Timeline of race relations and policing in Minneapolis–Saint Paul (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Timeline of race relations and policing in Minneapolis–Saint Paul" in English language version.

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amazon.com

Fossum, Michael (1996). History of the Minneapolis Police Department. s.n. p. 40. ASIN B0006QKZPS. Cited by MPD 150 2017

apnews.com

Karnowski, Steve; Goldberg, Michael (September 7, 2024). "Sharp divisions persist over Walz's response to the riots that followed the murder of George Floyd". AP News. Retrieved September 8, 2024.
"Former Minneapolis police officer sentenced to nine months after fatally crashing into a man". Associated Press. July 12, 2023. Retrieved July 13, 2023.
Karnowski, Steve; Ibrahim, Mohamed (April 27, 2022). "Post-Floyd probe finds discrimination by Minneapolis police". Associated Press. Retrieved April 27, 2022.

archive.org

Isaac Atwater (1893). History of the City of Minneapolis, Minnesota. Munsell.

bbc.com

Cheung, Helier (June 8, 2020). "George Floyd death: Why US protests are so powerful this time". Retrieved September 8, 2024.

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books.google.com

Costello, Augustine E. (1890). History of the Fire and Police Departments of Minneapolis: Their Origin, Progress, and Development. p. 324. ISBN 9780341811886. Retrieved June 4, 2020.
Nathanson, Iric (November 20, 2010). Minneapolis in the Twentieth Century: The Growth of an American City. Minnesota Historical Society. ISBN 9780873517256 – via Google Books.
McLaughlin, Malcolm (2014). The Long, Hot Summer of 1967: Urban Rebellion in America. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 1. ISBN 9781137269638.
Danver, Steven L., ed. (2011). "Los Angeles Uprising (1992)". Revolts, Protests, Demonstrations, and Rebellions in American History: An Encyclopedia, Volume 3. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO. pp. 1095–1100. ISBN 978-1-59884-222-7.

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BringMeTheNews (July 24, 2019). "Minneapolis police release files on alleged rape by tech billionaire". Bring Me The News. Retrieved March 17, 2021.

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"Minneapolis Police Group Endorses Gov. Dayton". October 12, 2014. Retrieved June 4, 2020.
Moini, Nina (July 26, 2017). "'Body-Worn Cameras Must Be On': Mpls. Officials Announce MPD Policy Changes: Officers Must Turn On Camera For Every Call They Respond To". Retrieved July 27, 2017 – via WCCO-TV.
"Unrest Grows In Downtown Minneapolis After Police Say Murder Suspect Killed Himself On Nicollet Mall". WCCO. August 26, 2020.
"No Charges Filed Against MPD Officer Who Shot, Killed Amir Locke". WCCO-TV. April 6, 2022. Retrieved April 6, 2022.

cbsnews.com

Silverstein, Jason (June 4, 2021). "The global impact of George Floyd: How Black Lives Matter protests shaped movements around the world". CBS News. Retrieved September 8, 2024.

chicagotribune.com

"Officer charged with murder in shooting death of unarmed woman in Minneapolis alley". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved August 11, 2018.
Metz, Nina (June 3, 2020). "Commentary: Instead of more cop shows, what if networks greenlit shows that tried to explore police abolition?". chicagotribune.com. Retrieved June 4, 2020.

citypages.com

Mullen, Mike (July 12, 2016). "Mayor Betsy Hodges calls out Bob Kroll for 'jackass remarks' on Minnesota Lynx". City Pages. Retrieved June 1, 2020.

cnn.com

Alonso, Melissa, "Minneapolis' top cop sued the department in 2007. Here's why it matters today", CNN, June 1, 2020.

crowrivermedia.com

Johnson, Kay (October 24, 2013). "When the Klan came to Minnesota". Hutchison Leader. Hutchinson, Minnesota. Retrieved June 6, 2020.

cuapb.org

"Communities United Against Police Brutality". Newsletter. December 14, 2003. Retrieved June 9, 2020.

facebook.com

"Minneapolis Police Murder Jamar Clark". NAACP. November 15, 2015.

