wolpert, Lewis and Alison Richards (1998). A Passion For Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 139–152. Archived September 24, 2015, at the Wayback Machine ISBN 0-19-854212-7.
Shermer, Michael (2002), "This View of Science" (PDF), Social Studies of Science, 32 (4): 518, doi:10.1177/0306312702032004001, PMID 12503565, S2CID 220879229.
Gould, S. J. (1982). "Nonmoral Nature". Archived November 17, 2015, at the Wayback Machine Natural History 91 (Feb.): 19–26.
Gould, S. J. (1981). "Evolution as fact and theory". Discover 2 (May): 34–37.
Fox. The Simpsons. "Lisa the Skeptic", November 23, 1997. Audio clip.
Shermer, Michael (2002). "This View of Science". Social Studies of Science 32 (4): 518.
"Awards include a National Book Award for The Panda's Thumb, a National Book Critics Circle Award for The Mismeasure of Man, the Phi Beta Kappa Book Award for Hen's Teeth and Horse's Toes, and a Pulitzer Prize Finalist for Wonderful Life, on which Gould commented "close but, as they say, no cigar." Forty-four honorary degrees and 66 major fellowships, medals, and awards bear witness to the depth and scope of his accomplishments in both the sciences and humanities: Member of the National Academy of Sciences, President and Fellow of AAAS, MacArthur Foundation 'genius' Fellowship (in the first group of awardees), Humanist Laureate from the Academy of Humanism, Fellow of the Linnean Society of London, Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, Fellow of the European Union of Geosciences, Associate of the Muséum National D'Histoire Naturelle Paris, the Schuchert Award for excellence in paleontological research, Scientist of the Year from Discover magazine, the Silver Medal from the Zoological Society of London, the Gold Medal for Service to Zoology from the Linnean Society of London, the Edinburgh Medal from the City of Edinburgh, the Britannica Award and Gold Medal for dissemination of public knowledge, Public Service Award from the Geological Society of America, Anthropology in Media Award from the American Anthropological Association, Distinguished Service Award from the National Association of Biology Teachers, Distinguished Scientist Award from UCLA, the Randi Award for Skeptic of the Year from the Skeptics Society, and a Festschrift in his honour at Caltech."
These are the first two paragraphs, with notes, from an unpublished "Letter to the Editor of The New York Review of Books" by Leda Cosmides and John Tooby (July 7, 1997). They wrote in comment on two NYRB articles by Gould (June 12 and 26).
John Maynard Smith, one of the world's leading evolutionary biologists, recently summarized in the NYRB the sharply conflicting assessments of Stephen Jay Gould: "Because of the excellence of his essays, he has come to be seen by non-biologists as the pre-eminent evolutionary theorist. In contrast, the evolutionary biologists with whom I have discussed his work tend to see him as a man whose ideas are so confused as to be hardly worth bothering with, but as one who should not be publicly criticized because he is at least on our side against the creationists." (NYRB, November 30, 1995, p. 46). No one can take any pleasure in the evident pain Gould is experiencing now that his actual standing within the community of professional evolutionary biologists is finally becoming more widely known. If what was a stake was solely one man's self-regard, common decency would preclude comment.

But as Maynard Smith points out, more is at stake. Gould "is giving non-biologists a largely false picture of the state of evolutionary theory"—or as Ernst Mayr says of Gould and his small group of allies—they "quite conspicuously misrepresent the views of [biology's] leading spokesmen."^[1] Indeed, although Gould characterizes his critics as "anonymous" and "a tiny coterie," nearly every major evolutionary biologist of our era has weighed in a vain attempt to correct the tangle of confusions that the higher profile Gould has inundated the intellectual world with.^[2] The point is not that Gould is the object of some criticism—so properly are we all—it is that his reputation as a credible and balanced authority about evolutionary biology is non-existent among those who are in a professional position to know.

1.^ Mayr, Ernst (1988) Toward a new philosophy of biology. Harvard University Press, pp. 534-535.

