Synthesizer (English Wikipedia)

Douglas, Adam (17 February 2025). "What's Up With Filters? A Practical Guide To Synthesizer Tone Control". Attack Magazine. Retrieved 2 June 2025.
Aisher, Bruce (1 February 2013). "An introduction to arpeggiators". Attack Magazine. Retrieved 16 December 2021.

bbc.co.uk (Global: 8^th place; English: 10^th place)

news.bbc.co.uk

"Obituary: Dr Robert Moog". BBC News. 22 August 2005. Retrieved 3 December 2018.

bbc.co.uk

"A tribute to the synth: how synthesisers revolutionised modern music". BBC. Retrieved 6 November 2019.

billboard.com (Global: 19^th place; English: 18^th place)

"Snowflakes Are Dancing". Billboard. Retrieved 28 May 2011.

blender.com (Global: 3,836^th place; English: 2,252^nd place)

Black, Johnny (2003), "The Greatest Songs Ever! Hungry Like the Wolf", Blender (January/February 2003), archived from the original on 13 October 2007, retrieved 16 April 2008

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Holmes, Thom (2008). "Early Computer Music". Electronic and experimental music: technology, music, and culture (3rd ed.). Taylor & Francis. p. 257. ISBN 978-0-415-95781-6. Retrieved 4 June 2011.
Holmes, Thom (2008). "Early Computer Music". Electronic and experimental music: technology, music, and culture (3rd ed.). Taylor & Francis. p. 257. ISBN 978-0415957816. Retrieved 4 June 2011.
Brøvig-Hanssen, Ragnhild; Danielsen, Anne (19 February 2016). Digital Signatures: The Impact of Digitization on Popular Music Sound. MIT Press. ISBN 9780262034142.
Borthwick 2004, p. 120 Borthwick, Stuart (2004), Popular Music Genres: An Introduction, Edinburgh University Press, p. 120, ISBN 0-7486-1745-0
Mark Jenkins (2007), Analog synthesizers: from the legacy of Moog to software synthesis, Elsevier, pp. 133–4, ISBN 978-0-240-52072-8, retrieved 27 May 2011
Borthwick 2004, p. 130 Borthwick, Stuart (2004), Popular Music Genres: An Introduction, Edinburgh University Press, p. 120, ISBN 0-7486-1745-0
Roger T. Dean, ed. (16 September 2009). The Oxford Handbook of Computer Music. Oxford University Press. p. 81. ISBN 9780199887132.
Billboard. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. 5 July 1997.

cornell.edu (Global: 332^nd place; English: 246^th place)

news.cornell.edu

Franklin Crawford (August 23, 2005). "Robert Moog, Ph.D. '64, inventor of the music synthesizer, dies of brain cancer". Cornell University News Service. Retrieved 4 May 2007.

discogs.com (Global: 91^st place; English: 122^nd place)

"Kraftwerk". Discogs. Retrieved 12 December 2017.

dummymag.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Saxelby, Ruth. "Borne into the 90s [pt.1]". Dummy Mag. Archived from the original on 5 April 2017. Retrieved 15 September 2011.

emusician.com (Global: low place; English: 8,768^th place)

Chadabe, Joel (14 September 2011). "The Electronic Century Part I: Beginnings". Electronic Musician. Archived from the original on 14 September 2011. Retrieved 12 November 2019.

engadget.com (Global: 466^th place; English: 349^th place)

Trew (2017). "Hip-hop's most influential sampler gets a 2017 reboot". Engadget. Retrieved 3 April 2018.

factmag.com (Global: 3,025^th place; English: 1,758^th place)

Twells, John (15 September 2016). "The 14 most important synths in electronic music history – and the musicians who use them". Fact. Retrieved 4 March 2024.
Wilson, Scott (7 January 2019). "ARP Instruments founder Alan R. Pearlman dies aged 93". FACT Magazine. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
"The 14 most important synths in electronic music history – and the musicians who use them". Fact. 15 September 2016. Retrieved 4 March 2024.
"The life and times of Ikutaro Kakehashi, the Roland pioneer modern music owes everything to". FACT Magazine: Music News, New Music. 2 April 2017. Retrieved 6 September 2018.
Warwick, Oli (8 April 2017). "Attack of the clones: Is Behringer's Minimoog a synth replica too far?". Fact. Retrieved 30 November 2018.

gizmodo.com.au (Global: 6,393^rd place; English: 3,949^th place)

"A Beginner's Guide To The Synth". Gizmodo Australia. 29 December 2015. Retrieved 28 April 2019.

muhistory.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"1981–1990 – The Musicians' Union: A History (1893–2013)". www.muhistory.com.

musicradar.com (Global: 2,140^th place; English: 1,259^th place)