fox9.com

"No charges against 2 St. Paul police officers in Marcus Golden shooting". FOX 9 Minneapolis-St. Paul. Minneapolis-St. Paul. May 21, 2015. Retrieved June 3, 2020.
Chazin, Rachel (November 19, 2015). "Police union: Jamar Clark went for cop's gun, wasn't cuffed". KSMP. Archived from the original on November 20, 2015.
"Minneapolis Police: 2 officers injured during Wednesday night unrest, 1 incident caught on video". FOX9. August 27, 2020.

hennepinsheriff.org

"What We Do". Hennepin County Sheriff's Office. Archived from the original on September 29, 2007. Retrieved September 4, 2007.

historyapolis.com

"A demand for justice and law enforcement: a history of police and the near North Side". historyapolis.com. November 20, 2015. Retrieved June 6, 2020.

kare11.com

Nelson, Julie; Jacobsen, Jeremiah (October 31, 2019). "Haaf family fights to keep Minneapolis officer's killers behind bars". kare11.com. Retrieved June 4, 2020.
Williams, Brandt (January 15, 2019). "Minneapolis man convicted of killing Tyrone Williams". KARE 11. Minneapolis. Retrieved June 3, 2020.
"Gunman who murdered Mpls. activist gets 20 years". AP via KARE 11. February 13, 2019. Retrieved June 3, 2020.

loc.gov

chroniclingamerica.loc.gov

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minneapolis.mn.us

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"Inside the Minneapolis Police Department". City of Minneapolis. Retrieved December 25, 2007.

minneapolismn.gov

[1]^{[dead link‍]}Archived 11 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine

minnpost.com

"Remembering the truckers strike of 1934". MinnPost. July 22, 2008.
Sanna, James (July 15, 2008). "Minnesota Spokesman-Recorder turns 75". Twin Cities Daily Planet.
Lee, Jessica (January 9, 2019). "No, really, there's a new sheriff in town. This is what he did on his first day". MinnPost. Archived from the original on April 27, 2019. Retrieved May 6, 2019.

mn.gov

dps.mn.gov

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"Officers Identified in Minneapolis Officer Involved Shooting". News Releases. Retrieved June 6, 2020.
"BCA Investigating Minneapolis In-Custody Death". Office of Publications, Minnesota Department of Public Safety (Press release). News Releases. Saint Paul. May 26, 2020. Retrieved June 6, 2020.

mn.gov

Minnesota Department of Human Rights (April 27, 2022). Investigation into the City of Minneapolis and the Minneapolis Police Department (PDF) (Report). p. 72. Retrieved April 27, 2022.

mnhs.org

collections.mnhs.org

Millikan, William (1989). "Maintaining "law and order" : the Minneapolis Citizen's Alliance in the 1920s" (PDF). Minnesota History: 16. Retrieved June 6, 2020.

mnopedia.org

Oatis, Ianna; Boney-Jett, Renee; Gaither, Acoma. "Race and Policing in the Twin Cities". The Minnesota Historical Society (MNHS) MNopedia. Retrieved June 6, 2020.
Oatis, Ianna; Boney-Jett, Renee; Gaither, Acoma (August 17, 2021) [18 December 2019]. "Race and Policing in the Twin Cities". MNopedia. Retrieved April 27, 2022.

mpd150.com

Enough is Enough: 100 Years of Minneapolis Police (PDF). MPD150 (Report). Minneapolis. 2017. p. 36. Retrieved June 3, 2020.

mpdfederation.com

"History of the Police Officers Federation of Minneapolis". Police Officers Federation of Minneapolis. nd.

