Taekwondo (English Wikipedia)

Kim, Sang H. (2002). Martial Arts Instructors Desk Reference: A Complete Guide to Martial Arts Administration. Turtle Press. ASIN B001GIOGL4.
Choi, Hong Hi (1983). Encyclopedia of Taekwon-Do. International Taekwon-Do Federation. ASIN B008UAO292.

archive.org

Gillis, Alex (2008). A Killing Art: The Untold History of Tae Kwon Do. ECW Press. ISBN 978-1550228250.

ataonline.com

"ATA History". Ataon;ine.com. Archived from the original on September 28, 2014. Retrieved September 7, 2014.

bbc.com

"World Taekwondo Federation changes name over 'negative connotations'". BBC Sport. 2017-06-24. Archived from the original on 2019-10-02. Retrieved 2017-10-02.

benjamins.com

Moenig, Udo. "The Influence of Korean Nationalism on the Formational Process of T'aekwŏndo in South Korea". ao.81.2.10moe. Archived from the original on 2020-10-25. Retrieved 2020-05-05.

borealhanmoodo.com

"Hanmoodo". 12 October 2023.

bstf.org.uk

"30 Years of the Student National Taekwondo Championships". Archived from the original on 2 June 2018. Retrieved 18 February 2019.

cambridge.org

dictionary.cambridge.org

"tae kwon do". Cambridge English Dictionary. Cambridge University Press. Archived from the original on 9 January 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2017.

doi.org

Park, Cindy; Kim, Tae Yang (2016-06-12). "Historical Views on the Origins of Korea's Taekwondo". The International Journal of the History of Sport. 33 (9): 978–989. doi:10.1080/09523367.2016.1233867. ISSN 0952-3367. S2CID 151514066. Archived from the original on 2023-04-03. Retrieved 2020-03-21.

gazette.com

Gomez, Brian (August 23, 2009). "New taekwondo scoring system reduces controversy". The Gazette. Archived from the original on 2013-12-02. Retrieved 2013-05-06.

gtaitf-india.com

"General Choi, utilizing both his advanced education and Calligraphy skills that involved extensive knowledge of Chinese characters and language, searched for and later conceived of the new term Tae Kwon Do. This label more accurately reflected the shifting emphasis on the use of the legs for kicking". General Choi Taekwon-do Association (India) website. Archived from the original on 2019-06-05. Retrieved 2019-06-05.

hanmudo-hapkido.com

"What Is Han Mu Do".

hupkwondo.net

"About Hupkwondo". 23 September 2016.

hupkwondo.org

"Questions".

itatkd.com

S. Benko, James. "Grand Master, Ph.D." The Tenants Of Tae Kwon Do. ITA Institute. Archived from the original on 3 July 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2013.

itf-administration.com

"ITF United Kingdom". Itf-administration.com. Archived from the original on August 7, 2012. Retrieved September 16, 2014.

itf-information.com

"itf-information.com". Archived from the original on 2012-06-13. Retrieved 2012-01-26.

itf-tkd.org

"ITF Austria". itf-tkd.org. Archived from the original on October 23, 2020. Retrieved January 25, 2020.

itftkd.org

"ITF More Culture". Archived from the original on September 11, 2014. Retrieved September 11, 2014.

itkd.co.nz

members.itkd.co.nz

Lo, David. "Taekwon-do: A Broken Family?" (PDF). Thesis prepared for 4th dan granting requirements. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 1, 2017. The President was amazed and asked General Choi what the new martial art is called. President Rhee was a nationalist, hated the Japanese and would not approve the soldiers practicing Japanese martial arts such as Tang Soo Do or Korean Karate. Someone said to the President that it was Tang Soo Do. 'No, it's T'aekkyon' the President countered. The president later instructed General Choi to teach the T'aekkyon martial art to more Korean soldiers.
Lo, David. "Nam and General Choi faced a dilemma as they could not teach the Koreans Karate and call it Taekkyeon. They needed a new name urgently but the President liked the name Taekkyon" (PDF). Thesis prepared for 4th dan granting requirements. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 1, 2017.

jhoonrhee.com

"The Jhoon Rhee Story". Jhoonrhee.com. Archived from the original on February 18, 2015. Retrieved September 7, 2014.

joins.com

koreajoongangdaily.joins.com

"Extreme Taekwondo". 30 June 2017.

