Gross, Judah Ari. "The hidden American history of one of Zionism’s foundational battles: Tel Hai", The Times of Israel, May 4, 2022. Accessed May 21, 2026. "The community of Tel Hai was established in 1905, as something of an offshoot of the more established Metulla nearby, in an area known as the 'finger of the Galilee,' which juts up into what is today Lebanon. In 1918, members of the Hashomer organization, a Jewish militia group, formed a kibbutz at Tel Hai, albeit one with very few members."