mprnews.org

Williams, Brandt; Martin, Meg (December 4, 2015). "Jamar Clark shooting, protests continue strained history between community, police". MPR News. Retrieved June 5, 2020.
Benson, Lorna (August 11, 2006). "Harry Davis — a life of accomplishment". MPR News. Retrieved June 9, 2020. Our house was observed by uniformed police officers 24 hours a day, our phones were tapped by the FBI because of phone calls, our mail was gone through because of hate mail. My wife endured calls that threatened her life and my life and our children's life, just because I wanted to be mayor.
Kerr, Euan (June 3, 2019). "Fraser remembered as 'quiet giant' of Minnesota politics". Minnesota Public Radio News.
Williams, Brandt, "Minneapolis cops file discrimination lawsuit", Minnesota Public Radio News, December 7, 2007.
Williams, Brandt (February 13, 2013). "Mpls cop who once sued department now heads Internal Affairs Unit". Minnesota Public Radio News.
Nelson, Tim (August 5, 2009). "Behind the scenes with the gang strike force". MPR News. St. Paul, Minneapolis. Retrieved June 7, 2020.
Nelson, Tim (December 4, 2015). "Conflicting accounts: What happened the night Jamar Clark was shot?". MPR News. Retrieved January 22, 2016.
Moini, Nina (November 30, 2018). "Mpls. mayor vows to fire cop for racist 4th Precinct decorations". MPR News. St. Paul, Minnesota. Retrieved June 3, 2020.
Collins, Jon (December 1, 2018). "Mpls. council moves to shift $1.1 million from police department". MPR News. Minneapolis. Retrieved June 3, 2020.
Feshir, Riham (August 28, 2020). "When a graphic video can quell unrest but still do harm". MPR News.

nbcnews.com

"Minneapolis taps first Black police chief in wake of Damond shooting". NBC News. Minneapolis. AP. August 21, 2017. Retrieved June 1, 2020.
Siemaszko, Corky (May 29, 2020). "George Floyd death tests Minneapolis police chief". NBC News. Retrieved May 30, 2020.

ncjrs.gov

Kerner (1968). The National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders Report (PDF). National Institute of Justice (Report). Washington, DC: United States Department of Justice. p. 440. Retrieved June 9, 2020.

newsweek.com

Crowley, James (May 30, 2020). "Minneapolis mayor denies claim that he allowed unrest to overrun neighborhood, defends police chief". Newsweek. Retrieved May 30, 2020.

npr.org

"Minneapolis Police Were Sued A Decade Ago In Similar Restraint Case". NPR. May 29, 2020. Retrieved June 7, 2020.

nydailynews.com

"Minneapolis ends pot stings criticized as targeting blacks". NY Daily News. AP. Archived from the original on August 11, 2018. Retrieved May 31, 2020.

nytimes.com

"Bradshaw Mintener, 86; Helped Eisenhower in Presidential Race". The New York Times. Obituary. January 1, 1989. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 6, 2020.
Bernstein, Richard (February 29, 1988). "20 Years After the Kerner Report: Three Societies, All Separate". The New York Times. Retrieved June 9, 2020.
Mydans, Seth (October 22, 1992). "Failures of City Blamed for Riot In Los Angeles". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 23, 2018. Retrieved November 23, 2018.
Stockman, Farah; Eligon, John (June 5, 2020). "Cities Ask if It's Time to Defund Police and 'Reimagine' Public Safety". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 5, 2020.
Londoño, Ernesto; Thrush, Glenn; Smith, Mitch; Simmons, Dan (June 16, 2023). "Minneapolis Police Used Illegal, Abusive Practices for Years, Justice Dept. Finds". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 17, 2023.
Dewan, Shaila (June 17, 2023). "Consent Decrees Force Changes to Policing. But Do Reforms Last?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 17, 2023.

nyx.net

Tony L. Hill, "Minneapolis Mayoral Superlatives,", accessed June 5, 2019

philly.com

Rosenberg, Amy S. (January 31, 2018). "Super Bowl security to outlaw Philadelphia-style tailgating in Minneapolis". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Minneapolis. Retrieved August 11, 2018.

publicradio.org

minnesota.publicradio.org

Departing Minneapolis Police Chief Robert Olson. Mid-Morning. Minnesota Public Radio. January 13, 2004.
Brandt Williams (March 16, 2006). "McManus leaves as Minneapolis police chief". Minnesota Public Radio.
Brandt Williams (January 9, 2007). "Homicide problem awaits Minneapolis' new police chief". Minnesota Public Radio.
"2008 Annual Report" (PDF), Metro Gang Strike Force Advisory Board, February 2009, retrieved June 7, 2020

news.minnesota.publicradio.org

Hughes, Art (September 9, 2002). ""Officer Down:" Remembering Jerry Haaf". Minnesota Public Radio.
Art Hughes (December 4, 2003). "Minneapolis police, community reach accord on reducing tension". Minnesota Public Radio.

