Surgery (English Wikipedia)

Fingar KR, Stocks C, Weiss AJ, Steiner CA (December 2014). "Most Frequent Operating Room Procedures Performed in U.S. Hospitals, 2003–2012". HCUP Statistical Brief No. 186. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Archived from the original on 3 May 2015.
Weiss AJ, Elixhauser A, Andrews RM (February 2014). "Characteristics of Operating Room Procedures in U.S. Hospitals, 2011". HCUP Statistical Brief No. 170. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. PMID 24716251. Archived from the original on 28 March 2014.
Weiss AJ, Elixhauser A (March 2014). "Trends in Operating Room Procedures in U.S. Hospitals, 2001–2011". HCUP Statistical Brief No. 171. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. PMID 24851286. Archived from the original on 28 March 2014.
Weiss AJ, Barrett ML, Steiner CA (July 2014). "Trends and Projections in Inpatient Hospital Costs and Utilization, 2003–2013". HCUP Statistical Brief No. 175. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. PMID 25165806. Archived from the original on 3 August 2014.
Moore B, Levit K, Elixhauser A (October 2014). "Costs for Hospital Stays in the United States, 2012". HCUP Statistical Brief No. 181. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. PMID 25521003. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014.

bbc.co.uk (Global: 8^th place; English: 10^th place)

news.bbc.co.uk

"Stone age man used dentist drill". BBC News. 6 April 2006. Archived from the original on 22 April 2009. Retrieved 24 May 2010.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

The Medical times: a journal of medical science, literature, criticism, and news. 1845/46, Sept. - Apr. 1846.
Twersky RS, Philip BK, eds. (2008). Handbook of ambulatory anesthesia (2nd ed.). New York: Springer. p. 284. ISBN 978-0-387-73328-9.
Martin S (2007). Minor Surgical Procedures for Nurses and Allied Healthcare Professionals. England: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. p. 122. ISBN 978-0-470-01990-0.
Page 2 in: Spry C (2009). Essentials of perioperative nursing. Sudbury, Mass: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. ISBN 978-0-7637-5881-3. OCLC 227920274.
Askitopoulou, H., Konsolaki, E., Ramoutsaki, I., Anastassaki, E. Surgical cures by sleep induction as the Asclepieion of Epidaurus. The history of anesthesia: proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium, by José Carlos Diz, Avelino Franco, Douglas R. Bacon, J. Rupreht, Julián Alvarez. Elsevier Science B.V., International Congress Series 1242(2002), pp. 11–17. [1]^{[permanent dead link]}
Risse, G.B. Mending bodies, saving souls: a history of hospitals. Oxford University Press, 1990. p. 56 [2]
Zimmerman LM, Veith I (1993). Great Ideas in the History of Surgery. Norman Publishing. pp. 82–83. ISBN 978-0-930405-53-3. Retrieved 3 December 2012.
Pormann PE (2004). The Oriental Tradition of Paul of Aegina's Pragmateia. Brill. pp. 300–04. ISBN 978-90-04-13757-8. Retrieved 6 December 2012.
Moore W (2005). The Knife Man: The Extraordinary Life and Times of John Hunter, Father of Modern Surgery. Crown Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-7679-1652-3. Retrieved 7 February 2013.
Gordon ML (2002). Sir James Young Simpson and Chloroform (1811–1870). The Minerva Group, Inc. p. 108. ISBN 978-1-4102-0291-8. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
Robinson V (2005). The Story of Medicine. Kessinger Publishing. p. 420. ISBN 978-1-4191-5431-7.^{[permanent dead link]}

cancer.gov (Global: 1,684^th place; English: 1,350^th place)

"segmental resection". National Cancer Institute Dictionary of Cancer Terms. Retrieved 31 July 2020.

cancernetwork.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Wagman LD. "Principles of Surgical Oncology" Archived 15 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine in Pazdur R, Wagman LD, Camphausen KA, Hoskins WJ (Eds) Cancer Management: A Multidisciplinary Approach Archived 4 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine. 11 ed. 2008.

choosingwisely.org (Global: 7,197^th place; English: 4,379^th place)

