Thick disk (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Thick disk" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

21harvard.edu

18^th place

17^th place

21doi.org

2^nd place

18arxiv.org

69^th place

59^th place

14semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

9worldcat.org

5^th place

1oxfordjournals.org

1,389^th place

2,996^th place

1phys.org

1,283^rd place

1,130^th place

arxiv.org (Global: 69^th place; English: 59^th place)

Tkachenko, R.; et al. (2025). "Determining the Scale Length and Height of the Milky Way's Thick Disc Using RR Lyrae". Universe. 11 (4): 132. arXiv:2505.00780. Bibcode:2025Univ...11..132T. doi:10.3390/universe11040132.
Kordopatis, G.; et al. (2011). "A spectroscopic survey of thick disc stars outside the solar neighbourhood". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 535: A107. arXiv:1110.5221. Bibcode:2011A&A...535A.107K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201117373. S2CID 118616147.
Bensby, T.; Alves-Brito, A.; Oey, M. S.; Yong, D.; Meléndez, J. (2011-07-01). "A First Constraint on the Thick Disk Scale Length: Differential Radial Abundances in K Giants at Galactocentric Radii 4, 8, and 12 kpc". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 735 (2): L46. arXiv:1106.1914. Bibcode:2011ApJ...735L..46B. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/735/2/L46. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 119266731.
Martig, Marie; Minchev, Ivan; Ness, Melissa; Fouesneau, Morgan; Rix, Hans-Walter (2016-11-01). "A Radial Age Gradient in the Geometrically Thick Disk of the Milky Way". The Astrophysical Journal. 831 (2): 139. arXiv:1609.01168. Bibcode:2016ApJ...831..139M. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/831/2/139. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 54652169.
Kasparova, A. (2016). "The Diversity of Thick Galactic Discs". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters. 460 (1): 89–93. arXiv:1604.07624. Bibcode:2016MNRAS.460L..89K. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slw083.
Villalobos, Álvaro; Helmi, Amina (2008-12-01). "Simulations of minor mergers - I. General properties of thick discs". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 391 (4): 1806–1827. arXiv:0803.2323. Bibcode:2008MNRAS.391.1806V. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13979.x. ISSN 0035-8711. S2CID 14881474.
Steinmetz, M. (2012). "The Galactic thin and thick disk". Astronomische Nachrichten. 333 (5–6): 523–529. arXiv:1205.6098. Bibcode:2012AN....333..523S. doi:10.1002/asna.201211698. S2CID 119112515.
Bensby, T.; Feltzing, F. (2009). The galactic thin and thick discs in the context of galaxy formation. IAU Symposium. Vol. 265. pp. 300–303. arXiv:0908.3807. Bibcode:2010IAUS..265..300B. doi:10.1017/S1743921310000773. S2CID 18562648.
Schoenrich, R.; Binney, J. (2009). "Chemical evolution with radial migration" (PDF). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 396 (1): 203–222. arXiv:0809.3006. Bibcode:2009MNRAS.396..203S. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14750.x. S2CID 14749516.
Loebman, S.R.; Roškar, R.; Debattista, V.P.; Ivezić, Ž.; Quinn, T.R.; Wadsley, J. (2011). "The genesis of the Milky Way's thick disk via stellar migration". The Astrophysical Journal. 737 (1): 8. arXiv:1009.5997. Bibcode:2011ApJ...737....8L. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/737/1/8. S2CID 21097464.
Brook, C.B.; Kawata, D.; Gibson, B.K.; Freeman, K.C. (2004). "The emergence of the thick disk in a CDM universe". The Astrophysical Journal. 612 (2): 894–899. arXiv:astro-ph/0405306. Bibcode:2004ApJ...612..894B. doi:10.1086/422709. S2CID 54633942.
Bournaud, Frédéric; Elmegreen, Bruce G.; Martig, Marie (December 2009). "The thick disks of spiral galaxies as relics from gas-rich, turbulent, clumpy disks at high redshift". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 707 (1): L1–L5. arXiv:0910.3677. Bibcode:2009ApJ...707L...1B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/707/1/L1. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 118528894.