2.^ These include Ernst Mayr, John Maynard Smith, George Williams, Bill Hamilton, Richard Dawkins, E.O. Wilson, Tim Clutton-Brock, Paul Harvey, Brian Charlesworth, Jerry Coyne, Robert Trivers, John Alcock, Randy Thornhill, and many others.
Note: Where Tooby and Cosmides quote Ernst Mayr, Mayr does not mention Gould by name, but is speaking generally of the critics of the Neo-Darwinian Synthesis. Also, the list of major biologists provided by Tooby and Cosmides may not be fairly represented. E.g., Mayr, Williams, Dawkins, and Coyne have expressed public admiration for Gould as a scientist.
In the first of his two articles that provoked Tooby and Cosmides, Gould had commented on the November 1995 review of his work by Maynard Smith: Gould, "Darwinian Fundamentalism", New York Review of Books 44 (June 12, 1997): 34–37.
A false fact can be refuted, a false argument exposed; but how can one respond to a purely ad hominem attack? This harder, and altogether more discouraging, task may best be achieved by exposing internal inconsistency and unfairness of rhetoric.
[quotation of Smith's criticism of Gould, November 1995 NYRB]

It seems futile to reply to an attack so empty of content, and based only on comments by anonymous critics; [...] Instead of responding to Maynard Smith's attack against my integrity and scholarship, citing people unknown and with arguments unmentioned, let me, instead, merely remind him of the blatant inconsistency between his admirable past and lamentable present. Some sixteen years ago he wrote a highly critical but wonderfully supportive review of my early book of essays, The Panda's Thumb, stating: "I hope it will be obvious that my wish to argue with Gould is a compliment, not a criticism." He then attended my series of Tanner Lectures at Cambridge in 1984 and wrote in a report for Nature, and under the remarkable title "Paleontology at the High Table," the kindest and most supportive critical commentary I have ever received. He argued that the work of a small group of American paleobiologists had brought the entire subject back to theoretical centrality within the evolutionary sciences. [...]

So we face the enigma of a man who has written numerous articles, amounting to tens of thousands of words, about my work—always strongly and incisively critical, always richly informed (and always, I might add, enormously appreciated by me). But now Maynard Smith needs to canvass unnamed colleagues to find out that my ideas are "hardly worth bothering with". He really ought to be asking himself why he has been bothering about my work so intensely, and for so many years.
Conway Morris, S.; Gould, S. J. (1998). "Showdown on the Burgess Shale". Natural History. 107: 48–55. Archived from the original on December 10, 2010. Retrieved January 4, 2006.
Gould, S. J. (1997). "Evolution: The pleasures of pluralism". Archived November 10, 2016, at the Wayback Machine The New York Review of Books 44 (June 26): 47–52.

thecrimson.com

Titus, Janet (1983). "Safety Precautions for Asbestos Taken at MCZ." The Harvard Crimson January 24.
"Gould Suggests Darwin Revisions | Sports | The Harvard Crimson". thecrimson.com. Retrieved September 21, 2023.

thedivineconspiracy.org

Allen, Warren (2008). "The Structure of Gould". Archived March 28, 2016, at the Wayback Machine In Warren Allen et al. Stephen Jay Gould: Reflections on His View of Life. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 24, 59.

theguardian.com

Rose, Steve (2002). Obituary: Stephen Jay Gould. The Guardian May 22.
Jones, Steve (2002). "Stephen Jay Gould." The Guardian (May 22).

uantwerpen.be

uahost.uantwerpen.be

Gould, S. J. (1991). "The disparity of the Burgess Shale arthropod fauna and the limits of cladistic analysis". Archived January 27, 2018, at the Wayback Machine Paleobiology 17 (October): 411–423.