restorativejustice.org

Walker, Samuel; Archbold, Carol; Herbst, Leigh (2002). Mediating Citizen Complaints Against Police Officers: A Guide For Police and Community Leaders (PDF). Government Printing Office and the Department of Criminal Justice University of Nebraska (Report). Web Version. Washington, DC. p. 111. Retrieved June 4, 2020.

securitymagazine.com

"Brian O'Hara named Chief of Minneapolis Police Department". Security Magazine. Retrieved February 26, 2023.

southwestjournal.com

Bruch, Michelle (December 29, 2015). "A look inside the Office of Police Conduct Review". Southwest Journal. Retrieved April 28, 2022.

spokesman-recorder.com

Thomas, Pauline (December 11, 2003). "Mediation 'Agreement' has serious shortcomings". Minnesota Spokesman-Recorder.

startribune.com

Sawyer, Liz (November 4, 2022). "City Council unanimously confirms Brian O'Hara as next Minneapolis police chief". Minnesota Star Tribune. Retrieved September 8, 2024.
Furst, Randy (March 20, 2013). "Tony Bouza: A former police chief who testifies against police". Star Tribune. Retrieved June 9, 2020.
Tevlin, Jon (August 13, 2013). "Harteau's not the first chief to deal with misconduct". Star Tribune. Retrieved June 6, 2020.
Jany, Libor (October 13, 2017). "Rejected pick to lead Minneapolis police Fourth Precinct sues Mayor Hodges for defamation". Star Tribune. Retrieved June 3, 2020.
Van Berkel, Jessie; Navratil, Liz (June 3, 2020). "Minnesota Human Rights Department launches probe into Minneapolis police". Star Tribune. Retrieved June 5, 2020.
Jany, Libor (December 11, 2015). "Controversy follows Minneapolis police union president". Star Tribune. Retrieved June 3, 2020.
Furst, Randy (June 1, 2013). "Minneapolis pays $3 million in police misconduct case". Star Tribune. Retrieved June 7, 2020.
Roper, Eric (November 14, 2014). "Hodges: Pointergate has shined light on police misconduct problems". Star Tribune. Retrieved June 3, 2020.
Norfleet, Nicole (April 30, 2015). "Minneapolis police union elects new president". Star Tribune. Retrieved June 3, 2020.
Jany, Libor (December 11, 2015). "Controversy follows Minneapolis police union president". Star Tribune. Retrieved June 3, 2020.
Walsh, Paul; Jany, Libor (November 15, 2015). "Anger builds after police shoot assault suspect in Minneapolis". Star Tribune. Retrieved November 20, 2015.
Walsh, Paul (January 16, 2019). "Jury convicts man of killing Minneapolis activist Tyrone Williams". Star Tribune. Retrieved June 3, 2020.
Jany, Libor; Mannix, Andy (June 7, 2020). "Minneapolis' Third Precinct served as 'playground' for renegade cops". Star Tribune. Retrieved June 7, 2020.
Chanen, David (January 11, 2019). "Defeated Hennepin County Sheriff Rich Stanek hints at possible run at his old job". Star Tribune. Archived from the original on February 3, 2019. Retrieved May 6, 2019.
Belz, Adam (April 4, 2018). "Judge dismisses officer's defamation lawsuit against Hodges". Star Tribune. Retrieved June 3, 2020.
Bjorhus, Jennifer; Navratil, Liz (August 4, 2020). "Mayor Frey: Gov. Walz hesitated to deploy National Guard during Minneapolis riots". Retrieved September 8, 2024.
Hyatt, Kim (July 12, 2023). "Ex-Minneapolis police officer sentenced to workhouse for high-speed chase that caused fatal crash". Star Tribune. Retrieved July 13, 2023.
Hyatt, Kim; Miller, Maya (July 7, 2021). "Mourners block streets where Minneapolis police car crashed into car during pursuit, killing innocent driver". Star Tribune. Retrieved July 8, 2021.

m.startribune.com

"The Latest: Mayor nominates Arradondo as Minneapolis chief". Star Tribune. Associated Press. July 21, 2017.

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Boggs, Justin (May 31, 2020). "Minneapolis police chief on George Floyd's death: Not intervening to me you're complicit". The Denver Channel.

theguardian.com

Levin, Sam (June 6, 2020). "What does 'defund the police' mean? The rallying cry sweeping the US – explained". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved June 7, 2020.

thehill.com

Conley, Lisa (June 5, 2020). "NRCC turns up heat on vulnerable Democrats over Omar's call to abolish police". The Hill. Retrieved June 7, 2020.

