The Canon of Medicine (English Wikipedia)

A.C. Brown, Jonathan (2014). Misquoting Muhammad: The Challenge and Choices of Interpreting the Prophet's Legacy. Oneworld Publications. p. 12. ISBN 978-1780744209.
McGinnis, Jon (2010). Avicenna. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 227. ISBN 978-0-19-533147-9.
McGinnis, Jon (2010). Avicenna. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 228. ISBN 978-0-19-533147-9.
Sina, Ibn (980–1037). Avicenna Canon Of Medicine by Ibn Sina Avicenne. Translated by Gruner, Oskar Cameron. AMS Press INC (published 1973). pp. 85–86. ISBN 0404112315.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
Avicenna, and Oskar Cameron Gruner. The Canon of Medicine of Avicenna. 1973 ed. New York, NY: AMS Press, 1973. Originally published as al-Qānūn fī aṭ-Ṭibb. Retrieved 8 November 2018. https://archive.org/details/ AvicennasCanonOfMedicine.

baillement.com

Mohammadali M. Shojaa, R. Shane Tubbsb, Marios Loukasc, Majid Khalilid, Farid Alakbarlie, Aaron A. Cohen-Gadola; Tubbs, RS; Loukas, M; Khalili, M; Alakbarli, F; Cohen-Gadol, AA (29 May 2009). "Vasovagal syncope in the Canon of Avicenna: The first mention of carotid artery hypersensitivity". International Journal of Cardiology. 134 (3). Elsevier: 297–301. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.02.035. PMID 19332359.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

beacukai.go.id

sekretariat.beacukai.go.id

Avicenna, Ibn Sina; Laleh Bakhtiar (1025). Canon of Medicine (PDF) (2nd ed.). New York, NY: AMS Press, Inc. ISBN 0-404-11231-5. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 13 September 2013.

books.google.com

Finger, Stanley (2001). Origins of Neuroscience: A History of Explorations into Brain Function. Oxford University Press. p. 177. ISBN 978-0-19-514694-3.
Lutz, Peter L. (2002). The Rise of Experimental Biology: An Illustrated History. Humana Press. p. 60. ISBN 0-89603-835-1.
Crombie, Alistair Cameron (1971). Robert Grosseteste and the origins of experimental science, 1100–1700. Clarendon Press. p. 79. ISBN 978-0-19-824189-8.

cyberistan.org

George Sarton, Introduction to the History of Science. (cf. Dr. A. Zahoor and Dr. Z. Haq (1997). Quotations From Famous Historians of Science Archived 3 February 2008 at the Wayback Machine, Cyberistan.)

