Strabismus (English Wikipedia)

"Adult Strabismus Surgery – 2013". ONE Network. American Association of Ophthalmology. April 2013. Archived from the original on September 7, 2014. Retrieved September 6, 2014.

aao.org

Rohit S, Dhiman R (December 28, 2020). "Pattern strabismus". aao.org. American Academy of Ophthalmology. Retrieved August 30, 2026.

allaboutvision.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Strabismus". All About Vision. Access Media Group. Archived from the original on September 16, 2014.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Brown L (1993). The New shorter Oxford English dictionary on historical principles. Oxford: Clarendon. pp. Strabismus. ISBN 978-0-19-861271-1.
Rubin ML, Winograd LA (2003). "Crossed Eyes (Strabismus): Did you really understand what your eye doctor told you?". Taking Care of Your Eyes: A Collection of the Patient Education Handouts Used by America's Leading Eye Doctors. Triad Communications. ISBN 978-0-937404-61-4.

archives-ouvertes.fr (Global: 1,143^rd place; English: 973^rd place)

hal.archives-ouvertes.fr

Durnian JM, Noonan CP, Marsh IB (April 2011). "The psychosocial effects of adult strabismus: a review" (PDF). The British Journal of Ophthalmology. 95 (4): 450–3. doi:10.1136/bjo.2010.188425. PMID 20852320. S2CID 206870079.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Rosenbaum AL, Santiago AP (1999). Clinical Strabismus Management: Principles and Surgical Techniques. David Hunter. pp. 193–194. ISBN 978-0-7216-7673-9. Archived from the original on May 6, 2016. Retrieved June 21, 2016 – via Google Books.
Wright KW, Spiegel PH (January 2003). Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 155. ISBN 978-0-387-95478-3. Archived from the original on May 7, 2016 – via Google Books.

britannica.com (Global: 37^th place; English: 64^th place)

Albert DM, Perkins ES, Gamm DM (March 24, 2017). "Eye disease". Encyclopædia Britannica. Strabismus (squint). Archived from the original on March 16, 2017.

city.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: 7,767^th place)

openaccess.city.ac.uk

MacKenzie K, Hancox J, McBain H, Ezra DG, Adams G, Newman S (May 2016). "Psychosocial interventions for improving quality of life outcomes in adults undergoing strabismus surgery" (PDF). The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2016 (5) CD010092. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010092.pub4. PMC 9250695. PMID 27171652.

consultantlive.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Nield LS, Mangano LM (April 2009). "Strabismus: What to Tell Parents and When to Consider Surgery". Consultant. 49 (4). Archived from the original on April 14, 2009.

cureus.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Leffler CT, Varrone E, Paruchuri SS, Phan C (September 2, 2026). "The Optimal Surgical Strategy and Dose for Esotropia". Cureus. 18 (9). Cureus. doi:10.7759/cureus.115667. ISSN 2168-8184.

dictionary.com (Global: 1,672^nd place; English: 1,248^th place)