American College of Radiology. "Five Things Physicians and Patients Should Question". Choosing Wisely: An Initiative of the ABIM Foundation. Archived from the original on 10 February 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2012., citing
- "American College of Radiology ACR Appropriateness Criteria". American College of Radiology. 2000. Archived from the original on 10 February 2013. Retrieved 4 September 2012.
- American Society for Clinical Pathology, "Five Things Physicians and Patients Should Question", Choosing Wisely: an initiative of the ABIM Foundation, American Society for Clinical Pathology, archived from the original on 1 September 2013, retrieved 1 August 2013, which cites
  1. - Keay L, Lindsley K, Tielsch J, Katz J, Schein O (January 2019). "Routine preoperative medical testing for cataract surgery". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 1 (1): CD007293. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007293.pub4. PMC 6353242. PMID 30616299.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: article number as page number (link)
    - American Academy of Dermatology (February 2013), "Five Things Physicians and Patients Should Question", Choosing Wisely: an initiative of the ABIM Foundation, American Academy of Dermatology, archived from the original on 1 December 2013, retrieved 5 December 2013, which cites
      - Sheth VM, Weitzul S (2008). "Postoperative topical antimicrobial use". Dermatitis. 19 (4): 181–189. doi:10.2310/6620.2008.07094. PMID 18674453.

clinicsinsurgery.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Aluwihare AP (3 August 2021). "Surgical Instruments at the Alahana Parivena Hospital in Polonnaruwa" (PDF). Clinics in Surgery. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 October 2022. Retrieved 5 September 2023.

collinsdictionary.com (Global: 1,053^rd place; English: 701^st place)

"Doctor's surgery". Collins English Dictionary. Archived from the original on 10 February 2018. Retrieved 10 February 2018.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

