Three Laws of Robotics (English Wikipedia)

Originally in a speech entitled "A Load of Crystal Balls Archived 2024-09-25 at the Wayback Machine" at the Novacon SF convention in 1985; published 1986 in the fanzine Prevert #15; collected in Platen Stories (1987) and the 2015 ebook version of The Silence of the Langford

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Sharma, Mrinank (July 1980). "On Variations on a Robot". IASFM: 56–81. Reprinted in James Gunn. (1982). Isaac Asimov: The Foundations of Science Fiction. Oxford u.a.: Oxford Univ. Pr. ISBN 978-0-19-503060-0.
Isaac Asimov (1964). "Introduction". The Rest of the Robots. Doubleday. ISBN 978-0-385-09041-4. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help)
Gunn, James (July 1980). "On Variations on a Robot". IASFM: 56–81. Reprinted in James Gunn. (1982). Isaac Asimov: The Foundations of Science Fiction. Oxford u.a.: Oxford Univ. Pr. ISBN 978-0-19-503060-0.
Asimov, Isaac (1979). In Memory Yet Green. Doubleday. p. 237. ISBN 978-0-380-75432-8.
Patrouch, Joseph F. (1974). The Science Fiction of Isaac Asimov. Doubleday. p. 42. ISBN 978-0-385-08696-7.
Patrouch, Joseph F. (1974). The Science Fiction of Isaac Asimov. Doubleday. p. 42. ISBN 978-0-385-08696-7.
Asimov, Isaac (1980). In Joy Still Felt. Doubleday. p. 61. ISBN 978-0-385-15544-1.
Asimov, Isaac (November 1981). "The Three Laws". Compute!. p. 18. Retrieved 26 October 2013.
"Conversation with Harold Channer - Episode 4628". 9 April 2020. Archived from the original on 25 September 2024. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
Asimov, Isaac (1985). Robots and Empire. Doubleday books. p. 151. ISBN 978-0-385-19092-3. although the woman looked as human as Daneel did, she was just as nonhuman
Brin, David (1999). Foundation's Triumph. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-105241-5.
Asimov, Isaac; Stanley Asimov (1995). Yours, Isaac Asimov: A Life in Letters. Doubleday. ISBN 978-0-385-47622-5.

avclub.com (Global: 227^th place; English: 126^th place)

"Suggested by" Isaac Asimov's robot stories—two stops removed from "based on" and "inspired by", the credit implies something scribbled on a bar napkin—Alex Proyas' science-fiction thriller I, Robot sprinkles Asimov's ideas like seasoning on a giant bucket of popcorn. [...] Asimov's simple and seemingly foolproof Laws of Robotics, designed to protect human beings and robots alike from harm, are subject to loopholes that the author loved to exploit. After all, much of humanity agrees in principle to abide by the Ten Commandments, but free will, circumstance, and contradictory impulses can find wiggle room in even the most unambiguous decree. Whenever I, Robot pauses between action beats, Proyas captures some of the excitement of movies like The Matrix, Minority Report, and A.I., all of which proved that philosophy and social commentary could be smuggled into spectacle. Had the film been based on Asimov's stories, rather than merely "suggested by" them, Proyas might have achieved the intellectual heft missing from his stylish 1998 cult favorite Dark City. Tobias, Scott (20 July 2004). "review of I, Robot". The Onion A.V. Club. Archived from the original on 9 November 2005. Retrieved 2006-06-12.

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news.bbc.co.uk

"Robotic age poses ethical dilemma". BBC News. 2007-03-07. Archived from the original on 2024-09-25. Retrieved 2007-03-07.
Dowling, Stephen (4 August 2004). "A fresh prince in a robot's world". BBC News. Archived from the original on 25 September 2024. Retrieved 11 November 2010.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Don D'Ammassa (2005). "Allen, Roger MacBride". Encyclopedia of science fiction. Infobase Publishing. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-8160-5924-9. Archived from the original on 2024-09-25. Retrieved 2016-05-18.
Heward Wilkinson (2009). The Muse as Therapist: A New Poetic Paradigm for Psychotherapy. Karnac Books. pp. 22–23. ISBN 978-1-85575-595-6. Archived from the original on 2024-09-25. Retrieved 2016-05-18.

cmu.edu (Global: 2,125^th place; English: 1,347^th place)

frc.ri.cmu.edu

Moravec, Hans. "The Age of Robots", Extro 1, Proceedings of the First Extropy Institute Conference on TransHumanist Thought (1994) pp. 84–100. June 1993 version Archived 2006-06-15 at the Wayback Machine available online.