kcma-germany.de

"Teuk Gong Moo Sool Germany".

kenfuderyu.co.za

"Han Moo Do".

koreaherald.com

"Korea officially designates taekwondo as nat'l martial art". The Korea Herald. 2 April 2018. Archived from the original on 15 August 2022. Retrieved 15 August 2022.

koreaorbit.com

"Korea: Korean Martial Arts". www.koreaorbit.com. Archived from the original on 2019-06-20. Retrieved 2019-07-05.

koreaworldtimes.com

テコンドーの歴史も2千年？空手の親？消された創始者（1/3）. KoreaWorldTimes (in Japanese). 2021-07-23. Archived from the original on 2022-06-20. Retrieved 2021-09-22.

kukkiwon.or.kr

"Kukkiwon History". Kukkiwon.or.kr. Archived from the original on September 3, 2014. Retrieved September 7, 2014.
"Kukkiwon Philosophy". Kukkiwon.or.kr. Archived from the original on September 3, 2014. Retrieved September 11, 2014.

martialartsweaponstraining.com

"Taekwondo Rules" (PDF). martialartsweaponstraining.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-03.(24 June 2017, p. 38)

merriam-webster.com

"tae kwon do". Merriam-Webster. Archived from the original on 21 August 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2017.

morethanthegames.co.uk

"British taekwondo chief says new judging system is far from flawless". morethanthegames.co.uk. Archived from the original on 26 December 2010.

myactivesg.com

"Different styles of Taekwondo". ActiveSG. Archived from the original on 2021-01-20. Retrieved 2020-05-14.

newsbank.com

nl.newsbank.com

"Brief History of Taekwondo". Long Beach Press-Telegram. 2005. Archived from the original on 2011-08-15. Retrieved 2008-07-03.

oxforddictionaries.com

en.oxforddictionaries.com

"tae kwon do". OxfordDictionaries.com. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on January 9, 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2017.

sandiegouniontribune.com

MARIA CHENG. "Is that a kick? Taekwondo fighters devise new ways to score". sandiegouniontribune.com. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 2017-10-02. Retrieved 2017-10-02.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Park, Cindy; Kim, Tae Yang (2016-06-12). "Historical Views on the Origins of Korea's Taekwondo". The International Journal of the History of Sport. 33 (9): 978–989. doi:10.1080/09523367.2016.1233867. ISSN 0952-3367. S2CID 151514066. Archived from the original on 2023-04-03. Retrieved 2020-03-21.

taekwondoitf.org

"ITF Spain". taekwondoitf.org. Archived from the original on January 23, 2020. Retrieved January 25, 2020.

telegraph.co.uk

Williams, Bob (23 June 2010). "Taekwondo set to join 2018 Commonwealth Games after 'category two' classification". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 16 October 2010. Retrieved 21 November 2010.

tgms.or.kr

"Teuk Gong Moo Sool" (PDF).

theharvestconcept.com

"Han Mu Do". 26 May 2023.

tkd-itf.org

"ITF Philosophy". Tkd.otf.org. Archived from the original on September 11, 2014. Retrieved September 11, 2014.

tkd.co.uk

"ITF Theory of Power". Tkd.co.uk. Archived from the original on September 28, 2014. Retrieved September 11, 2014.

tokyo2020.org

"Paralympic Sports : Taekwondo｜The Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games". The Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games. Archived from the original on 14 September 2018. Retrieved 18 February 2019.

vice.com

fightland.vice.com

"Flying Kicks: The Roots of Taekwondo and the Future of Martial Arts". Archived from the original on 1 March 2019. Retrieved 18 February 2019.