"the definition of squint". Dictionary.com. Retrieved July 20, 2016.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Gunton KB, Wasserman BN, DeBenedictis C (September 2015). "Strabismus". Primary Care. 42 (3): 393–407. doi:10.1016/j.pop.2015.05.006. PMID 26319345.
Merino Sanz P, Del Cerro Pérez I, Alan Peinado G, Gómez de Liaño Sánchez P (March 2019). "Causes and surgical treatment of diplopia and strabismus secondary to myasthenia gravis". Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia. 94 (3): 107–113. doi:10.1016/j.oftal.2018.11.007. PMID 30580990.
Maeda M, Shimomura H, Tokunaga S, Taniguchi N, Lee T, Takeshima Y (May 2024). "Clinical Characteristics and Treatment of Juvenile Myasthenia Gravis-A Single-Center Experience". Children. 11 (5): 572. doi:10.3390/children11050572. PMC 11120409. PMID 38790567.
Satterfield D, Keltner JL, Morrison TL (August 1993). "Psychosocial aspects of strabismus study". Archives of Ophthalmology. 111 (8): 1100–5. doi:10.1001/archopht.1993.01090080096024. PMID 8166786.
Olitsky SE, Sudesh S, Graziano A, Hamblen J, Brooks SE, Shaha SH (August 1999). "The negative psychosocial impact of strabismus in adults". Journal of AAPOS. 3 (4): 209–11. doi:10.1016/S1091-8531(99)70004-2. PMID 10477222.
Uretmen O, Egrilmez S, Kose S, Pamukçu K, Akkin C, Palamar M (April 2003). "Negative social bias against children with strabismus". Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica. 81 (2): 138–42. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0420.2003.00024.x. PMID 12752051.
See peer discussion in: Mets MB, Beauchamp C, Haldi BA (2003). "Binocularity following surgical correction of strabismus in adults". Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society. 101 (5): 201–5, discussion 205–7. doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2004.07.003. PMC 1358989. PMID 14971578.
Estes, K. J., Parrish, R. K., Sinacore, J., Mumby, P. B., & McDonnell, J. F. (2020). Effects of corrective strabismus surgery on social anxiety and self-consciousness in adults. Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, 24(5), 280.e1–280.e4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaapos.2020.05.017
Tonge BJ, Lipton GL, Crawford G (March 1984). "Psychological and educational correlates of strabismus in school children". The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry. 18 (1): 71–7. doi:10.3109/00048678409161038. PMID 6590030. S2CID 42734067.
Mohney BG, McKenzie JA, Capo JA, Nusz KJ, Mrazek D, Diehl NN (November 2008). "Mental illness in young adults who had strabismus as children". Pediatrics. 122 (5): 1033–8. doi:10.1542/peds.2007-3484. PMC 2762944. PMID 18977984.
Mojon-Azzi SM, Mojon DS (November 2009). "Strabismus and employment: the opinion of headhunters". Acta Ophthalmologica. 87 (7): 784–8. doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2008.01352.x. PMID 18976309.
Mojon-Azzi SM, Mojon DS (October 2007). "Opinion of headhunters about the ability of strabismic subjects to obtain employment". Ophthalmologica. Journal International d'Ophtalmologie. International Journal of Ophthalmology. Zeitschrift für Augenheilkunde. 221 (6): 430–3. doi:10.1159/000107506. PMID 17947833. S2CID 29398388.
Mojon-Azzi SM, Kunz A, Mojon DS (May 2011). "The perception of strabismus by children and adults". Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv für Klinische und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie. 249 (5): 753–7. doi:10.1007/s00417-010-1555-y. PMID 21063886. S2CID 10989351.
Burke JP, Leach CM, Davis H (May 1997). "Psychosocial implications of strabismus surgery in adults". Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. 34 (3): 159–64. doi:10.3928/0191-3913-19970501-06. PMID 9168420.
Durnian JM, Noonan CP, Marsh IB (April 2011). "The psychosocial effects of adult strabismus: a review" (PDF). The British Journal of Ophthalmology. 95 (4): 450–3. doi:10.1136/bjo.2010.188425. PMID 20852320. S2CID 206870079.
MacKenzie K, Hancox J, McBain H, Ezra DG, Adams G, Newman S (May 2016). "Psychosocial interventions for improving quality of life outcomes in adults undergoing strabismus surgery" (PDF). The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2016 (5) CD010092. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010092.pub4. PMC 9250695. PMID 27171652.
Adachi M, Kabasawa H, Kawaguchi E (May 2008). "Depiction of the cranial nerves within the brain stem with use of PROPELLER multishot diffusion-weighted imaging". AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 29 (5): 911–2. doi:10.3174/ajnr.A0957. PMC 8128587. PMID 18258705.
Traurig HH (February 6, 2008). Conn PM (ed.). Neuroscience in Medicine. Humana Press. pp. 247–269. doi:10.1007/978-1-60327-455-5_15 – via Springer Link.
Tychsen L (August 2012). "The cause of infantile strabismus lies upstairs in the cerebral cortex, not downstairs in the brainstem". Archives of Ophthalmology. 130 (8): 1060–1. doi:10.1001/archophthalmol.2012.1481. PMID 22893080.