ucla.edu

cogweb.ucla.edu

These are the first two paragraphs, with notes, from an unpublished "Letter to the Editor of The New York Review of Books" by Leda Cosmides and John Tooby (July 7, 1997). They wrote in comment on two NYRB articles by Gould (June 12 and 26).
John Maynard Smith, one of the world's leading evolutionary biologists, recently summarized in the NYRB the sharply conflicting assessments of Stephen Jay Gould: "Because of the excellence of his essays, he has come to be seen by non-biologists as the pre-eminent evolutionary theorist. In contrast, the evolutionary biologists with whom I have discussed his work tend to see him as a man whose ideas are so confused as to be hardly worth bothering with, but as one who should not be publicly criticized because he is at least on our side against the creationists." (NYRB, November 30, 1995, p. 46). No one can take any pleasure in the evident pain Gould is experiencing now that his actual standing within the community of professional evolutionary biologists is finally becoming more widely known. If what was a stake was solely one man's self-regard, common decency would preclude comment.

But as Maynard Smith points out, more is at stake. Gould "is giving non-biologists a largely false picture of the state of evolutionary theory"—or as Ernst Mayr says of Gould and his small group of allies—they "quite conspicuously misrepresent the views of [biology's] leading spokesmen."^[1] Indeed, although Gould characterizes his critics as "anonymous" and "a tiny coterie," nearly every major evolutionary biologist of our era has weighed in a vain attempt to correct the tangle of confusions that the higher profile Gould has inundated the intellectual world with.^[2] The point is not that Gould is the object of some criticism—so properly are we all—it is that his reputation as a credible and balanced authority about evolutionary biology is non-existent among those who are in a professional position to know.

1.^ Mayr, Ernst (1988) Toward a new philosophy of biology. Harvard University Press, pp. 534-535.

2.^ These include Ernst Mayr, John Maynard Smith, George Williams, Bill Hamilton, Richard Dawkins, E.O. Wilson, Tim Clutton-Brock, Paul Harvey, Brian Charlesworth, Jerry Coyne, Robert Trivers, John Alcock, Randy Thornhill, and many others.
Note: Where Tooby and Cosmides quote Ernst Mayr, Mayr does not mention Gould by name, but is speaking generally of the critics of the Neo-Darwinian Synthesis. Also, the list of major biologists provided by Tooby and Cosmides may not be fairly represented. E.g., Mayr, Williams, Dawkins, and Coyne have expressed public admiration for Gould as a scientist.
In the first of his two articles that provoked Tooby and Cosmides, Gould had commented on the November 1995 review of his work by Maynard Smith: Gould, "Darwinian Fundamentalism", New York Review of Books 44 (June 12, 1997): 34–37.
A false fact can be refuted, a false argument exposed; but how can one respond to a purely ad hominem attack? This harder, and altogether more discouraging, task may best be achieved by exposing internal inconsistency and unfairness of rhetoric.
[quotation of Smith's criticism of Gould, November 1995 NYRB]

It seems futile to reply to an attack so empty of content, and based only on comments by anonymous critics; [...] Instead of responding to Maynard Smith's attack against my integrity and scholarship, citing people unknown and with arguments unmentioned, let me, instead, merely remind him of the blatant inconsistency between his admirable past and lamentable present. Some sixteen years ago he wrote a highly critical but wonderfully supportive review of my early book of essays, The Panda's Thumb, stating: "I hope it will be obvious that my wish to argue with Gould is a compliment, not a criticism." He then attended my series of Tanner Lectures at Cambridge in 1984 and wrote in a report for Nature, and under the remarkable title "Paleontology at the High Table," the kindest and most supportive critical commentary I have ever received. He argued that the work of a small group of American paleobiologists had brought the entire subject back to theoretical centrality within the evolutionary sciences. [...]