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Clarke, Roger. Asimov's laws of robotics: Implications for information technology. Part 1: IEEE Computer, December 1993, p53–61. Archived 2005-04-10 at the Wayback Machine Part 2: IEEE Computer, Jan 1994, p57–66. Archived 2017-03-11 at the Wayback Machine Both parts are available without fee at Archived 2011-10-07 at the Wayback Machine. Under "Enhancements to codes of ethics".

depauw.edu (Global: 9,973^rd place; English: 5,917^th place)

"Conversation with Isaac Asimov". 1 March 1987. Archived from the original on 3 August 2025.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Ashrafian, Hutan (2014). "AIonAI: A Humanitarian Law of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics". Science and Engineering Ethics. 21 (1): 29–40. doi:10.1007/s11948-013-9513-9. PMID 24414678. S2CID 2821971.
Murphy, Robin; Woods, David D. (July 2009). "Beyond Asimov: The Three Laws of Responsible Robotics" (PDF). IEEE Intelligent Systems. 24 (4): 14–20. Bibcode:2009IISys..24d..14H. doi:10.1109/mis.2009.69. S2CID 3165389. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-04-09. Retrieved 2014-07-30.
Sawyer, Robert J. (16 November 2007). "Guest Editorial: Robot Ethics". Science. 318 (5853): 1037. doi:10.1126/science.1151606. PMID 18006710. Archived from the original on 2024-09-25. Retrieved 2010-10-10.

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Branislav L. Slantchev. "Foundation and Earth (1986)". gotterdammerung.org. Archived from the original on 25 September 2024. Retrieved 11 November 2010.

h2g2.com (Global: 9,307^th place; English: 5,970^th place)

"Isaac Asimov". BBC. 23 October 2008. Archived from the original on 10 January 2010. Retrieved 11 November 2010.
"'The Complete Robot' by Isaac Asimov". BBC. 3 November 2000. Retrieved 11 November 2010. The answer is that it had had its First Law modified

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proceedings.iclr.cc

Mrinank, Sharma et. al, "Towards Understanding Sycophancy in Large Language Models" | https://proceedings.iclr.cc/paper_files/paper/2024/file/0105f7972202c1d4fb817da9f21a9663-Paper-Conference.pdf

imdb.com (Global: 22^nd place; English: 33^rd place)

"Aliens (1986) – Memorable quotes". IMDb.com. Archived from the original on 2024-09-25. Retrieved 2015-03-28.

isfdb.org (Global: 967^th place; English: 1,014^th place)

Three Laws of Robotics title listing at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database

nationalarchives.gov.uk (Global: 718^th place; English: 414^th place)

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"Principles of robotics – EPSRC website". Epsrc.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 2024-09-25. Retrieved 2022-11-17.

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pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Ashrafian, Hutan (2014). "AIonAI: A Humanitarian Law of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics". Science and Engineering Ethics. 21 (1): 29–40. doi:10.1007/s11948-013-9513-9. PMID 24414678. S2CID 2821971.
Sawyer, Robert J. (16 November 2007). "Guest Editorial: Robot Ethics". Science. 318 (5853): 1037. doi:10.1126/science.1151606. PMID 18006710. Archived from the original on 2024-09-25. Retrieved 2010-10-10.

nullfile.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Isaac Asimov. I, Robot (Asimov, Isaac - I, Robot.pdf). p. 122. Retrieved 11 November 2010.
Isaac Asimov. I, Robot (Asimov, Isaac - I, Robot.pdf). p. 75. Retrieved 11 November 2010.

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researchnews.osu.edu

"Want Responsible Robotics? Start With Responsible Humans". Researchnews.osu.edu. Archived from the original on 2016-02-15. Retrieved 2015-03-28.

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"Four Kinds of Ethical Robots". Archived from the original on 2023-06-04. Retrieved 2016-12-05.

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Clarke, Roger. Asimov's laws of robotics: Implications for information technology. Part 1: IEEE Computer, December 1993, p53–61. Archived 2005-04-10 at the Wayback Machine Part 2: IEEE Computer, Jan 1994, p57–66. Archived 2017-03-11 at the Wayback Machine Both parts are available without fee at Archived 2011-10-07 at the Wayback Machine. Under "Enhancements to codes of ethics".