"A brief history of sampling". MusicRadar. Retrieved 12 October 2018.
April 2019, Computer Music10 (10 April 2019). "Blast from the past: New England Digital Synclavier". MusicRadar. Retrieved 19 September 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
October 2019, Scot Solida28. "The 10 synths and drum machines that defined the '80s". MusicRadar. Retrieved 19 September 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
Tech, Computer Music Specials 2008-10-13T15:29:00 286Z (13 October 2008). "A brief history of computer music". MusicRadar. Retrieved 1 November 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
"What is phase distortion synthesis?". MusicRadar. 18 March 2015. Retrieved 18 October 2023.

musictech.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

"All you need to know about subtractive synthesis". MusicTech. 4 June 2019. Retrieved 23 November 2020.
Crute, Adam (3 July 2019). "Introduction to additive and phase distortion synthesis". MusicTech. Retrieved 23 November 2020.
Crute, Adam (1 July 2019). "Learning the basics of FM synthesis and how it works". MusicTech. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
"The science of wavetable synthesis". MusicTech. 26 August 2019. Retrieved 23 November 2020.
"The history of sample-based synthesis". MusicTech. 26 July 2019. Retrieved 23 November 2020.

newretro.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Rise of the Synthwave: Popularity of the Retrowave and Origins". Newretro.Net. 28 July 2022. Retrieved 16 December 2024.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

Kozinn, Allan (23 August 2005). "Robert Moog, Creator of Music Synthesizer, Dies at 71". The New York Times. Retrieved 3 December 2018.

popmatters.com (Global: 631^st place; English: 390^th place)

Ingalls, Chris (26 August 2020). "Funk Rock and Synthesizers in Munich: Queen's 'The Game' at 40". PopMatters. Retrieved 4 August 2022.

redbull.com (Global: 1,874^th place; English: 1,550^th place)

Lee, Sammy (3 July 2018). "This is the early history of the synthesizer". Red Bull Music. Retrieved 2 November 2019.

redbullmusicacademy.com (Global: 6,280^th place; English: 3,483^rd place)

daily.redbullmusicacademy.com

"Red Bull Music Academy Daily". daily.redbullmusicacademy.com. Retrieved 28 November 2018.
Weiner, Sophie (20 October 2017). "Minimoog: The First Truly Portable Synthesizer". Red Bull Music Academy. Retrieved 28 November 2018.
Weiner, Sophie (27 September 2016). "Mort Garson". Red Bull Music Academy. Retrieved 2 January 2024.

slate.com (Global: 259^th place; English: 188^th place)

Stevenson, Seth (26 February 2014). "What Is the Time Signature of the Ominous Electronic Score of The Terminator?". Slate. ISSN 1091-2339. Retrieved 9 February 2023.

soundonsound.com (Global: 2,107^th place; English: 1,211^th place)

Stewart, Dave (October 2010). "Soniccouture Novachord". Sound on Sound. Retrieved 19 June 2021.
Reid, Gordon (February 2007). "Ken Freeman and the birth of string synthesis". Sound on Sound. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
Howell, Steve (August 2015). "The Lost Art Of Sampling: Part 1". Sound on Sound. Retrieved 12 October 2018.
Vail, Mark (February 2002). "Korg M1 (Retrozone)". Sound on Sound. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
"The Analogue Revival". Sound on Sound. March 2014. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
Paul Tingen. "John Carpenter - Film Director & Composer". Sound on Sound. No. July 2016.
"Q. Can you explain the origins of wavetable, S&S and vector synthesis?". Sound on Sound. Retrieved 20 January 2021.
Price, Simon (December 2005). "Granular Synthesis". Sound on Sound. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
"Yamaha VL1". Sound On Sound. July 1994. Archived from the original on 8 June 2015.
"Q. What are filters and what do they do?". Sound on Sound. July 2009. Retrieved 2 June 2025.

theguardian.com (Global: 12^th place; English: 11^th place)

McNamee, David (2 August 2010). "Hey, what's that sound: Moog synthesisers". The Guardian. Retrieved 8 January 2020.
Stearns, David Patrick (25 August 2005). "Obituary: Robert Moog". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 13 January 2020.
Snowden, Don (23 May 2012). "Robert Moog: 'I wouldn't call this music' – a classic interview to mark a Google doodle". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 13 January 2020.
Beaumont-Thomas, Ben (14 February 2014). "Roland launch new versions of the iconic 808, 909 and 303 instruments". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2 November 2019.
Simpson, Dave (14 August 2018). "More synthetic bamboo! The greatest preset sounds in pop music". The Guardian. Retrieved 19 October 2018.
Simpson, Dave (30 October 2018). "The Buggles: how we made Video Killed the Radio Star". The Guardian. Guardian News & Media. Retrieved 16 May 2025.

vox.com (Global: 484^th place; English: 323^rd place)

"Meet the unassuming drum machine that changed music forever". Vox. Retrieved 11 May 2018.

washingtonpost.com (Global: 34^th place; English: 27^th place)