doi.org

Dols, Michael (1984). "Insanity in Byzantine and Islamic Medicine". Dumbarton Oaks Papers. 38: 135–148. doi:10.2307/1291501. JSTOR 1291501. Archived from the original on 9 November 2022. Retrieved 18 December 2021.
Scarborough, John (1988). "Review of Avicenna in Renaissance Italy: The "Canon" and Medical Teaching in Italian Universities after 1500". Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences. 43 (4): 479–481. doi:10.1093/jhmas/43.4.479. ISSN 0022-5045. JSTOR 24632882.
Nasser, Mona; Tibi, Aida; Savage-Smith, Emilie (2009). "Ibn Sina's Canon of Medicine: 11th century rules for assessing the effects of drugs". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 102 (2). PMC: 78–80. doi:10.1258/jrsm.2008.08k040. PMC 2642865. PMID 19208873.
Howell, Trevor H. (1987). "Avicenna and His Regimen of Old Age". Age and Ageing. 16 (1): 58–59. doi:10.1093/ageing/16.1.58. PMID 3551552.
Mohammadali M. Shojaa, R. Shane Tubbsb, Marios Loukasc, Majid Khalilid, Farid Alakbarlie, Aaron A. Cohen-Gadola; Tubbs, RS; Loukas, M; Khalili, M; Alakbarli, F; Cohen-Gadol, AA (29 May 2009). "Vasovagal syncope in the Canon of Avicenna: The first mention of carotid artery hypersensitivity". International Journal of Cardiology. 134 (3). Elsevier: 297–301. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.02.035. PMID 19332359.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Jacquart, Danielle (2008). "Islamic Pharmacology in the Middle Ages: Theories and Substances" (PDF). European Review. 16 (2): 219–227. doi:10.1017/S1062798708000215.
Choopani, Rasool; Mosaddegh, Mahmood; Gir, Ashraf Al-din Gooshah; Emtiazy, Majid (3 May 2012). "Avicenna (Ibn Sina) aspect of atherosclerosis". International Journal of Cardiology. 156 (3): 330. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.01.094. ISSN 0167-5273. PMID 22357428.
Celik, Turgay (2009). "Time to remember Avicenna for his contribution to pulsology". International Journal of Cardiology. 144 (3): 446, author reply 447–8. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.03.082. PMID 19346014.
Abokrysha, Noha (2009). "Ibn Sina (Avicenna) on Pathogenesis of Migraine Compared With the Recent Theories". Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain. 49 (6): 923–927. doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2009.01394.x. ISSN 1526-4610. PMID 19562830. S2CID 14656333.
Shoja, Mohammadali M.; Tubbs, R. Shane; Loukas, Marios; Khalili, Majid; Alakbarli, Farid; Cohen-Gadol, Aaron A. (29 May 2009). "Vasovagal syncope in the Canon of Avicenna: The first mention of carotid artery hypersensitivity". International Journal of Cardiology. 134 (3): 297–301. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.02.035. ISSN 0167-5273. PMID 19332359. Archived from the original on 13 January 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
Zargaran, Arman; Mehdizadeh, Alireza; Zarshenas, Mohamad M.; Mohagheghzadeh, Abdolali (2012). "Avicenna (980–1037 AD)". Journal of Neurology. 259 (2): 389–390. doi:10.1007/s00415-011-6219-2. ISSN 0340-5354. PMID 21887514. S2CID 27037669.
Zargaran, Arman; Zarshenas, Mohammad M.; Karimi, Aliasghar; Yarmohammadi, Hassan; Borhani-Haghighi, Afshin (15 November 2013). "Management of stroke as described by Ibn Sina (Avicenna) in the Canon of Medicine". International Journal of Cardiology. 169 (4): 233–237. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.08.115. ISSN 0167-5273. PMID 24063916. Archived from the original on 13 January 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
Zargaran, Arman; Mehdizadeh, Alireza; Zarshenas, Mohamad M.; Mohagheghzadeh, Abdolali (2012). "Avicenna (980–1037 AD)". Journal of Neurology. 259 (2): 389–390. doi:10.1007/s00415-011-6219-2. ISSN 0340-5354. PMID 21887514. S2CID 27037669.

internationaljournalofcardiology.com

Choopani, Rasool; Mosaddegh, Mahmood; Gir, Ashraf Al-din Gooshah; Emtiazy, Majid (3 May 2012). "Avicenna (Ibn Sina) aspect of atherosclerosis". International Journal of Cardiology. 156 (3): 330. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.01.094. ISSN 0167-5273. PMID 22357428.
Shoja, Mohammadali M.; Tubbs, R. Shane; Loukas, Marios; Khalili, Majid; Alakbarli, Farid; Cohen-Gadol, Aaron A. (29 May 2009). "Vasovagal syncope in the Canon of Avicenna: The first mention of carotid artery hypersensitivity". International Journal of Cardiology. 134 (3): 297–301. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.02.035. ISSN 0167-5273. PMID 19332359. Archived from the original on 13 January 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
Zargaran, Arman; Zarshenas, Mohammad M.; Karimi, Aliasghar; Yarmohammadi, Hassan; Borhani-Haghighi, Afshin (15 November 2013). "Management of stroke as described by Ibn Sina (Avicenna) in the Canon of Medicine". International Journal of Cardiology. 169 (4): 233–237. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.08.115. ISSN 0167-5273. PMID 24063916. Archived from the original on 13 January 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2019.

iranicaonline.org

"Encyclopedia Iranica; Avicenna: Medicine and Biology". Archived from the original on 1 December 2019. Retrieved 20 December 2013.
Musallam, B. "AVICENNA x. Medicine and Biology". Encyclopædia Iranica. Archived from the original on 1 December 2019. Retrieved 10 November 2019.
"Encyclopedia Iranica; The influence of Avicenna on medical studies in the West". Archived from the original on 17 November 2013. Retrieved 19 December 2013.