American Society for Clinical Pathology, "Five Things Physicians and Patients Should Question", Choosing Wisely: an initiative of the ABIM Foundation, American Society for Clinical Pathology, archived from the original on 1 September 2013, retrieved 1 August 2013, which cites
1. - Keay L, Lindsley K, Tielsch J, Katz J, Schein O (January 2019). "Routine preoperative medical testing for cataract surgery". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 1 (1): CD007293. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007293.pub4. PMC 6353242. PMID 30616299.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: article number as page number (link)
  - Wade RG, Burr NE, McCauley G, Bourke G, Efthimiou O (December 2021). "The Comparative Efficacy of Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Povidone-iodine Antiseptics for the Prevention of Infection in Clean Surgery: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis". Annals of Surgery. 274 (6): e481 – e488. doi:10.1097/SLA.0000000000004076. PMID 32773627.
  - Küçükkartallar T, Gündeş E, Yılmaz H, Aksoy F (1 March 2013). "A case of multiorgan resection for locally advanced stomach cancer". Turkish Journal of Surgery/Ulusal Cerrahi Dergisi. 29 (1): 31–32. doi:10.5152/UCD.2013.07. ISSN 1300-0705. PMC 4379777. PMID 25931839.
  - Bori E, Galbusera F, Innocenti B (2022), "Hip prosthesis: biomechanics and design", Human Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Elsevier, pp. 361–376, doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-824481-4.00032-9, ISBN 978-0-12-824481-4, retrieved 30 October 2022
  - Whitehead A, Cataldo P (22 May 2017). "Technical Considerations in Stoma Creation". Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery. 30 (3): 162–171. doi:10.1055/s-0037-1598156. ISSN 1531-0043. PMC 5498162. PMID 28684933.
  - Nouh MR (2012). "Spinal fusion-hardware construct: Basic concepts and imaging review". World Journal of Radiology. 4 (5): 193–207. doi:10.4329/wjr.v4.i5.193 (inactive 1 July 2025). ISSN 1949-8470. PMC 3386531. PMID 22761979.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link)
  - Gillern S, Bleier JI (2014). "Parastomal Hernia Repair and Reinforcement: The Role of Biologic and Synthetic Materials". Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery. 27 (4): 162–171. doi:10.1055/s-0034-1394090. ISSN 1531-0043. PMC 4226750. PMID 25435825.
  - Doyle SL, Lysaght J, Reynolds JV (December 2010). "Obesity and post-operative complications in patients undergoing non-bariatric surgery". Obesity Reviews. 11 (12): 875–886. doi:10.1111/j.1467-789X.2009.00700.x. PMID 20025695. S2CID 7712323.
  - Hines S, Steels E, Chang A, Gibbons K (March 2018). "Aromatherapy for treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2018 (3): CD007598. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007598.pub3. PMC 6494172. PMID 29523018.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: article number as page number (link)
  - Huang J, Shi Z, Duan FF, Fan MX, Yan S, Wei Y, et al. (June 2021). "Benefits of Early Ambulation in Elderly Patients Undergoing Lumbar Decompression and Fusion Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study". Orthopaedic Surgery. 13 (4): 1319–1326. doi:10.1111/os.12953. PMC 8274205. PMID 33960687.
  - American Academy of Dermatology (February 2013), "Five Things Physicians and Patients Should Question", Choosing Wisely: an initiative of the ABIM Foundation, American Academy of Dermatology, archived from the original on 1 December 2013, retrieved 5 December 2013, which cites
    - Sheth VM, Weitzul S (2008). "Postoperative topical antimicrobial use". Dermatitis. 19 (4): 181–189. doi:10.2310/6620.2008.07094. PMID 18674453.
    - Heal CF, Banks JL, Lepper PD, Kontopantelis E, van Driel ML (November 2016). "Topical antibiotics for preventing surgical site infection in wounds healing by primary intention" (PDF). The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2016 (11): CD011426. doi:10.1002/14651858.cd011426.pub2. PMC 6465080. PMID 27819748. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 July 2018.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: article number as page number (link) Alt URL
    - Aylin P, Alexandrescu R, Jen MH, Mayer EK, Bottle A (May 2013). "Day of week of procedure and 30 day mortality for elective surgery: retrospective analysis of hospital episode statistics". BMJ. 346: f2424. doi:10.1136/bmj.f2424. PMC 3665889. PMID 23716356.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: article number as page number (link)
    - Doleman B, Leonardi-Bee J, Heinink TP, Bhattacharjee D, Lund JN, Williams JP (December 2018). "Pre-emptive and preventive opioids for postoperative pain in adults undergoing all types of surgery". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2018 (12): CD012624. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012624.pub2. PMC 6517298. PMID 30521692.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: article number as page number (link)
    - Yang MM, Hartley RL, Leung AA, Ronksley PE, Jetté N, Casha S, et al. (April 2019). "Preoperative predictors of poor acute postoperative pain control: a systematic review and meta-analysis". BMJ Open. 9 (4): e025091. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025091. PMC 6500309. PMID 30940757.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: article number as page number (link)
    - Allvin R, Berg K, Idvall E, Nilsson U (March 2007). "Postoperative recovery: a concept analysis". Journal of Advanced Nursing. 57 (5): 552–558. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2006.04156.x. PMID 17284272.
    - Lin X, Chen Y, Zhang P, Chen G, Zhou Y, Yu X (February 2020). "The potential mechanism of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in older people". Experimental Gerontology. 130 110791. doi:10.1016/j.exger.2019.110791. ISSN 1873-6815. PMID 31765741.
    - Ghoneim MM, O'Hara MW (2 February 2016). "Depression and postoperative complications: an overview". BMC Surgery. 16 5. doi:10.1186/s12893-016-0120-y. ISSN 1471-2482. PMC 4736276. PMID 26830195.
    - Makary MA, Segev DL, Pronovost PJ, Syin D, Bandeen-Roche K, Patel P, et al. (June 2010). "Frailty as a predictor of surgical outcomes in older patients". Journal of the American College of Surgeons. 210 (6): 901–908. doi:10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2010.01.028. PMID 20510798.
    - Bath M, Bashford T, Fitzgerald JE (2019). "What is 'global surgery'? Defining the multidisciplinary interface between surgery, anaesthesia and public health". BMJ Global Health. 4 (5): e001808. doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001808. PMC 6830053. PMID 31749997.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: article number as page number (link)
    - Farmer PE, Kim JY (April 2008). "Surgery and global health: a view from beyond the OR". World Journal of Surgery. 32 (4): 533–536. doi:10.1007/s00268-008-9525-9. PMC 2267857. PMID 18311574.
    - Dare AJ, Grimes CE, Gillies R, Greenberg SL, Hagander L, Meara JG, et al. (December 2014). "Global surgery: defining an emerging global health field". Lancet. 384 (9961): 2245–2247. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60237-3. PMID 24853601. S2CID 37349469.
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    - Weiser TG, Regenbogen SE, Thompson KD, Haynes AB, Lipsitz SR, Berry WR, et al. (July 2008). "An estimation of the global volume of surgery: a modelling strategy based on available data". Lancet. 372 (9633): 139–144. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60878-8. PMID 18582931. S2CID 17918156.
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    - Price R, Makasa E, Hollands M (September 2015). "World Health Assembly Resolution WHA68.15: "Strengthening Emergency and Essential Surgical Care and Anesthesia as a Component of Universal Health Coverage"—Addressing the Public Health Gaps Arising from Lack of Safe, Affordable and Accessible Surgical and Anesthetic Services". World Journal of Surgery. 39 (9): 2115–2125. doi:10.1007/s00268-015-3153-y. PMID 26239773. S2CID 13027859.
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      Five articles running from:
      Volume 89, Issue 2272, 16 March 1867, pp. 326–29 (Originally published as Volume 1, Issue 2272)
      to:
      Volume 90, Issue 2291, 27 July 1867, pp. 95–96 Originally published as Volume 2, Issue 2291
    - Lister J (September 1867). "On the Antiseptic Principle in the Practice of Surgery". British Medical Journal. 2 (351): 246–248. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.351.246. PMC 2310614. PMID 20744875.. Reprinted in Lister BJ (August 2010). "The classic: On the antiseptic principle in the practice of surgery. 1867". Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 468 (8): 2012–2016. doi:10.1007/s11999-010-1320-x. PMC 2895849. PMID 20361283.