Hull S, Tailor V, Balduzzi S, Rahi J, Schmucker C, Virgili G, Dahlmann-Noor A (November 6, 2017). "Tests for detecting strabismus in children aged 1 to 6 years in the community". Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2017 (11) CD011221. doi:10.1002/14651858.cd011221.pub2. ISSN 1465-1858. PMC 6486041. PMID 29105728.
Havertape SA, Cruz OA, Chu FC (November 2001). "Sensory strabismus--eso or exo?". Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. 38 (6): 327–30, quiz 354–5. doi:10.3928/0191-3913-20011101-05. PMID 11759769.
Havertape SA, Cruz OA (January 2001). "Sensory Strabismus: When Does it Happen and Which Way Do They Turn?". American Orthoptic Journal. 51 (1): 36–38. doi:10.3368/aoj.51.1.36. S2CID 71251248.
Martinez-Thompson JM, Diehl NN, Holmes JM, Mohney BG (April 2014). "Incidence, types, and lifetime risk of adult-onset strabismus". Ophthalmology. 121 (4): 877–82. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.10.030. PMC 4321874. PMID 24321142.
Gantz L, Millodot M, Roth GL (2020). "Analysis of Alphabet Patterns of Deviations Found in Patients Without Strabismus in Primary Position". Clinical Optometry. 12: 49–56. doi:10.2147/OPTO.S197783. PMC 7094002. PMID 32256138.
Engle EC (February 2007). "Genetic basis of congenital strabismus". Archives of Ophthalmology. 125 (2): 189–95. doi:10.1001/archopht.125.2.189. PMID 17296894.
Eskridge JB (October 1993). "Persistent diplopia associated with strabismus surgery". Optometry and Vision Science. 70 (10): 849–53. doi:10.1097/00006324-199310000-00013. PMID 8247489.
Astle WF, Rahmat J, Ingram AD, Huang PT (December 2007). "Laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy for anisometropic amblyopia in children: outcomes at 1 year". Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery. 33 (12): 2028–34. doi:10.1016/j.jcrs.2007.07.024. PMID 18053899. S2CID 1886316.
Jones-Jordan L, Wang X, Scherer RW, Mutti DO (April 2, 2020). "Spectacle correction versus no spectacles for prevention of strabismus in hyperopic children". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2020 (4) CD007738. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007738.pub3. ISSN 1469-493X. PMC 7117860. PMID 32240551.
Korah S, Philip S, Jasper S, Antonio-Santos A, Braganza A (October 2014). "Strabismus surgery before versus after completion of amblyopia therapy in children". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2014 (10) CD009272. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009272.pub2. PMC 4438561. PMID 25315969.
Leffler CT, Varrone E, Paruchuri SS, Phan C (September 2, 2026). "The Optimal Surgical Strategy and Dose for Esotropia". Cureus. 18 (9). Cureus. doi:10.7759/cureus.115667. ISSN 2168-8184.
Parikh RK, Leffler CT (July 2013). "Loop suture technique for optional adjustment in strabismus surgery". Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology. 20 (3): 225–8. doi:10.4103/0974-9233.114797. PMC 3757632. PMID 24014986.
Hassan S, Haridas A, Sundaram V (March 2018). Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group (ed.). "Adjustable versus non-adjustable sutures for strabismus". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2018 (3) CD004240. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004240.pub4. PMC 6494216. PMID 29527670.
Kowal L, Wong E, Yahalom C (December 2007). "Botulinum toxin in the treatment of strabismus. A review of its use and effects". Disability and Rehabilitation. 29 (23): 1823–31. doi:10.1080/09638280701568189. PMID 18033607. S2CID 19053824.
Thouvenin D, Lesage-Beaudon C, Arné JL (January 2008). "[Botulinum injection in infantile strabismus. Results and incidence on secondary surgery in a long-term survey of 74 cases treated before 36 months of age]" [Botulinum injection in infantile strabismus. Results and incidence on secondary surgery in a long-term survey of 74 cases treated before 36 months of age]. Journal Français d'Ophtalmologie (in French). 31 (1): 42–50. doi:10.1016/S0181-5512(08)70329-2. PMID 18401298. Archived from the original on November 5, 2017.
de Alba Campomanes AG, Binenbaum G, Campomanes Eguiarte G (April 2010). "Comparison of botulinum toxin with surgery as primary treatment for infantile esotropia". Journal of AAPOS. 14 (2): 111–6. doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2009.12.162. PMID 20451851.
Gursoy H, Basmak H, Sahin A, Yildirim N, Aydin Y, Colak E (June 2012). "Long-term follow-up of bilateral botulinum toxin injections versus bilateral recessions of the medial rectus muscles for treatment of infantile esotropia". Journal of AAPOS. 16 (3): 269–73. doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2012.01.010. PMID 22681945.
Rowe FJ, Noonan CP (February 15, 2012). Rowe FJ (ed.). "Botulinum toxin for the treatment of strabismus". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2) CD006499. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006499.pub3. ISSN 1469-493X. PMID 22336817.
Blake R, Crawford M (1974). "Development of strabismus in Siamese cats". Brain Research. 77 (3): 492–496. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(74)90637-4. ISSN 0006-8993. PMID 4851345.