web.archive.org

"tae kwon do". OxfordDictionaries.com. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on January 9, 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
"tae kwon do". Merriam-Webster. Archived from the original on 21 August 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
"tae kwon do". Cambridge English Dictionary. Cambridge University Press. Archived from the original on 9 January 2017. Retrieved 8 January 2017.
"taekwondo – Wiktionary". en.wiktionary.org. Archived from the original on 2020-12-28. Retrieved 2021-01-22.
"Flying Kicks: The Roots of Taekwondo and the Future of Martial Arts". Archived from the original on 1 March 2019. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
"Brief History of Taekwondo". Long Beach Press-Telegram. 2005. Archived from the original on 2011-08-15. Retrieved 2008-07-03.
"Korea officially designates taekwondo as nat'l martial art". The Korea Herald. 2 April 2018. Archived from the original on 15 August 2022. Retrieved 15 August 2022.
"Korea: Korean Martial Arts". www.koreaorbit.com. Archived from the original on 2019-06-20. Retrieved 2019-07-05.
Glen R. Morris. "The History of Taekwondo". Archived from the original on 2017-07-09. Retrieved 2008-06-29.
Park, Cindy; Kim, Tae Yang (2016-06-12). "Historical Views on the Origins of Korea's Taekwondo". The International Journal of the History of Sport. 33 (9): 978–989. doi:10.1080/09523367.2016.1233867. ISSN 0952-3367. S2CID 151514066. Archived from the original on 2023-04-03. Retrieved 2020-03-21.
Moenig, Udo. "The Influence of Korean Nationalism on the Formational Process of T'aekwŏndo in South Korea". ao.81.2.10moe. Archived from the original on 2020-10-25. Retrieved 2020-05-05.
Lo, David. "Taekwon-do: A Broken Family?" (PDF). Thesis prepared for 4th dan granting requirements. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 1, 2017. The President was amazed and asked General Choi what the new martial art is called. President Rhee was a nationalist, hated the Japanese and would not approve the soldiers practicing Japanese martial arts such as Tang Soo Do or Korean Karate. Someone said to the President that it was Tang Soo Do. 'No, it's T'aekkyon' the President countered. The president later instructed General Choi to teach the T'aekkyon martial art to more Korean soldiers.
テコンドーの歴史も2千年？空手の親？消された創始者（1/3）. KoreaWorldTimes (in Japanese). 2021-07-23. Archived from the original on 2022-06-20. Retrieved 2021-09-22.
"General Choi, utilizing both his advanced education and Calligraphy skills that involved extensive knowledge of Chinese characters and language, searched for and later conceived of the new term Tae Kwon Do. This label more accurately reflected the shifting emphasis on the use of the legs for kicking". General Choi Taekwon-do Association (India) website. Archived from the original on 2019-06-05. Retrieved 2019-06-05.
"Interview with Nam Tae-Hi making it clear that Tae Kwon Do came from Korean Karate (also known as "Shotokan Karate," "Tang Soo Do" and "Kong Soo Do"). At a martial arts meeting in 1955, Choi presented a fictional argument connecting Taekwon-Do to Taekkyon, an old martial art". 2011. Archived from the original on 2019-07-01. Retrieved 2019-06-15.
Lo, David. "Nam and General Choi faced a dilemma as they could not teach the Koreans Karate and call it Taekkyeon. They needed a new name urgently but the President liked the name Taekkyon" (PDF). Thesis prepared for 4th dan granting requirements. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 1, 2017.
"World Taekwondo Federation changes name over 'negative connotations'". BBC Sport. 2017-06-24. Archived from the original on 2019-10-02. Retrieved 2017-10-02.
"Kukkiwon History". Kukkiwon.or.kr. Archived from the original on September 3, 2014. Retrieved September 7, 2014.
Williams, Bob (23 June 2010). "Taekwondo set to join 2018 Commonwealth Games after 'category two' classification". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 16 October 2010. Retrieved 21 November 2010.
"Different styles of Taekwondo". ActiveSG. Archived from the original on 2021-01-20. Retrieved 2020-05-14.
"ITF Austria". itf-tkd.org. Archived from the original on October 23, 2020. Retrieved January 25, 2020.
"ITF United Kingdom". Itf-administration.com. Archived from the original on August 7, 2012. Retrieved September 16, 2014.
"ITF Spain". taekwondoitf.org. Archived from the original on January 23, 2020. Retrieved January 25, 2020.
"ATA History". Ataon;ine.com. Archived from the original on September 28, 2014. Retrieved September 7, 2014.
"The Jhoon Rhee Story". Jhoonrhee.com. Archived from the original on February 18, 2015. Retrieved September 7, 2014.
"WTF History". Worldtaekwondofederation.net. Archived from the original on October 31, 2014. Retrieved September 7, 2014.
S. Benko, James. "Grand Master, Ph.D." The Tenants Of Tae Kwon Do. ITA Institute. Archived from the original on 3 July 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2013.
"ITF More Culture". Archived from the original on September 11, 2014. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
"ITF Philosophy". Tkd.otf.org. Archived from the original on September 11, 2014. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
"WTF Philosophy". Worldtaekwondofederation.net. Archived from the original on November 3, 2014. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
"Kukkiwon Philosophy". Kukkiwon.or.kr. Archived from the original on September 3, 2014. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
"ITF Theory of Power". Tkd.co.uk. Archived from the original on September 28, 2014. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
World Taekwondo Federation (2004). "Kyorugi rules". Rules. WorldTaekwondo.org. Archived from the original on 2007-07-02. Retrieved 2007-08-11.
"WORLD TAEKWONDO FEDERATION COMPETITION RULES & INTERPRETATION" (PDF). World Taekwondo. October 1, 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 9, 2017.
"Taekwondo Rules" (PDF). martialartsweaponstraining.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-08-03.(24 June 2017, p. 38)
Gomez, Brian (August 23, 2009). "New taekwondo scoring system reduces controversy". The Gazette. Archived from the original on 2013-12-02. Retrieved 2013-05-06.
"British taekwondo chief says new judging system is far from flawless". morethanthegames.co.uk. Archived from the original on 26 December 2010.
MARIA CHENG. "Is that a kick? Taekwondo fighters devise new ways to score". sandiegouniontribune.com. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 2017-10-02. Retrieved 2017-10-02.
"WORLD TAEKWONDO FEDERATION POOMSAE COMPETITION RULES & INTERPRETATION" (PDF). World Taekwondo. October 1, 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 2, 2017.
"itf-information.com". Archived from the original on 2012-06-13. Retrieved 2012-01-26.
"30 Years of the Student National Taekwondo Championships". Archived from the original on 2 June 2018. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
"AAU Taekwondo > Rules/Info > Rules Handbook > 2015 AAU Taekwondo Handbook Divided By Sections". Aautaekwondo.org. Archived from the original on 2015-06-19. Retrieved 2015-06-13.
"Main—World Taekwondo Federation". World Taekwondo Federation. Archived from the original on 2014-09-03. Retrieved 2016-04-30.
"information". Archived from the original on 15 February 2019. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
"Paralympic Sports : Taekwondo｜The Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games". The Tokyo Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games. Archived from the original on 14 September 2018. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
Taekwondo World Qualification Tournament Outline, Archived February 19, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, page 3.
ITF TOURNAMENT RULES, pages 21–22.