edupub.gov.lk (Global: low place; English: low place)

Somadewa, Raj; Rev. Deerananda, Hanguranketha; Kannangara, Padmasiri; Senadhiraja, Anusha; Gunawardhana, W. S. Shiromala (2014). History - Grade 10 (PDF). Translated by Bandara, A.B.S. Aloka. Educational Publications Department. ISBN 978-955-25-0663-5.

eurekalert.org (Global: 3,538^th place; English: 3,083^rd place)

"Adelphi researcher discovers early, complex brain surgery in ancient Greece". Archived from the original on 10 April 2020. Retrieved 10 April 2020.

fordham.edu (Global: 1,648^th place; English: 1,137^th place)

Lister J. "Modern History Sourcebook: Joseph Lister (1827–1912): Antiseptic Principle Of The Practice Of Surgery, 1867". Fordham University. Archived from the original on 7 November 2011. Retrieved 2 September 2011.Modernized version of text

gutenberg.org (Global: 489^th place; English: 377^th place)

Lister J (December 2007). On the Antiseptic Principle of the Practice of Surgery by Baron Joseph Lister. Project Gutenberg. Archived from the original on 9 October 2011. Retrieved 2 September 2011. E-text, audio at Project Gutenberg.

handle.net (Global: 102^nd place; English: 76^th place)

hdl.handle.net

Debas HT, Donkor P, Gawande A, Jamison DT, Kruk ME, Mock CN (24 March 2015). Debas HT, Donkor P, Gawande A, Jamison DT, Kruk ME, Mock CN (eds.). Disease Control Priorities. Vol. 1 Essential Surgery (Third ed.). doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-0346-8. hdl:10986/21568. ISBN 978-1-4648-0346-8. PMID 26740991.

healio.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

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hhrjournal.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

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iaas-med.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

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islamicity.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

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jpgmonline.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

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livescience.com (Global: 1,190^th place; English: 959^th place)

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man.ac.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