jstor.org

Dols, Michael (1984). "Insanity in Byzantine and Islamic Medicine". Dumbarton Oaks Papers. 38: 135–148. doi:10.2307/1291501. JSTOR 1291501. Archived from the original on 9 November 2022. Retrieved 18 December 2021.
Siraisi, Nancy G. (1987). Avicenna in Renaissance Italy: The Canon and Medical Teaching in Italian Universities after 1500. Princeton University Press. pp. 19–40. JSTOR j.ctt7zv225.
Scarborough, John (1988). "Review of Avicenna in Renaissance Italy: The "Canon" and Medical Teaching in Italian Universities after 1500". Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences. 43 (4): 479–481. doi:10.1093/jhmas/43.4.479. ISSN 0022-5045. JSTOR 24632882.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Nasser, Mona; Tibi, Aida; Savage-Smith, Emilie (2009). "Ibn Sina's Canon of Medicine: 11th century rules for assessing the effects of drugs". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 102 (2). PMC: 78–80. doi:10.1258/jrsm.2008.08k040. PMC 2642865. PMID 19208873.
Howell, Trevor H. (1987). "Avicenna and His Regimen of Old Age". Age and Ageing. 16 (1): 58–59. doi:10.1093/ageing/16.1.58. PMID 3551552.
Mohammadali M. Shojaa, R. Shane Tubbsb, Marios Loukasc, Majid Khalilid, Farid Alakbarlie, Aaron A. Cohen-Gadola; Tubbs, RS; Loukas, M; Khalili, M; Alakbarli, F; Cohen-Gadol, AA (29 May 2009). "Vasovagal syncope in the Canon of Avicenna: The first mention of carotid artery hypersensitivity". International Journal of Cardiology. 134 (3). Elsevier: 297–301. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.02.035. PMID 19332359.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Choopani, Rasool; Mosaddegh, Mahmood; Gir, Ashraf Al-din Gooshah; Emtiazy, Majid (3 May 2012). "Avicenna (Ibn Sina) aspect of atherosclerosis". International Journal of Cardiology. 156 (3): 330. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.01.094. ISSN 0167-5273. PMID 22357428.
Celik, Turgay (2009). "Time to remember Avicenna for his contribution to pulsology". International Journal of Cardiology. 144 (3): 446, author reply 447–8. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.03.082. PMID 19346014.
Abokrysha, Noha (2009). "Ibn Sina (Avicenna) on Pathogenesis of Migraine Compared With the Recent Theories". Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain. 49 (6): 923–927. doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2009.01394.x. ISSN 1526-4610. PMID 19562830. S2CID 14656333.
Nejabat, M.; Maleki, B.; Nimrouzi, M.; Mahbodi, A.; Salehi, A. (2012). "Avicenna and cataracts: a new analysis of contributions to diagnosis and treatment from the canon". Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal. 14 (5): 265–270. ISSN 2074-1812. PMC 3398632. PMID 22829984.
Shoja, Mohammadali M.; Tubbs, R. Shane; Loukas, Marios; Khalili, Majid; Alakbarli, Farid; Cohen-Gadol, Aaron A. (29 May 2009). "Vasovagal syncope in the Canon of Avicenna: The first mention of carotid artery hypersensitivity". International Journal of Cardiology. 134 (3): 297–301. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.02.035. ISSN 0167-5273. PMID 19332359. Archived from the original on 13 January 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
Zargaran, Arman; Mehdizadeh, Alireza; Zarshenas, Mohamad M.; Mohagheghzadeh, Abdolali (2012). "Avicenna (980–1037 AD)". Journal of Neurology. 259 (2): 389–390. doi:10.1007/s00415-011-6219-2. ISSN 0340-5354. PMID 21887514. S2CID 27037669.
Zargaran, Arman; Zarshenas, Mohammad M.; Karimi, Aliasghar; Yarmohammadi, Hassan; Borhani-Haghighi, Afshin (15 November 2013). "Management of stroke as described by Ibn Sina (Avicenna) in the Canon of Medicine". International Journal of Cardiology. 169 (4): 233–237. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.08.115. ISSN 0167-5273. PMID 24063916. Archived from the original on 13 January 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
Zargaran, Arman; Mehdizadeh, Alireza; Zarshenas, Mohamad M.; Mohagheghzadeh, Abdolali (2012). "Avicenna (980–1037 AD)". Journal of Neurology. 259 (2): 389–390. doi:10.1007/s00415-011-6219-2. ISSN 0340-5354. PMID 21887514. S2CID 27037669.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Nasser, Mona; Tibi, Aida; Savage-Smith, Emilie (2009). "Ibn Sina's Canon of Medicine: 11th century rules for assessing the effects of drugs". Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 102 (2). PMC: 78–80. doi:10.1258/jrsm.2008.08k040. PMC 2642865. PMID 19208873.
Nejabat, M.; Maleki, B.; Nimrouzi, M.; Mahbodi, A.; Salehi, A. (2012). "Avicenna and cataracts: a new analysis of contributions to diagnosis and treatment from the canon". Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal. 14 (5): 265–270. ISSN 2074-1812. PMC 3398632. PMID 22829984.