em-consulte.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Thouvenin D, Lesage-Beaudon C, Arné JL (January 2008). "[Botulinum injection in infantile strabismus. Results and incidence on secondary surgery in a long-term survey of 74 cases treated before 36 months of age]" [Botulinum injection in infantile strabismus. Results and incidence on secondary surgery in a long-term survey of 74 cases treated before 36 months of age]. Journal Français d'Ophtalmologie (in French). 31 (1): 42–50. doi:10.1016/S0181-5512(08)70329-2. PMID 18401298. Archived from the original on November 5, 2017.

emjreviews.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Jackson S, Gleeson K (August 2013). "Living and coping with strabismus as an adult". European Medical Journal Ophthalmology. 1: 15–22. Archived from the original on June 21, 2017.

etymonline.com (Global: 669^th place; English: 670^th place)

Harper DR. "strabismus (n.)". Online Etymology Dictionary. Archived from the original on December 12, 2016. Retrieved October 2, 2016.

fda.gov (Global: 470^th place; English: 329^th place)

"Re: Docket No. FDA-2008-P-0061" (PDF). Food and Drug Administration. United States Department of Health and Human Services. April 30, 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 24, 2015. Retrieved April 6, 2014.

independent.ie (Global: 324^th place; English: 162^nd place)

John Spain, "Pearse's heroic sideways pose? He did it to hide embarrassing squint" Archived 20 December 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Irish Independent, 24 August 2013

mayoclinic.org (Global: 2,191^st place; English: 1,798^th place)

"Strabismus: The importance of timely, specialized care". Mayo Clinic. January 18, 2019. Retrieved May 2, 2026.

medlineplus.gov (Global: 1,521^st place; English: 1,017^th place)

"Strabismus". MedlinePlus Encyclopedia. US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. Archived from the original on March 27, 2013. Retrieved April 5, 2013.

medscape.com (Global: 1,078^th place; English: 916^th place)

emedicine.medscape.com

Plotnik JL, Bartiss MJ (October 13, 2015). "A-Pattern Esotropia and Exotropia". Medscape. Archived from the original on September 8, 2014. Retrieved September 8, 2014.

merckmanuals.com (Global: 4,016^th place; English: 3,703^rd place)