Minchev, I.; Martig, M.; Streich, D.; Scannapieco, C.; de Jong, R.S.; Steinmetz, M. (2015-04-24). "On the formation of galactic thick disks". The Astrophysical Journal. 804 (1): L9. arXiv:1502.06606. Bibcode:2015ApJ...804L...9M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/804/1/L9. ISSN 2041-8213. S2CID 59389858.
Clarke, A.; Debattista, V.P.; Nidever, D. (April 2019). "The imprint of clump formation at high redshift - I. A disc alpha-abundance dichotomy". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 484 (3): 3476–3490. arXiv:1901.00931. Bibcode:2019MNRAS.484.3476C. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz104. ISSN 0004-637X.
Beraldo e Silva, L.; Debattista, V.P.; Khachaturyants, T. (March 2020). "Geometric properties of galactic discs with clumpy episodes". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 492 (4): 4716–4726. arXiv:1911.03717. Bibcode:2020MNRAS.492.4716B. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa065. ISSN 0004-637X.
Yoachim, P.; Dalcanton, J. (2012). "Structural Parameters of Thin and Thick Disks in Edge-On Disk Galaxies". The Astronomical Journal. 131 (1): 226–249. arXiv:astro-ph/0508460. Bibcode:2006AJ....131..226Y. doi:10.1086/497970. S2CID 2219155.
Bovy, Jo; Rix, Hans-Walter; Liu, Chao; Hogg, David W.; Beers, Timothy C.; Lee, Young Sun (2012-07-01). "The Spatial Structure of Mono-abundance Sub-populations of the Milky Way Disk". The Astrophysical Journal. 753 (2): 148. arXiv:1111.1724. Bibcode:2012ApJ...753..148B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/753/2/148. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 118530729.
Bovy, J.; Rix, H.- W.; Hogg, D. W. (2012). "The Milky Way Has No Distinct Thick Disk". The Astrophysical Journal. 751 (2): 131. arXiv:1111.6585. Bibcode:2012ApJ...751..131B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/751/2/131. S2CID 119299930.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Burstein, D. (1979-12-01). "Structure and origin of S0 galaxies. III - The luminosity distribution perpendicular to the plane of the disks in S0's". The Astrophysical Journal. 234: 829–836. Bibcode:1979ApJ...234..829B. doi:10.1086/157563. ISSN 0004-637X.
Gilmore, G.; Reid, N. (1983). "New light on faint stars. III - Galactic structure towards the South Pole and the Galactic thick disc". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 202 (4): 1025. Bibcode:1983MNRAS.202.1025G. doi:10.1093/mnras/202.4.1025.
Tkachenko, R.; et al. (2025). "Determining the Scale Length and Height of the Milky Way's Thick Disc Using RR Lyrae". Universe. 11 (4): 132. arXiv:2505.00780. Bibcode:2025Univ...11..132T. doi:10.3390/universe11040132.
Kordopatis, G.; et al. (2011). "A spectroscopic survey of thick disc stars outside the solar neighbourhood". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 535: A107. arXiv:1110.5221. Bibcode:2011A&A...535A.107K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201117373. S2CID 118616147.
Freeman, K. C. (2010). "The HERMES Project: Reconstructing Galaxy Formation". In Block, D. L.; Freeman, K. C.; Puerari, I. (eds.). Galaxies and their Masks. Springer. p. 319. Bibcode:2010gama.conf..319F. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-7317-7_27. ISBN 978-1-4419-7316-0.
Bensby, T.; Alves-Brito, A.; Oey, M. S.; Yong, D.; Meléndez, J. (2011-07-01). "A First Constraint on the Thick Disk Scale Length: Differential Radial Abundances in K Giants at Galactocentric Radii 4, 8, and 12 kpc". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 735 (2): L46. arXiv:1106.1914. Bibcode:2011ApJ...735L..46B. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/735/2/L46. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 119266731.
Martig, Marie; Minchev, Ivan; Ness, Melissa; Fouesneau, Morgan; Rix, Hans-Walter (2016-11-01). "A Radial Age Gradient in the Geometrically Thick Disk of the Milky Way". The Astrophysical Journal. 831 (2): 139. arXiv:1609.01168. Bibcode:2016ApJ...831..139M. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/831/2/139. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 54652169.