nlm.nih.gov

"The great systematizers". U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 12 October 2015. the title Qanun, meaning 'canon' or 'codes of law',

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Abokrysha, Noha (2009). "Ibn Sina (Avicenna) on Pathogenesis of Migraine Compared With the Recent Theories". Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain. 49 (6): 923–927. doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2009.01394.x. ISSN 1526-4610. PMID 19562830. S2CID 14656333.
Zargaran, Arman; Mehdizadeh, Alireza; Zarshenas, Mohamad M.; Mohagheghzadeh, Abdolali (2012). "Avicenna (980–1037 AD)". Journal of Neurology. 259 (2): 389–390. doi:10.1007/s00415-011-6219-2. ISSN 0340-5354. PMID 21887514. S2CID 27037669.
Zargaran, Arman; Mehdizadeh, Alireza; Zarshenas, Mohamad M.; Mohagheghzadeh, Abdolali (2012). "Avicenna (980–1037 AD)". Journal of Neurology. 259 (2): 389–390. doi:10.1007/s00415-011-6219-2. ISSN 0340-5354. PMID 21887514. S2CID 27037669.

thefreedictionary.com

medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com

"Aliment: something that nourishes; food". Aliment Archived 26 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine

web.archive.org

Dols, Michael (1984). "Insanity in Byzantine and Islamic Medicine". Dumbarton Oaks Papers. 38: 135–148. doi:10.2307/1291501. JSTOR 1291501. Archived from the original on 9 November 2022. Retrieved 18 December 2021.
"Encyclopedia Iranica; Avicenna: Medicine and Biology". Archived from the original on 1 December 2019. Retrieved 20 December 2013.
Heller, M.; Edelstein, P.; Mayer, M. (2001). Traditional medicine in Asia (PDF). World Health Organization. p. 31. ISBN 9789290222248. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 July 2020. Retrieved 24 April 2020.
Avicenna, Ibn Sina; Laleh Bakhtiar (1025). Canon of Medicine (PDF) (2nd ed.). New York, NY: AMS Press, Inc. ISBN 0-404-11231-5. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 13 September 2013.
"Aliment: something that nourishes; food". Aliment Archived 26 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine
Shoja, Mohammadali M.; Tubbs, R. Shane; Loukas, Marios; Khalili, Majid; Alakbarli, Farid; Cohen-Gadol, Aaron A. (29 May 2009). "Vasovagal syncope in the Canon of Avicenna: The first mention of carotid artery hypersensitivity". International Journal of Cardiology. 134 (3): 297–301. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.02.035. ISSN 0167-5273. PMID 19332359. Archived from the original on 13 January 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
Zargaran, Arman; Zarshenas, Mohammad M.; Karimi, Aliasghar; Yarmohammadi, Hassan; Borhani-Haghighi, Afshin (15 November 2013). "Management of stroke as described by Ibn Sina (Avicenna) in the Canon of Medicine". International Journal of Cardiology. 169 (4): 233–237. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.08.115. ISSN 0167-5273. PMID 24063916. Archived from the original on 13 January 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
Musallam, B. "AVICENNA x. Medicine and Biology". Encyclopædia Iranica. Archived from the original on 1 December 2019. Retrieved 10 November 2019.
"Encyclopedia Iranica; The influence of Avicenna on medical studies in the West". Archived from the original on 17 November 2013. Retrieved 19 December 2013.
"Exhibitions: Spirit and Life – Aga Khan Museum". Archived from the original on 20 June 2012. Retrieved 16 August 2012.
George Sarton, Introduction to the History of Science. (cf. Dr. A. Zahoor and Dr. Z. Haq (1997). Quotations From Famous Historians of Science Archived 3 February 2008 at the Wayback Machine, Cyberistan.)