So we face the enigma of a man who has written numerous articles, amounting to tens of thousands of words, about my work—always strongly and incisively critical, always richly informed (and always, I might add, enormously appreciated by me). But now Maynard Smith needs to canvass unnamed colleagues to find out that my ideas are "hardly worth bothering with". He really ought to be asking himself why he has been bothering about my work so intensely, and for so many years.

uv.mx

Mark, Robert (1996). "Architecture and Evolution" American Scientist (July–August): 383-389.

web.archive.org

Gould, S. J. (1997). "Nonoverlapping magisteria." Archived June 15, 2021, at the Wayback Machine Natural History 106 (March): 16–22.
In a January 25, 2001 interview for BBC Radio 4 Gould stated, "Atheists can be highly moral people, I trust. I am myself." (27m:37s); Biologist Jerry Coyne—who had Gould on his thesis committee—described him as a "diehard atheist if there ever was one." (Sam Harris 2015. "Faith vs. Fact: An Interview with Jerry Coyne." Archived October 6, 2015, at the Wayback Machine May 19. [12m:22s] samharris.org.) Gould's close friend Oliver Sacks labeled Gould a "Jewish atheist". (Oliver Sacks 2006. "Introduction." The Richness of Life. W. W. Norton, p. 8.)
Gould, S. J. (1995). "The Pattern of Life's History." Archived April 30, 2019, at the Wayback Machine In John Brockman (ed.) The Third Culture Archived April 30, 2019, at the Wayback Machine. New York: Simon & Schuster, p. 60.
Gasper, Phil (2002). "Stephen Jay Gould: Archived November 24, 2015, at the Wayback Machine Dialectical Biologist". International Socialist Review 24 (July–August).
Lewontin, Richard and Richard Levins (2002). "Stephen Jay Gould—what does it mean to be a radical?" Archived March 17, 2011, at the Wayback Machine Monthly Review 54 (Nov. 1).
Gould, S. J. (2000). "The True Embodiment of Everything That's Excellent: The Strange Adventure of Gilbert and Sullivan". The American Scholar. 69 (20): 35–49. Archived from the original on April 30, 2019. Retrieved August 11, 2016.
Bakalar, James and Lester Grinspoon (1997). Marihuana, the Forbidden Medicine. New Haven: Yale University Press, pp. 39–41. Archived November 26, 2015, at the Wayback Machine
Harvard News Office (2002). "Paleontologist, author Gould dies at 60". The Harvard Gazette. (May 20). Retrieved on June 4, 2009.
Krementz, Jill (2002). "Jill Krementz Photo Journal". New York Social Diary. Retrieved on June 4, 2009.
Allen, Warren (2008). "The Structure of Gould". Archived March 28, 2016, at the Wayback Machine In Warren Allen et al. Stephen Jay Gould: Reflections on His View of Life. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 24, 59.
Cooper, E. and D. Amber (1997). "Stephen Jay Gould Voted President-Elect of AAAS." AAAS News.
Eldredge, Niles (1971). "The Allopatric Model and Phylogeny in Paleozoic Invertebrates." Archived June 30, 2016, at the Wayback Machine Evolution Vol. 25, No. 1 (Mar. 1971), pp. 156–167.
Dawkins, Richard (1999). The Extended Phenotype, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, p. 101. Archived August 8, 2020, at the Wayback Machine, ISBN 0-19-288051-9.
Gould, S. J.; Lewontin, Richard (1979). "The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme". Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci. 205 (1161): 581–98. Bibcode:1979RSPSB.205..581G. doi:10.1098/rspb.1979.0086. PMID 42062. S2CID 2129408. for background see Gould's "The Pattern of Life's History" Archived April 14, 2015, at the Wayback Machine in John Brockman The Third Culture Archived January 30, 2016, at the Wayback Machine. New York: Simon & Schuster. 1996, pp. 52–64. ISBN 0-684-82344-6.