Kasparova, A. (2016). "The Diversity of Thick Galactic Discs". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters. 460 (1): 89–93. arXiv:1604.07624. Bibcode:2016MNRAS.460L..89K. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slw083.
Villalobos, Álvaro; Helmi, Amina (2008-12-01). "Simulations of minor mergers - I. General properties of thick discs". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 391 (4): 1806–1827. arXiv:0803.2323. Bibcode:2008MNRAS.391.1806V. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13979.x. ISSN 0035-8711. S2CID 14881474.
Steinmetz, M. (2012). "The Galactic thin and thick disk". Astronomische Nachrichten. 333 (5–6): 523–529. arXiv:1205.6098. Bibcode:2012AN....333..523S. doi:10.1002/asna.201211698. S2CID 119112515.
Bensby, T.; Feltzing, F. (2009). The galactic thin and thick discs in the context of galaxy formation. IAU Symposium. Vol. 265. pp. 300–303. arXiv:0908.3807. Bibcode:2010IAUS..265..300B. doi:10.1017/S1743921310000773. S2CID 18562648.
Schoenrich, R.; Binney, J. (2009). "Chemical evolution with radial migration" (PDF). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 396 (1): 203–222. arXiv:0809.3006. Bibcode:2009MNRAS.396..203S. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14750.x. S2CID 14749516.
Loebman, S.R.; Roškar, R.; Debattista, V.P.; Ivezić, Ž.; Quinn, T.R.; Wadsley, J. (2011). "The genesis of the Milky Way's thick disk via stellar migration". The Astrophysical Journal. 737 (1): 8. arXiv:1009.5997. Bibcode:2011ApJ...737....8L. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/737/1/8. S2CID 21097464.
Brook, C.B.; Kawata, D.; Gibson, B.K.; Freeman, K.C. (2004). "The emergence of the thick disk in a CDM universe". The Astrophysical Journal. 612 (2): 894–899. arXiv:astro-ph/0405306. Bibcode:2004ApJ...612..894B. doi:10.1086/422709. S2CID 54633942.
Bournaud, Frédéric; Elmegreen, Bruce G.; Martig, Marie (December 2009). "The thick disks of spiral galaxies as relics from gas-rich, turbulent, clumpy disks at high redshift". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 707 (1): L1–L5. arXiv:0910.3677. Bibcode:2009ApJ...707L...1B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/707/1/L1. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 118528894.
Minchev, I.; Martig, M.; Streich, D.; Scannapieco, C.; de Jong, R.S.; Steinmetz, M. (2015-04-24). "On the formation of galactic thick disks". The Astrophysical Journal. 804 (1): L9. arXiv:1502.06606. Bibcode:2015ApJ...804L...9M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/804/1/L9. ISSN 2041-8213. S2CID 59389858.
Clarke, A.; Debattista, V.P.; Nidever, D. (April 2019). "The imprint of clump formation at high redshift - I. A disc alpha-abundance dichotomy". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 484 (3): 3476–3490. arXiv:1901.00931. Bibcode:2019MNRAS.484.3476C. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz104. ISSN 0004-637X.
Beraldo e Silva, L.; Debattista, V.P.; Khachaturyants, T. (March 2020). "Geometric properties of galactic discs with clumpy episodes". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 492 (4): 4716–4726. arXiv:1911.03717. Bibcode:2020MNRAS.492.4716B. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa065. ISSN 0004-637X.
Yoachim, P.; Dalcanton, J. (2012). "Structural Parameters of Thin and Thick Disks in Edge-On Disk Galaxies". The Astronomical Journal. 131 (1): 226–249. arXiv:astro-ph/0508460. Bibcode:2006AJ....131..226Y. doi:10.1086/497970. S2CID 2219155.
Bovy, Jo; Rix, Hans-Walter; Liu, Chao; Hogg, David W.; Beers, Timothy C.; Lee, Young Sun (2012-07-01). "The Spatial Structure of Mono-abundance Sub-populations of the Milky Way Disk". The Astrophysical Journal. 753 (2): 148. arXiv:1111.1724. Bibcode:2012ApJ...753..148B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/753/2/148. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 118530729.
Bovy, J.; Rix, H.- W.; Hogg, D. W. (2012). "The Milky Way Has No Distinct Thick Disk". The Astrophysical Journal. 751 (2): 131. arXiv:1111.6585. Bibcode:2012ApJ...751..131B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/751/2/131. S2CID 119299930.