wiktionary.org

en.wiktionary.org

"taekwondo – Wiktionary". en.wiktionary.org. Archived from the original on 2020-12-28. Retrieved 2021-01-22.

worldcat.org

Park, Cindy; Kim, Tae Yang (2016-06-12). "Historical Views on the Origins of Korea's Taekwondo". The International Journal of the History of Sport. 33 (9): 978–989. doi:10.1080/09523367.2016.1233867. ISSN 0952-3367. S2CID 151514066. Archived from the original on 2023-04-03. Retrieved 2020-03-21.

worldtaekwondo.com

Glen R. Morris. "The History of Taekwondo". Archived from the original on 2017-07-09. Retrieved 2008-06-29.

worldtaekwondo.org

"WT Competition Rules". WorldTaekwondo.org. Retrieved September 7, 2014.^{[permanent dead link]}
World Taekwondo Federation (2004). "Kyorugi rules". Rules. WorldTaekwondo.org. Archived from the original on 2007-07-02. Retrieved 2007-08-11.
"WORLD TAEKWONDO FEDERATION COMPETITION RULES & INTERPRETATION" (PDF). World Taekwondo. October 1, 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 9, 2017.
World Taekwondo Federation (Oct 7, 2010): Competition rules & interpretation^{[permanent dead link]} (7 October 2010, pp. 31–32). Retrieved on 27 November 2010.
"WORLD TAEKWONDO FEDERATION POOMSAE COMPETITION RULES & INTERPRETATION" (PDF). World Taekwondo. October 1, 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 2, 2017.
"information". Archived from the original on 15 February 2019. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
Taekwondo World Qualification Tournament Outline, Archived February 19, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, page 3.

worldtaekwondofederation.net

"WTF History". Worldtaekwondofederation.net. Archived from the original on October 31, 2014. Retrieved September 7, 2014.
"WTF Philosophy". Worldtaekwondofederation.net. Archived from the original on November 3, 2014. Retrieved September 11, 2014.
"Main—World Taekwondo Federation". World Taekwondo Federation. Archived from the original on 2014-09-03. Retrieved 2016-04-30.