Gould, S.J. (1992). "Male Nipples and Clitoral Ripples". Archived September 22, 2019, at the Wayback Machine In Bully for Brontosaurus: Further Reflections in Natural History. New York: W. W. Norton. pp. 124–138.
Dawkins, Richard (1997), "Human chauvinism", Evolution, 51 (3): 1015–1020, doi:10.2307/2411179, JSTOR 2411179, S2CID 87940833, archived from the original on June 1, 2008.
Gould, S. J. (1991). "The disparity of the Burgess Shale arthropod fauna and the limits of cladistic analysis". Archived January 27, 2018, at the Wayback Machine Paleobiology 17 (October): 411–423.
Wolpert, Lewis and Alison Richards (1998). A Passion For Science. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 139–152. Archived September 24, 2015, at the Wayback Machine ISBN 0-19-854212-7.
Prothero, Donald. "Skeptic Festschrift lecture for Stephen Jay Gould". Skeptic.com. Skeptic Society. Archived from the original on July 7, 2015. Retrieved July 6, 2015.
Gould, S. J. (1982). "Nonmoral Nature". Archived November 17, 2015, at the Wayback Machine Natural History 91 (Feb.): 19–26.
"The Pantheon of Skeptics". CSI. Committee for Skeptical Inquiry. Archived from the original on January 31, 2017. Retrieved April 30, 2017.
"Advisory Council". ncse.com. National Center for Science Education. Archived from the original on August 10, 2013. Retrieved October 30, 2018.
Wright, Robert (1999). "The Accidental Creationist: Why Stephen J. Gould is bad for evolution". Archived November 5, 2009, at the Wayback Machine The New Yorker 75 (Dec. 13): 56–65.
Conway Morris, S.; Gould, S. J. (1998). "Showdown on the Burgess Shale". Natural History. 107: 48–55. Archived from the original on December 10, 2010. Retrieved January 4, 2006.
Fortey, Richard (1998). "Shock Lobsters". Archived August 23, 2009, at the Wayback Machine London Review of Books 20 (Oct. 1).
Briggs, Derek; Fortey, Richard (2005). "Wonderful Strife: systematics, stem groups, and the phylogenetic signal of the Cambrian radiation" (PDF). Paleobiology. 31 (2): 94–112. doi:10.1666/0094-8373(2005)031[0094:WSSSGA]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 44066226. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 12, 2016. Retrieved June 17, 2016. Abstract
Gould, S. J. (1997). "Evolution: The pleasures of pluralism". Archived November 10, 2016, at the Wayback Machine The New York Review of Books 44 (June 26): 47–52.
Gould S. J. (1996). The Mismeasure of Man: Revised and Expanded Edition. Archived November 29, 2015, at the Wayback Machine New York: W. W. Norton & Co., p. 36. ISBN 0-14-025824-8
Gould, S. J. (1992). "Biological potentiality vs. biological determinism". Archived October 16, 2021, at the Wayback Machine In Ever Since Darwin. New York: W. W. Norton & Co., pp. 251–259.
Blinkhorn, Steve (1982). "What Skulduggery?" Archived November 23, 2015, at the Wayback Machine Nature 296 (April 8): 506.
Gould, S. J. (1978). "Morton's Ranking of Races by Cranial Capacity." Archived November 17, 2015, at the Wayback Machine Science 200 (May 5): 503–509.
Kaplan; Michael, Jonathan; Pigliucci, Massimo; Alexander Banta, Joshua (2015). "Gould on Morton, Redux: What can the debate reveal about the limits of data?" (PDF). Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences. 30: 1–10. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 10, 2015. Retrieved April 28, 2015.
Grothe, D. J. (December 11, 2005). "Paul Kurtz – Science and Religion: Are They Compatible?". Point of Inquiry Podcast. Center for Inquiry. Archived from the original on February 1, 2014. Retrieved January 18, 2014.