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Ashrafian, Hutan (2014). "AIonAI: A Humanitarian Law of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics". Science and Engineering Ethics. 21 (1): 29–40. doi:10.1007/s11948-013-9513-9. PMID 24414678. S2CID 2821971.
Murphy, Robin; Woods, David D. (July 2009). "Beyond Asimov: The Three Laws of Responsible Robotics" (PDF). IEEE Intelligent Systems. 24 (4): 14–20. Bibcode:2009IISys..24d..14H. doi:10.1109/mis.2009.69. S2CID 3165389. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-04-09. Retrieved 2014-07-30.

sffportal.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Lawful Little Country: The Bulgarian Laws of Robotics | The Portal". Archived from the original on 2011-10-06. Retrieved 2011-06-25.

sffworld.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

"Interview with Mark Tiedemann". Science Fiction and Fantasy World. 16 August 2002. Retrieved 2006-06-12.

sfwriter.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Sawyer, Robert J. (16 November 2007). "Guest Editorial: Robot Ethics". Science. 318 (5853): 1037. doi:10.1126/science.1151606. PMID 18006710. Archived from the original on 2024-09-25. Retrieved 2010-10-10.
Sawyer, Robert J. (1991). "On Asimov's Three Laws of Robotics". Archived from the original on 2006-06-23. Retrieved 2006-06-12.

steynonline.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

McGinnis, Rick (2022-07-16). "The More You Drive: Repo Man and Punk Cinema". SteynOnline. Archived from the original on 2024-09-25. Retrieved 2024-02-05.

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preem.tejat.net

Jenkins, John H. (2002). "Review of "Cal"". Jenkins' Spoiler-Laden Guide to Isaac Asimov. Archived from the original on 2009-09-11. Retrieved 2009-06-26.

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"Sci-fi writer Isaac Asimov". Campus Star. The Daily Star. 29 July 2007. Archived from the original on 8 November 2016. Retrieved 7 August 2016. Only highly advanced robots (such as Daneel and Giskard) could comprehend this law.

ufrgs.br (Global: 4,419^th place; English: 9,808^th place)

inf.ufrgs.br

Murphy, Robin; Woods, David D. (July 2009). "Beyond Asimov: The Three Laws of Responsible Robotics" (PDF). IEEE Intelligent Systems. 24 (4): 14–20. Bibcode:2009IISys..24d..14H. doi:10.1109/mis.2009.69. S2CID 3165389. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-04-09. Retrieved 2014-07-30.

umich.edu (Global: 429^th place; English: 307^th place)

"The Humanoids". Umich.edu. Retrieved 2015-03-28.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