who.int

origin.searo.who.int

Heller, M.; Edelstein, P.; Mayer, M. (2001). Traditional medicine in Asia (PDF). World Health Organization. p. 31. ISBN 9789290222248. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 July 2020. Retrieved 24 April 2020.

wikispaces.com

cliojournal.wikispaces.com

Jacquart, Danielle (2008). "Islamic Pharmacology in the Middle Ages: Theories and Substances" (PDF). European Review. 16 (2): 219–227. doi:10.1017/S1062798708000215.

worldcat.org

Scarborough, John (1988). "Review of Avicenna in Renaissance Italy: The "Canon" and Medical Teaching in Italian Universities after 1500". Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences. 43 (4): 479–481. doi:10.1093/jhmas/43.4.479. ISSN 0022-5045. JSTOR 24632882.
Avicenna, 980–1037. (1973). A treatise on the Canon of medicine of Avicenna, incorporating a translation of the first book. Gruner, Oskar Cameron. [New York]: [AMS Press]. ISBN 0404112315. OCLC 677548.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
Choopani, Rasool; Mosaddegh, Mahmood; Gir, Ashraf Al-din Gooshah; Emtiazy, Majid (3 May 2012). "Avicenna (Ibn Sina) aspect of atherosclerosis". International Journal of Cardiology. 156 (3): 330. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.01.094. ISSN 0167-5273. PMID 22357428.
Abokrysha, Noha (2009). "Ibn Sina (Avicenna) on Pathogenesis of Migraine Compared With the Recent Theories". Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain. 49 (6): 923–927. doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2009.01394.x. ISSN 1526-4610. PMID 19562830. S2CID 14656333.
Nejabat, M.; Maleki, B.; Nimrouzi, M.; Mahbodi, A.; Salehi, A. (2012). "Avicenna and cataracts: a new analysis of contributions to diagnosis and treatment from the canon". Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal. 14 (5): 265–270. ISSN 2074-1812. PMC 3398632. PMID 22829984.
Shoja, Mohammadali M.; Tubbs, R. Shane; Loukas, Marios; Khalili, Majid; Alakbarli, Farid; Cohen-Gadol, Aaron A. (29 May 2009). "Vasovagal syncope in the Canon of Avicenna: The first mention of carotid artery hypersensitivity". International Journal of Cardiology. 134 (3): 297–301. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.02.035. ISSN 0167-5273. PMID 19332359. Archived from the original on 13 January 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
Zargaran, Arman; Mehdizadeh, Alireza; Zarshenas, Mohamad M.; Mohagheghzadeh, Abdolali (2012). "Avicenna (980–1037 AD)". Journal of Neurology. 259 (2): 389–390. doi:10.1007/s00415-011-6219-2. ISSN 0340-5354. PMID 21887514. S2CID 27037669.
Zargaran, Arman; Zarshenas, Mohammad M.; Karimi, Aliasghar; Yarmohammadi, Hassan; Borhani-Haghighi, Afshin (15 November 2013). "Management of stroke as described by Ibn Sina (Avicenna) in the Canon of Medicine". International Journal of Cardiology. 169 (4): 233–237. doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.08.115. ISSN 0167-5273. PMID 24063916. Archived from the original on 13 January 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2019.
Zargaran, Arman; Mehdizadeh, Alireza; Zarshenas, Mohamad M.; Mohagheghzadeh, Abdolali (2012). "Avicenna (980–1037 AD)". Journal of Neurology. 259 (2): 389–390. doi:10.1007/s00415-011-6219-2. ISSN 0340-5354. PMID 21887514. S2CID 27037669.