wikipedia.org

en.wikipedia.org

These are the first two paragraphs, with notes, from an unpublished "Letter to the Editor of The New York Review of Books" by Leda Cosmides and John Tooby (July 7, 1997). They wrote in comment on two NYRB articles by Gould (June 12 and 26).
John Maynard Smith, one of the world's leading evolutionary biologists, recently summarized in the NYRB the sharply conflicting assessments of Stephen Jay Gould: "Because of the excellence of his essays, he has come to be seen by non-biologists as the pre-eminent evolutionary theorist. In contrast, the evolutionary biologists with whom I have discussed his work tend to see him as a man whose ideas are so confused as to be hardly worth bothering with, but as one who should not be publicly criticized because he is at least on our side against the creationists." (NYRB, November 30, 1995, p. 46). No one can take any pleasure in the evident pain Gould is experiencing now that his actual standing within the community of professional evolutionary biologists is finally becoming more widely known. If what was a stake was solely one man's self-regard, common decency would preclude comment.

But as Maynard Smith points out, more is at stake. Gould "is giving non-biologists a largely false picture of the state of evolutionary theory"—or as Ernst Mayr says of Gould and his small group of allies—they "quite conspicuously misrepresent the views of [biology's] leading spokesmen."^[1] Indeed, although Gould characterizes his critics as "anonymous" and "a tiny coterie," nearly every major evolutionary biologist of our era has weighed in a vain attempt to correct the tangle of confusions that the higher profile Gould has inundated the intellectual world with.^[2] The point is not that Gould is the object of some criticism—so properly are we all—it is that his reputation as a credible and balanced authority about evolutionary biology is non-existent among those who are in a professional position to know.

1.^ Mayr, Ernst (1988) Toward a new philosophy of biology. Harvard University Press, pp. 534-535.

2.^ These include Ernst Mayr, John Maynard Smith, George Williams, Bill Hamilton, Richard Dawkins, E.O. Wilson, Tim Clutton-Brock, Paul Harvey, Brian Charlesworth, Jerry Coyne, Robert Trivers, John Alcock, Randy Thornhill, and many others.
Note: Where Tooby and Cosmides quote Ernst Mayr, Mayr does not mention Gould by name, but is speaking generally of the critics of the Neo-Darwinian Synthesis. Also, the list of major biologists provided by Tooby and Cosmides may not be fairly represented. E.g., Mayr, Williams, Dawkins, and Coyne have expressed public admiration for Gould as a scientist.
In the first of his two articles that provoked Tooby and Cosmides, Gould had commented on the November 1995 review of his work by Maynard Smith: Gould, "Darwinian Fundamentalism", New York Review of Books 44 (June 12, 1997): 34–37.
A false fact can be refuted, a false argument exposed; but how can one respond to a purely ad hominem attack? This harder, and altogether more discouraging, task may best be achieved by exposing internal inconsistency and unfairness of rhetoric.
[quotation of Smith's criticism of Gould, November 1995 NYRB]

It seems futile to reply to an attack so empty of content, and based only on comments by anonymous critics; [...] Instead of responding to Maynard Smith's attack against my integrity and scholarship, citing people unknown and with arguments unmentioned, let me, instead, merely remind him of the blatant inconsistency between his admirable past and lamentable present. Some sixteen years ago he wrote a highly critical but wonderfully supportive review of my early book of essays, The Panda's Thumb, stating: "I hope it will be obvious that my wish to argue with Gould is a compliment, not a criticism." He then attended my series of Tanner Lectures at Cambridge in 1984 and wrote in a report for Nature, and under the remarkable title "Paleontology at the High Table," the kindest and most supportive critical commentary I have ever received. He argued that the work of a small group of American paleobiologists had brought the entire subject back to theoretical centrality within the evolutionary sciences. [...]

So we face the enigma of a man who has written numerous articles, amounting to tens of thousands of words, about my work—always strongly and incisively critical, always richly informed (and always, I might add, enormously appreciated by me). But now Maynard Smith needs to canvass unnamed colleagues to find out that my ideas are "hardly worth bothering with". He really ought to be asking himself why he has been bothering about my work so intensely, and for so many years.

worldcat.org

Lloyd, Elisabeth Anne (2005). The Case of The Female Orgasm: Bias in the science of evolution. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. p. ^{[page needed]}. ISBN 978-0-674-04030-4. OCLC 432675780 – via Internet Archive.

youtube.com

de Mythe, Johannes (2000). Van de Schoonheid en de Troost. Episode 13. Hilversum, Netherlands.
Kayzer, Wim (1993) Een schitterend ongeluk.. Netherlands: VPRO. See also Oliver Sacks (2007). Forward. In Steven Rose, ed. The Richness of Life. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, p. xi.