Bernstein, Adam (23 August 2005). "Robert Moog Dies; Created Electronic Synthesizer". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 3 December 2018.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Chadabe, Joel (14 September 2011). "The Electronic Century Part I: Beginnings". Electronic Musician. Archived from the original on 14 September 2011. Retrieved 12 November 2019.
Black, Johnny (2003), "The Greatest Songs Ever! Hungry Like the Wolf", Blender (January/February 2003), archived from the original on 13 October 2007, retrieved 16 April 2008
Saxelby, Ruth. "Borne into the 90s [pt.1]". Dummy Mag. Archived from the original on 5 April 2017. Retrieved 15 September 2011.
"Yamaha VL1". Sound On Sound. July 1994. Archived from the original on 8 June 2015.
Reid, Gordon (2000). "Synth Secrets, Part 9: An Introduction to VCAs". Sound on Sound (January 2000). Archived from the original on 4 April 2016. Retrieved 25 May 2010.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)

wired.com (Global: 193^rd place; English: 152^nd place)

"Clear Some Space on Your Synth Rack: The Minimoog Returns". WIRED. Retrieved 28 November 2018.

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

search.worldcat.org

Bernstein, Adam (23 August 2005). "Robert Moog Dies; Created Electronic Synthesizer". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 3 December 2018.
Stearns, David Patrick (25 August 2005). "Obituary: Robert Moog". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 13 January 2020.
Snowden, Don (23 May 2012). "Robert Moog: 'I wouldn't call this music' – a classic interview to mark a Google doodle". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 13 January 2020.
Beaumont-Thomas, Ben (14 February 2014). "Roland launch new versions of the iconic 808, 909 and 303 instruments". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2 November 2019.
Stevenson, Seth (26 February 2014). "What Is the Time Signature of the Ominous Electronic Score of The Terminator?". Slate. ISSN 1091-2339. Retrieved 9 February 2023.

Synthesizer (English Wikipedia)

allmusic.com (Global: 25th place; English: 22nd place)

americanradiohistory.com (Global: 841st place; English: 481st place)

archive.org (Global: 6th place; English: 6th place)

attackmagazine.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

bbc.co.uk (Global: 8th place; English: 10th place)

news.bbc.co.uk

bbc.co.uk

billboard.com (Global: 19th place; English: 18th place)

blender.com (Global: 3,836th place; English: 2,252nd place)

books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

cornell.edu (Global: 332nd place; English: 246th place)

news.cornell.edu

discogs.com (Global: 91st place; English: 122nd place)

dummymag.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

emusician.com (Global: low place; English: 8,768th place)

engadget.com (Global: 466th place; English: 349th place)

factmag.com (Global: 3,025th place; English: 1,758th place)

gizmodo.com.au (Global: 6,393rd place; English: 3,949th place)

muhistory.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

musicradar.com (Global: 2,140th place; English: 1,259th place)

musictech.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

newretro.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

nytimes.com (Global: 7th place; English: 7th place)

popmatters.com (Global: 631st place; English: 390th place)

redbull.com (Global: 1,874th place; English: 1,550th place)

redbullmusicacademy.com (Global: 6,280th place; English: 3,483rd place)

daily.redbullmusicacademy.com

slate.com (Global: 259th place; English: 188th place)

soundonsound.com (Global: 2,107th place; English: 1,211th place)

theguardian.com (Global: 12th place; English: 11th place)

vox.com (Global: 484th place; English: 323rd place)

washingtonpost.com (Global: 34th place; English: 27th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1st place; English: 1st place)

wired.com (Global: 193rd place; English: 152nd place)

worldcat.org (Global: 5th place; English: 5th place)

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allmusic.com (Global: 25^th place; English: 22^nd place)

americanradiohistory.com (Global: 841^st place; English: 481^st place)

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

bbc.co.uk (Global: 8^th place; English: 10^th place)

billboard.com (Global: 19^th place; English: 18^th place)

blender.com (Global: 3,836^th place; English: 2,252^nd place)

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

cornell.edu (Global: 332^nd place; English: 246^th place)

discogs.com (Global: 91^st place; English: 122^nd place)

emusician.com (Global: low place; English: 8,768^th place)

engadget.com (Global: 466^th place; English: 349^th place)

factmag.com (Global: 3,025^th place; English: 1,758^th place)

gizmodo.com.au (Global: 6,393^rd place; English: 3,949^th place)

musicradar.com (Global: 2,140^th place; English: 1,259^th place)

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

popmatters.com (Global: 631^st place; English: 390^th place)

redbull.com (Global: 1,874^th place; English: 1,550^th place)

redbullmusicacademy.com (Global: 6,280^th place; English: 3,483^rd place)

slate.com (Global: 259^th place; English: 188^th place)

soundonsound.com (Global: 2,107^th place; English: 1,211^th place)

theguardian.com (Global: 12^th place; English: 11^th place)

vox.com (Global: 484^th place; English: 323^rd place)

washingtonpost.com (Global: 34^th place; English: 27^th place)

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

wired.com (Global: 193^rd place; English: 152^nd place)

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)