Heal CF, Banks JL, Lepper PD, Kontopantelis E, van Driel ML (November 2016). "Topical antibiotics for preventing surgical site infection in wounds healing by primary intention" (PDF). The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2016 (11): CD011426. doi:10.1002/14651858.cd011426.pub2. PMC 6465080. PMID 27819748. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 July 2018.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: article number as page number (link) Alt URL

medlineplus.gov (Global: 1,581^st place; English: 1,299^th place)

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merriam-webster.com (Global: 209^th place; English: 191^st place)

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nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

American Society for Clinical Pathology, "Five Things Physicians and Patients Should Question", Choosing Wisely: an initiative of the ABIM Foundation, American Society for Clinical Pathology, archived from the original on 1 September 2013, retrieved 1 August 2013, which cites
1. - Keay L, Lindsley K, Tielsch J, Katz J, Schein O (January 2019). "Routine preoperative medical testing for cataract surgery". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 1 (1): CD007293. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007293.pub4. PMC 6353242. PMID 30616299.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: article number as page number (link)
  - Wade RG, Burr NE, McCauley G, Bourke G, Efthimiou O (December 2021). "The Comparative Efficacy of Chlorhexidine Gluconate and Povidone-iodine Antiseptics for the Prevention of Infection in Clean Surgery: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis". Annals of Surgery. 274 (6): e481 – e488. doi:10.1097/SLA.0000000000004076. PMID 32773627.
  - Küçükkartallar T, Gündeş E, Yılmaz H, Aksoy F (1 March 2013). "A case of multiorgan resection for locally advanced stomach cancer". Turkish Journal of Surgery/Ulusal Cerrahi Dergisi. 29 (1): 31–32. doi:10.5152/UCD.2013.07. ISSN 1300-0705. PMC 4379777. PMID 25931839.
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  - Whitehead A, Cataldo P (22 May 2017). "Technical Considerations in Stoma Creation". Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery. 30 (3): 162–171. doi:10.1055/s-0037-1598156. ISSN 1531-0043. PMC 5498162. PMID 28684933.
  - Nouh MR (2012). "Spinal fusion-hardware construct: Basic concepts and imaging review". World Journal of Radiology. 4 (5): 193–207. doi:10.4329/wjr.v4.i5.193 (inactive 1 July 2025). ISSN 1949-8470. PMC 3386531. PMID 22761979.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link)
  - Gillern S, Bleier JI (2014). "Parastomal Hernia Repair and Reinforcement: The Role of Biologic and Synthetic Materials". Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery. 27 (4): 162–171. doi:10.1055/s-0034-1394090. ISSN 1531-0043. PMC 4226750. PMID 25435825.
  - Doyle SL, Lysaght J, Reynolds JV (December 2010). "Obesity and post-operative complications in patients undergoing non-bariatric surgery". Obesity Reviews. 11 (12): 875–886. doi:10.1111/j.1467-789X.2009.00700.x. PMID 20025695. S2CID 7712323.
  - Pastorino A, Tavarez MM (24 July 2023). "Incision and drainage". StatPearls Publishing. PMID 32310532. Retrieved 11 March 2024.
  - Hines S, Steels E, Chang A, Gibbons K (March 2018). "Aromatherapy for treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2018 (3): CD007598. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007598.pub3. PMC 6494172. PMID 29523018.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: article number as page number (link)
  - Huang J, Shi Z, Duan FF, Fan MX, Yan S, Wei Y, et al. (June 2021). "Benefits of Early Ambulation in Elderly Patients Undergoing Lumbar Decompression and Fusion Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study". Orthopaedic Surgery. 13 (4): 1319–1326. doi:10.1111/os.12953. PMC 8274205. PMID 33960687.
  - American Academy of Dermatology (February 2013), "Five Things Physicians and Patients Should Question", Choosing Wisely: an initiative of the ABIM Foundation, American Academy of Dermatology, archived from the original on 1 December 2013, retrieved 5 December 2013, which cites
    - Sheth VM, Weitzul S (2008). "Postoperative topical antimicrobial use". Dermatitis. 19 (4): 181–189. doi:10.2310/6620.2008.07094. PMID 18674453.
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