"Isaac Asimov (1920- 1992 R.I.P.) April, 1986 Original air date You Tube Compression". YouTube. 24 March 2009. Archived from the original on 25 September 2024. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
"Conversation with Harold Channer - Episode 4628". 9 April 2020. Archived from the original on 25 September 2024. Retrieved 29 May 2023.
"Conversation with Isaac Asimov". 1 March 1987. Archived from the original on 3 August 2025.
"Isaac Asimov". BBC. 23 October 2008. Archived from the original on 10 January 2010. Retrieved 11 November 2010.
"Sci-fi writer Isaac Asimov". Campus Star. The Daily Star. 29 July 2007. Archived from the original on 8 November 2016. Retrieved 7 August 2016. Only highly advanced robots (such as Daneel and Giskard) could comprehend this law.
Jenkins, John H. (2002). "Review of "Cal"". Jenkins' Spoiler-Laden Guide to Isaac Asimov. Archived from the original on 2009-09-11. Retrieved 2009-06-26.
Asimov, Isaac (1986). Robot Dreams (PDF). Archived from the original on 16 March 2012. Retrieved 11 November 2010. "But you quote it in incomplete fashion. The Third Law is 'A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.' " "Yes, Dr. Calvin. That is the Third Law in reality, but in my dream, the Law ended with the word 'existence'. There was no mention of the First or Second Law."{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
Don D'Ammassa (2005). "Allen, Roger MacBride". Encyclopedia of science fiction. Infobase Publishing. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-8160-5924-9. Archived from the original on 2024-09-25. Retrieved 2016-05-18.
Heward Wilkinson (2009). The Muse as Therapist: A New Poetic Paradigm for Psychotherapy. Karnac Books. pp. 22–23. ISBN 978-1-85575-595-6. Archived from the original on 2024-09-25. Retrieved 2016-05-18.
"Lawful Little Country: The Bulgarian Laws of Robotics | The Portal". Archived from the original on 2011-10-06. Retrieved 2011-06-25.
Branislav L. Slantchev. "Foundation and Earth (1986)". gotterdammerung.org. Archived from the original on 25 September 2024. Retrieved 11 November 2010.
Murphy, Robin; Woods, David D. (July 2009). "Beyond Asimov: The Three Laws of Responsible Robotics" (PDF). IEEE Intelligent Systems. 24 (4): 14–20. Bibcode:2009IISys..24d..14H. doi:10.1109/mis.2009.69. S2CID 3165389. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-04-09. Retrieved 2014-07-30.
Sawyer, Robert J. (16 November 2007). "Guest Editorial: Robot Ethics". Science. 318 (5853): 1037. doi:10.1126/science.1151606. PMID 18006710. Archived from the original on 2024-09-25. Retrieved 2010-10-10.
Sawyer, Robert J. (1991). "On Asimov's Three Laws of Robotics". Archived from the original on 2006-06-23. Retrieved 2006-06-12.
Originally in a speech entitled "A Load of Crystal Balls Archived 2024-09-25 at the Wayback Machine" at the Novacon SF convention in 1985; published 1986 in the fanzine Prevert #15; collected in Platen Stories (1987) and the 2015 ebook version of The Silence of the Langford
Clarke, Roger. Asimov's laws of robotics: Implications for information technology. Part 1: IEEE Computer, December 1993, p53–61. Archived 2005-04-10 at the Wayback Machine Part 2: IEEE Computer, Jan 1994, p57–66. Archived 2017-03-11 at the Wayback Machine Both parts are available without fee at Archived 2011-10-07 at the Wayback Machine. Under "Enhancements to codes of ethics".
"Robotic age poses ethical dilemma". BBC News. 2007-03-07. Archived from the original on 2024-09-25. Retrieved 2007-03-07.
Moravec, Hans. "The Age of Robots", Extro 1, Proceedings of the First Extropy Institute Conference on TransHumanist Thought (1994) pp. 84–100. June 1993 version Archived 2006-06-15 at the Wayback Machine available online.
"Want Responsible Robotics? Start With Responsible Humans". Researchnews.osu.edu. Archived from the original on 2016-02-15. Retrieved 2015-03-28.
"Principles of robotics – EPSRC website". Epsrc.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 2024-09-25. Retrieved 2022-11-17.
Alan Winfield (2013-10-30). "Alan Winfield's Web Log: Ethical Robots: some technical and ethical challenges". Alanwinfield.blogspot.co.uk. Archived from the original on 2015-04-02. Retrieved 2015-03-28.
McGinnis, Rick (2022-07-16). "The More You Drive: Repo Man and Punk Cinema". SteynOnline. Archived from the original on 2024-09-25. Retrieved 2024-02-05.
"Aliens (1986) – Memorable quotes". IMDb.com. Archived from the original on 2024-09-25. Retrieved 2015-03-28.
"Suggested by" Isaac Asimov's robot stories—two stops removed from "based on" and "inspired by", the credit implies something scribbled on a bar napkin—Alex Proyas' science-fiction thriller I, Robot sprinkles Asimov's ideas like seasoning on a giant bucket of popcorn. [...] Asimov's simple and seemingly foolproof Laws of Robotics, designed to protect human beings and robots alike from harm, are subject to loopholes that the author loved to exploit. After all, much of humanity agrees in principle to abide by the Ten Commandments, but free will, circumstance, and contradictory impulses can find wiggle room in even the most unambiguous decree. Whenever I, Robot pauses between action beats, Proyas captures some of the excitement of movies like The Matrix, Minority Report, and A.I., all of which proved that philosophy and social commentary could be smuggled into spectacle. Had the film been based on Asimov's stories, rather than merely "suggested by" them, Proyas might have achieved the intellectual heft missing from his stylish 1998 cult favorite Dark City. Tobias, Scott (20 July 2004). "review of I, Robot". The Onion A.V. Club. Archived from the original on 9 November 2005. Retrieved 2006-06-12.
Dowling, Stephen (4 August 2004). "A fresh prince in a robot's world". BBC News. Archived from the original on 25 September 2024. Retrieved 11 November 2010.
"Four Kinds of Ethical Robots". Archived from the original on 2023-06-04. Retrieved 2016-12-05.

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"The Three Laws of Robotics". xkcd. Retrieved 2019-08-04.

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"Isaac Asimov (1920- 1992 R.I.P.) April, 1986 Original air date You Tube Compression". YouTube. 24 March 2009. Archived from the original on 25 September 2024. Retrieved 29 May 2023.

Three Laws of Robotics (English Wikipedia)

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