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"Hennepin County Attorney Mike Freeman to enter alcohol treatment". Twin Cities. May 17, 2019. Retrieved June 3, 2020.

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Ellison, Jeremiah (June 4, 2020). "We are going to dismantle the Minneapolis Police Department. And when we're done, we're not simply gonna glue it back together. We are going to dramatically rethink how we approach public safety and emergency response. It's really past due". Twitter. Retrieved June 7, 2020.

uc.edu

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usnews.com

Patterson, Jennifer Jeanne (June 4, 2020). "George Floyd's Death Exposes the 'Minnesota Paradox'". U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved June 9, 2020.
"The Latest: Mayor Nominates Arradondo as Minneapolis Chief". US News. Retrieved August 11, 2018.

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Freedman, Samuel G. (May 30, 2020). "The problem with the Minneapolis police has decades-deep roots". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 3, 2020.
Cannon, Lou; Lee, Gary (May 2, 1992). "Much Of Blame Is Laid On Chief Gates". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 22, 2018.
Shammas, Brittany; Bella, Timothy; Mettler, Katie; Bennett, Dalton (May 26, 2020). "George Floyd death: Four Minneapolis officers fired after video". Washington Post. Retrieved May 26, 2020.
"Citing racial disparities, Minneapolis police will stop low-level marijuana stings". Washington Post. Retrieved August 11, 2018.
Elfrink, Tim; Bella, Timothy; Bailey, Holly; Bellware, Kim; Knowles, Hannah; Goyette, Jared. "Protests, fires rage through the night in Minneapolis". The Washington Post. Retrieved June 7, 2020.
Bump, Philip (April 20, 2021). "How the first statement from Minneapolis police made George Floyd's murder seem like George Floyd's fault". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 2, 2021.
Berman, Mark (April 27, 2022). "Report: Minneapolis police engaged in 'discriminatory, race-based policing'". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved April 28, 2022.

web.archive.org

Kunnen-Jones, Marianne (August 21, 2002). "Anniversary Volume Gives New Voice To Pioneer Accounts of Sioux Uprising". University of Cincinnati. Archived from the original on June 19, 2008. Retrieved June 6, 2007.
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[1]^{[dead link‍]}Archived 11 January 2012 at the Wayback Machine
"Minneapolis ends pot stings criticized as targeting blacks". NY Daily News. AP. Archived from the original on August 11, 2018. Retrieved May 31, 2020.
Chanen, David (January 11, 2019). "Defeated Hennepin County Sheriff Rich Stanek hints at possible run at his old job". Star Tribune. Archived from the original on February 3, 2019. Retrieved May 6, 2019.
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Williams, Kristian (2004). Our enemies in blue: police and power in America. Brooklyn, NY and Berkeley, California: Soft Skull Press. p. 385. ISBN 978-1-887128-85-8. OCLC 645845774. online version
Williams, Kristian (2015). Our enemies in blue: police and power in America. Baltimore: AK Press. ISBN 9781849352161. OCLC 919075159.
"Bradshaw Mintener, 86; Helped Eisenhower in Presidential Race". The New York Times. Obituary. January 1, 1989. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 6, 2020.
Stockman, Farah; Eligon, John (June 5, 2020). "Cities Ask if It's Time to Defund Police and 'Reimagine' Public Safety". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 5, 2020.
Levin, Sam (June 6, 2020). "What does 'defund the police' mean? The rallying cry sweeping the US – explained". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved June 7, 2020.
Berman, Mark (April 27, 2022). "Report: Minneapolis police engaged in 'discriminatory, race-based policing'". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved April 28, 2022.
Londoño, Ernesto; Thrush, Glenn; Smith, Mitch; Simmons, Dan (June 16, 2023). "Minneapolis Police Used Illegal, Abusive Practices for Years, Justice Dept. Finds". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 17, 2023.
Dewan, Shaila (June 17, 2023). "Consent Decrees Force Changes to Policing. But Do Reforms Last?". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved June 17, 2023.

youtube.com

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