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Burstein, D. (1979-12-01). "Structure and origin of S0 galaxies. III - The luminosity distribution perpendicular to the plane of the disks in S0's". The Astrophysical Journal. 234: 829–836. Bibcode:1979ApJ...234..829B. doi:10.1086/157563. ISSN 0004-637X.
Gilmore, G.; Reid, N. (1983). "New light on faint stars. III - Galactic structure towards the South Pole and the Galactic thick disc". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 202 (4): 1025. Bibcode:1983MNRAS.202.1025G. doi:10.1093/mnras/202.4.1025.
Tkachenko, R.; et al. (2025). "Determining the Scale Length and Height of the Milky Way's Thick Disc Using RR Lyrae". Universe. 11 (4): 132. arXiv:2505.00780. Bibcode:2025Univ...11..132T. doi:10.3390/universe11040132.
Kordopatis, G.; et al. (2011). "A spectroscopic survey of thick disc stars outside the solar neighbourhood". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 535: A107. arXiv:1110.5221. Bibcode:2011A&A...535A.107K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201117373. S2CID 118616147.
Freeman, K. C. (2010). "The HERMES Project: Reconstructing Galaxy Formation". In Block, D. L.; Freeman, K. C.; Puerari, I. (eds.). Galaxies and their Masks. Springer. p. 319. Bibcode:2010gama.conf..319F. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-7317-7_27. ISBN 978-1-4419-7316-0.
Bensby, T.; Alves-Brito, A.; Oey, M. S.; Yong, D.; Meléndez, J. (2011-07-01). "A First Constraint on the Thick Disk Scale Length: Differential Radial Abundances in K Giants at Galactocentric Radii 4, 8, and 12 kpc". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 735 (2): L46. arXiv:1106.1914. Bibcode:2011ApJ...735L..46B. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/735/2/L46. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 119266731.
Martig, Marie; Minchev, Ivan; Ness, Melissa; Fouesneau, Morgan; Rix, Hans-Walter (2016-11-01). "A Radial Age Gradient in the Geometrically Thick Disk of the Milky Way". The Astrophysical Journal. 831 (2): 139. arXiv:1609.01168. Bibcode:2016ApJ...831..139M. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/831/2/139. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 54652169.
Kasparova, A. (2016). "The Diversity of Thick Galactic Discs". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters. 460 (1): 89–93. arXiv:1604.07624. Bibcode:2016MNRAS.460L..89K. doi:10.1093/mnrasl/slw083.
Villalobos, Álvaro; Helmi, Amina (2008-12-01). "Simulations of minor mergers - I. General properties of thick discs". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 391 (4): 1806–1827. arXiv:0803.2323. Bibcode:2008MNRAS.391.1806V. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13979.x. ISSN 0035-8711. S2CID 14881474.
Steinmetz, M. (2012). "The Galactic thin and thick disk". Astronomische Nachrichten. 333 (5–6): 523–529. arXiv:1205.6098. Bibcode:2012AN....333..523S. doi:10.1002/asna.201211698. S2CID 119112515.
Bensby, T.; Feltzing, F. (2009). The galactic thin and thick discs in the context of galaxy formation. IAU Symposium. Vol. 265. pp. 300–303. arXiv:0908.3807. Bibcode:2010IAUS..265..300B. doi:10.1017/S1743921310000773. S2CID 18562648.