"Craniocervical Junction Abnormalities - Neurologic Disorders". Merck Manuals Professional Edition.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Gunton KB, Wasserman BN, DeBenedictis C (September 2015). "Strabismus". Primary Care. 42 (3): 393–407. doi:10.1016/j.pop.2015.05.006. PMID 26319345.
Merino Sanz P, Del Cerro Pérez I, Alan Peinado G, Gómez de Liaño Sánchez P (March 2019). "Causes and surgical treatment of diplopia and strabismus secondary to myasthenia gravis". Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia. 94 (3): 107–113. doi:10.1016/j.oftal.2018.11.007. PMID 30580990.
Maeda M, Shimomura H, Tokunaga S, Taniguchi N, Lee T, Takeshima Y (May 2024). "Clinical Characteristics and Treatment of Juvenile Myasthenia Gravis-A Single-Center Experience". Children. 11 (5): 572. doi:10.3390/children11050572. PMC 11120409. PMID 38790567.
Satterfield D, Keltner JL, Morrison TL (August 1993). "Psychosocial aspects of strabismus study". Archives of Ophthalmology. 111 (8): 1100–5. doi:10.1001/archopht.1993.01090080096024. PMID 8166786.
Olitsky SE, Sudesh S, Graziano A, Hamblen J, Brooks SE, Shaha SH (August 1999). "The negative psychosocial impact of strabismus in adults". Journal of AAPOS. 3 (4): 209–11. doi:10.1016/S1091-8531(99)70004-2. PMID 10477222.
Uretmen O, Egrilmez S, Kose S, Pamukçu K, Akkin C, Palamar M (April 2003). "Negative social bias against children with strabismus". Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica. 81 (2): 138–42. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0420.2003.00024.x. PMID 12752051.
See peer discussion in: Mets MB, Beauchamp C, Haldi BA (2003). "Binocularity following surgical correction of strabismus in adults". Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society. 101 (5): 201–5, discussion 205–7. doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2004.07.003. PMC 1358989. PMID 14971578.
Bernfeld A (1982). "[Psychological repercussions of strabismus in children]" [Psychological repercussions of strabismus in children]. Journal Français d'Ophtalmologie (in French). 5 (8–9): 523–30. PMID 7142664.
Tonge BJ, Lipton GL, Crawford G (March 1984). "Psychological and educational correlates of strabismus in school children". The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry. 18 (1): 71–7. doi:10.3109/00048678409161038. PMID 6590030. S2CID 42734067.
Mohney BG, McKenzie JA, Capo JA, Nusz KJ, Mrazek D, Diehl NN (November 2008). "Mental illness in young adults who had strabismus as children". Pediatrics. 122 (5): 1033–8. doi:10.1542/peds.2007-3484. PMC 2762944. PMID 18977984.
Beauchamp GR, Felius J, Stager DR, Beauchamp CL (December 2005). "The utility of strabismus in adults". Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society. 103: 164–71, discussion 171–2. PMC 1447571. PMID 17057800.
Mojon-Azzi SM, Mojon DS (November 2009). "Strabismus and employment: the opinion of headhunters". Acta Ophthalmologica. 87 (7): 784–8. doi:10.1111/j.1755-3768.2008.01352.x. PMID 18976309.
Mojon-Azzi SM, Mojon DS (October 2007). "Opinion of headhunters about the ability of strabismic subjects to obtain employment". Ophthalmologica. Journal International d'Ophtalmologie. International Journal of Ophthalmology. Zeitschrift für Augenheilkunde. 221 (6): 430–3. doi:10.1159/000107506. PMID 17947833. S2CID 29398388.
Mojon-Azzi SM, Kunz A, Mojon DS (May 2011). "The perception of strabismus by children and adults". Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv für Klinische und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie. 249 (5): 753–7. doi:10.1007/s00417-010-1555-y. PMID 21063886. S2CID 10989351.
Burke JP, Leach CM, Davis H (May 1997). "Psychosocial implications of strabismus surgery in adults". Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. 34 (3): 159–64. doi:10.3928/0191-3913-19970501-06. PMID 9168420.
Durnian JM, Noonan CP, Marsh IB (April 2011). "The psychosocial effects of adult strabismus: a review" (PDF). The British Journal of Ophthalmology. 95 (4): 450–3. doi:10.1136/bjo.2010.188425. PMID 20852320. S2CID 206870079.
MacKenzie K, Hancox J, McBain H, Ezra DG, Adams G, Newman S (May 2016). "Psychosocial interventions for improving quality of life outcomes in adults undergoing strabismus surgery" (PDF). The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2016 (5) CD010092. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010092.pub4. PMC 9250695. PMID 27171652.
Adachi M, Kabasawa H, Kawaguchi E (May 2008). "Depiction of the cranial nerves within the brain stem with use of PROPELLER multishot diffusion-weighted imaging". AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 29 (5): 911–2. doi:10.3174/ajnr.A0957. PMC 8128587. PMID 18258705.
Tychsen L (August 2012). "The cause of infantile strabismus lies upstairs in the cerebral cortex, not downstairs in the brainstem". Archives of Ophthalmology. 130 (8): 1060–1. doi:10.1001/archophthalmol.2012.1481. PMID 22893080.