Schoenrich, R.; Binney, J. (2009). "Chemical evolution with radial migration" (PDF). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 396 (1): 203–222. arXiv:0809.3006. Bibcode:2009MNRAS.396..203S. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14750.x. S2CID 14749516.
Loebman, S.R.; Roškar, R.; Debattista, V.P.; Ivezić, Ž.; Quinn, T.R.; Wadsley, J. (2011). "The genesis of the Milky Way's thick disk via stellar migration". The Astrophysical Journal. 737 (1): 8. arXiv:1009.5997. Bibcode:2011ApJ...737....8L. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/737/1/8. S2CID 21097464.
Brook, C.B.; Kawata, D.; Gibson, B.K.; Freeman, K.C. (2004). "The emergence of the thick disk in a CDM universe". The Astrophysical Journal. 612 (2): 894–899. arXiv:astro-ph/0405306. Bibcode:2004ApJ...612..894B. doi:10.1086/422709. S2CID 54633942.
Bournaud, Frédéric; Elmegreen, Bruce G.; Martig, Marie (December 2009). "The thick disks of spiral galaxies as relics from gas-rich, turbulent, clumpy disks at high redshift". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 707 (1): L1–L5. arXiv:0910.3677. Bibcode:2009ApJ...707L...1B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/707/1/L1. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 118528894.
Minchev, I.; Martig, M.; Streich, D.; Scannapieco, C.; de Jong, R.S.; Steinmetz, M. (2015-04-24). "On the formation of galactic thick disks". The Astrophysical Journal. 804 (1): L9. arXiv:1502.06606. Bibcode:2015ApJ...804L...9M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/804/1/L9. ISSN 2041-8213. S2CID 59389858.
Clarke, A.; Debattista, V.P.; Nidever, D. (April 2019). "The imprint of clump formation at high redshift - I. A disc alpha-abundance dichotomy". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 484 (3): 3476–3490. arXiv:1901.00931. Bibcode:2019MNRAS.484.3476C. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz104. ISSN 0004-637X.
Beraldo e Silva, L.; Debattista, V.P.; Khachaturyants, T. (March 2020). "Geometric properties of galactic discs with clumpy episodes". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 492 (4): 4716–4726. arXiv:1911.03717. Bibcode:2020MNRAS.492.4716B. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa065. ISSN 0004-637X.
Yoachim, P.; Dalcanton, J. (2012). "Structural Parameters of Thin and Thick Disks in Edge-On Disk Galaxies". The Astronomical Journal. 131 (1): 226–249. arXiv:astro-ph/0508460. Bibcode:2006AJ....131..226Y. doi:10.1086/497970. S2CID 2219155.
Bovy, Jo; Rix, Hans-Walter; Liu, Chao; Hogg, David W.; Beers, Timothy C.; Lee, Young Sun (2012-07-01). "The Spatial Structure of Mono-abundance Sub-populations of the Milky Way Disk". The Astrophysical Journal. 753 (2): 148. arXiv:1111.1724. Bibcode:2012ApJ...753..148B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/753/2/148. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 118530729.
Bovy, J.; Rix, H.- W.; Hogg, D. W. (2012). "The Milky Way Has No Distinct Thick Disk". The Astrophysical Journal. 751 (2): 131. arXiv:1111.6585. Bibcode:2012ApJ...751..131B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/751/2/131. S2CID 119299930.