Hull S, Tailor V, Balduzzi S, Rahi J, Schmucker C, Virgili G, Dahlmann-Noor A (November 6, 2017). "Tests for detecting strabismus in children aged 1 to 6 years in the community". Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2017 (11) CD011221. doi:10.1002/14651858.cd011221.pub2. ISSN 1465-1858. PMC 6486041. PMID 29105728.
Havertape SA, Cruz OA, Chu FC (November 2001). "Sensory strabismus--eso or exo?". Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. 38 (6): 327–30, quiz 354–5. doi:10.3928/0191-3913-20011101-05. PMID 11759769.
Martinez-Thompson JM, Diehl NN, Holmes JM, Mohney BG (April 2014). "Incidence, types, and lifetime risk of adult-onset strabismus". Ophthalmology. 121 (4): 877–82. doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2013.10.030. PMC 4321874. PMID 24321142.
Gantz L, Millodot M, Roth GL (2020). "Analysis of Alphabet Patterns of Deviations Found in Patients Without Strabismus in Primary Position". Clinical Optometry. 12: 49–56. doi:10.2147/OPTO.S197783. PMC 7094002. PMID 32256138.
Engle EC (February 2007). "Genetic basis of congenital strabismus". Archives of Ophthalmology. 125 (2): 189–95. doi:10.1001/archopht.125.2.189. PMID 17296894.
Eskridge JB (October 1993). "Persistent diplopia associated with strabismus surgery". Optometry and Vision Science. 70 (10): 849–53. doi:10.1097/00006324-199310000-00013. PMID 8247489.
Astle WF, Rahmat J, Ingram AD, Huang PT (December 2007). "Laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy for anisometropic amblyopia in children: outcomes at 1 year". Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery. 33 (12): 2028–34. doi:10.1016/j.jcrs.2007.07.024. PMID 18053899. S2CID 1886316.
Jones-Jordan L, Wang X, Scherer RW, Mutti DO (April 2, 2020). "Spectacle correction versus no spectacles for prevention of strabismus in hyperopic children". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2020 (4) CD007738. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007738.pub3. ISSN 1469-493X. PMC 7117860. PMID 32240551.
Korah S, Philip S, Jasper S, Antonio-Santos A, Braganza A (October 2014). "Strabismus surgery before versus after completion of amblyopia therapy in children". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2014 (10) CD009272. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009272.pub2. PMC 4438561. PMID 25315969.
Parikh RK, Leffler CT (July 2013). "Loop suture technique for optional adjustment in strabismus surgery". Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology. 20 (3): 225–8. doi:10.4103/0974-9233.114797. PMC 3757632. PMID 24014986.
Hassan S, Haridas A, Sundaram V (March 2018). Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group (ed.). "Adjustable versus non-adjustable sutures for strabismus". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2018 (3) CD004240. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004240.pub4. PMC 6494216. PMID 29527670.
Kowal L, Wong E, Yahalom C (December 2007). "Botulinum toxin in the treatment of strabismus. A review of its use and effects". Disability and Rehabilitation. 29 (23): 1823–31. doi:10.1080/09638280701568189. PMID 18033607. S2CID 19053824.
Thouvenin D, Lesage-Beaudon C, Arné JL (January 2008). "[Botulinum injection in infantile strabismus. Results and incidence on secondary surgery in a long-term survey of 74 cases treated before 36 months of age]" [Botulinum injection in infantile strabismus. Results and incidence on secondary surgery in a long-term survey of 74 cases treated before 36 months of age]. Journal Français d'Ophtalmologie (in French). 31 (1): 42–50. doi:10.1016/S0181-5512(08)70329-2. PMID 18401298. Archived from the original on November 5, 2017.
de Alba Campomanes AG, Binenbaum G, Campomanes Eguiarte G (April 2010). "Comparison of botulinum toxin with surgery as primary treatment for infantile esotropia". Journal of AAPOS. 14 (2): 111–6. doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2009.12.162. PMID 20451851.
Gursoy H, Basmak H, Sahin A, Yildirim N, Aydin Y, Colak E (June 2012). "Long-term follow-up of bilateral botulinum toxin injections versus bilateral recessions of the medial rectus muscles for treatment of infantile esotropia". Journal of AAPOS. 16 (3): 269–73. doi:10.1016/j.jaapos.2012.01.010. PMID 22681945.
Rowe FJ, Noonan CP (February 15, 2012). Rowe FJ (ed.). "Botulinum toxin for the treatment of strabismus". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2) CD006499. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006499.pub3. ISSN 1469-493X. PMID 22336817.
Blake R, Crawford M (1974). "Development of strabismus in Siamese cats". Brain Research. 77 (3): 492–496. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(74)90637-4. ISSN 0006-8993. PMID 4851345.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Maeda M, Shimomura H, Tokunaga S, Taniguchi N, Lee T, Takeshima Y (May 2024). "Clinical Characteristics and Treatment of Juvenile Myasthenia Gravis-A Single-Center Experience". Children. 11 (5): 572. doi:10.3390/children11050572. PMC 11120409. PMID 38790567.
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Strabismus (English Wikipedia)

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