oxfordjournals.org (Global: 1,389^th place; English: 2,996^th place)

mnras.oxfordjournals.org

Schoenrich, R.; Binney, J. (2009). "Chemical evolution with radial migration" (PDF). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 396 (1): 203–222. arXiv:0809.3006. Bibcode:2009MNRAS.396..203S. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14750.x. S2CID 14749516.

phys.org (Global: 1,283^rd place; English: 1,130^th place)

Fohlmeister, J. (24 April 2015). "The riddle of galactic thin–thick disk solved". News. Phys.org. Retrieved 24 May 2015.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 11^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Kordopatis, G.; et al. (2011). "A spectroscopic survey of thick disc stars outside the solar neighbourhood". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 535: A107. arXiv:1110.5221. Bibcode:2011A&A...535A.107K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201117373. S2CID 118616147.
Bensby, T.; Alves-Brito, A.; Oey, M. S.; Yong, D.; Meléndez, J. (2011-07-01). "A First Constraint on the Thick Disk Scale Length: Differential Radial Abundances in K Giants at Galactocentric Radii 4, 8, and 12 kpc". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 735 (2): L46. arXiv:1106.1914. Bibcode:2011ApJ...735L..46B. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/735/2/L46. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 119266731.
Martig, Marie; Minchev, Ivan; Ness, Melissa; Fouesneau, Morgan; Rix, Hans-Walter (2016-11-01). "A Radial Age Gradient in the Geometrically Thick Disk of the Milky Way". The Astrophysical Journal. 831 (2): 139. arXiv:1609.01168. Bibcode:2016ApJ...831..139M. doi:10.3847/0004-637X/831/2/139. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 54652169.
Villalobos, Álvaro; Helmi, Amina (2008-12-01). "Simulations of minor mergers - I. General properties of thick discs". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 391 (4): 1806–1827. arXiv:0803.2323. Bibcode:2008MNRAS.391.1806V. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13979.x. ISSN 0035-8711. S2CID 14881474.
Steinmetz, M. (2012). "The Galactic thin and thick disk". Astronomische Nachrichten. 333 (5–6): 523–529. arXiv:1205.6098. Bibcode:2012AN....333..523S. doi:10.1002/asna.201211698. S2CID 119112515.
Bensby, T.; Feltzing, F. (2009). The galactic thin and thick discs in the context of galaxy formation. IAU Symposium. Vol. 265. pp. 300–303. arXiv:0908.3807. Bibcode:2010IAUS..265..300B. doi:10.1017/S1743921310000773. S2CID 18562648.
Schoenrich, R.; Binney, J. (2009). "Chemical evolution with radial migration" (PDF). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 396 (1): 203–222. arXiv:0809.3006. Bibcode:2009MNRAS.396..203S. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14750.x. S2CID 14749516.
Loebman, S.R.; Roškar, R.; Debattista, V.P.; Ivezić, Ž.; Quinn, T.R.; Wadsley, J. (2011). "The genesis of the Milky Way's thick disk via stellar migration". The Astrophysical Journal. 737 (1): 8. arXiv:1009.5997. Bibcode:2011ApJ...737....8L. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/737/1/8. S2CID 21097464.
Brook, C.B.; Kawata, D.; Gibson, B.K.; Freeman, K.C. (2004). "The emergence of the thick disk in a CDM universe". The Astrophysical Journal. 612 (2): 894–899. arXiv:astro-ph/0405306. Bibcode:2004ApJ...612..894B. doi:10.1086/422709. S2CID 54633942.
Bournaud, Frédéric; Elmegreen, Bruce G.; Martig, Marie (December 2009). "The thick disks of spiral galaxies as relics from gas-rich, turbulent, clumpy disks at high redshift". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 707 (1): L1–L5. arXiv:0910.3677. Bibcode:2009ApJ...707L...1B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/707/1/L1. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 118528894.
Minchev, I.; Martig, M.; Streich, D.; Scannapieco, C.; de Jong, R.S.; Steinmetz, M. (2015-04-24). "On the formation of galactic thick disks". The Astrophysical Journal. 804 (1): L9. arXiv:1502.06606. Bibcode:2015ApJ...804L...9M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/804/1/L9. ISSN 2041-8213. S2CID 59389858.
Yoachim, P.; Dalcanton, J. (2012). "Structural Parameters of Thin and Thick Disks in Edge-On Disk Galaxies". The Astronomical Journal. 131 (1): 226–249. arXiv:astro-ph/0508460. Bibcode:2006AJ....131..226Y. doi:10.1086/497970. S2CID 2219155.
Bovy, Jo; Rix, Hans-Walter; Liu, Chao; Hogg, David W.; Beers, Timothy C.; Lee, Young Sun (2012-07-01). "The Spatial Structure of Mono-abundance Sub-populations of the Milky Way Disk". The Astrophysical Journal. 753 (2): 148. arXiv:1111.1724. Bibcode:2012ApJ...753..148B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/753/2/148. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 118530729.
Bovy, J.; Rix, H.- W.; Hogg, D. W. (2012). "The Milky Way Has No Distinct Thick Disk". The Astrophysical Journal. 751 (2): 131. arXiv:1111.6585. Bibcode:2012ApJ...751..131B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/751/2/131. S2CID 119299930.

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; English: 5^th place)

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Clarke, A.; Debattista, V.P.; Nidever, D. (April 2019). "The imprint of clump formation at high redshift - I. A disc alpha-abundance dichotomy". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 484 (3): 3476–3490. arXiv:1901.00931. Bibcode:2019MNRAS.484.3476C. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz104. ISSN 0004-637X.
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Bovy, Jo; Rix, Hans-Walter; Liu, Chao; Hogg, David W.; Beers, Timothy C.; Lee, Young Sun (2012-07-01). "The Spatial Structure of Mono-abundance Sub-populations of the Milky Way Disk". The Astrophysical Journal. 753 (2): 148. arXiv:1111.1724. Bibcode:2012ApJ...753..148B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/753/2/148. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 118530729.

Thick disk (English Wikipedia)

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