Toxin (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Toxin" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

30nih.gov

4^th place

21doi.org

2^nd place

6semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

5web.archive.org

1^st place

3worldcat.org

5^th place

3harvard.edu

18^th place

17^th place

2merriam-webster.com

209^th place

191^st place

2cdc.gov

218^th place

212^th place

1etymonline.com

287^th place

321^st place

1books.google.com

3^rd place

1sciencedirect.com

149^th place

178^th place

1webmd.com

1,169^th place

1,075^th place

1consumerreports.org

4,720^th place

2,843^rd place

1cornell.edu

332^nd place

246^th place

1icrc.org

2,421^st place

2,218^th place

1askanydifference.com

low place

1europepmc.org

8,929^th place

8,063^rd place

1unrevealedfiles.com

low place

1bham.ac.uk

6,934^th place

4,192^nd place

1zenodo.org

621^st place

380^th place

1europa.eu

68^th place

117^th place

askanydifference.com

"Difference Between Toxin and Toxicant (With Table)". 31 October 2021.

bham.ac.uk

biosciences-labs.bham.ac.uk

"Biotoxins: What are Biotoxins?". www.biosciences-labs.bham.ac.uk. Retrieved 6 July 2023.

books.google.com

Brade, Helmut (1999). Endotoxin in Health and Disease. CRC Press. ISBN 9780824719449. OCLC 41299257.

cdc.gov

"Diagnosis and Treatment | Botulism". CDC. 1 June 2021. Archived from the original on 12 April 2022. Retrieved 12 April 2022.

atsdr.cdc.gov

"Module 1: Introduction to Toxicology" (PDF). Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Retrieved 20 May 2022. arsenic, a toxic metal, may occur as a natural contaminant ... or ... as a by-product of industrial activities. If the second case is true, such toxic substances are referred to as toxicants, rather than toxins.

consumerreports.org

"Arsenic in your food - Our findings show a real need for federal standards for this toxin". Consumer Reports. 2012.

cornell.edu

law.cornell.edu

"U.S. Code". Retrieved 20 May 2022. the term "toxin" means the toxic material or product of plants, animals, microorganisms ...or a recombinant or synthesized molecule...

doi.org

Bennett, Joan W; Inamdar, Arati A (2015). "Are Some Fungal Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Mycotoxins?". Toxins. 7 (9). Basel: 3785–3804. doi:10.3390/toxins7093785. PMC 4591661. PMID 26402705.
Beans, Carolyn (2021). "Keeping arsenic out of rice". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 118 (33). Bibcode:2021PNAS..11813071B. doi:10.1073/pnas.2113071118. PMC 8379988. PMID 34380741. S2CID 236989837.
Nelsen, David R.; Nisani, Zia; Cooper, Allen M.; Fox, Gerad A.; Gren, Eric C. K.; Corbit, Aaron G.; Hayes, William K. (2014). "Poisons, toxungens, and venoms: Redefining and classifying toxic biological secretions and the organisms that employ them". Biological Reviews. 89 (2): 450–465. doi:10.1111/brv.12062. PMID 24102715. S2CID 207101679.
Robinson, Samuel D; Norton, Raymond S (17 December 2014). "Conotoxin Gene Superfamilies". Marine Drugs. 12 (12): 6058–6101. doi:10.3390/md12126058. PMC 4278219. PMID 25522317.
Janik, Edyta; Ceremuga, Michal; Saluk-Bijak, Joanna; Bijak, Michal (8 March 2019). "Biological Toxins as the Potential Tools for Bioterrorism". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 20 (5): 1181. doi:10.3390/ijms20051181. ISSN 1422-0067. PMC 6429496. PMID 30857127.
Grigg J (March 2004). "Environmental toxins; their impact on children's health". Archives of Disease in Childhood. 89 (3): 244–50. doi:10.1136/adc.2002.022202. PMC 1719840. PMID 14977703.
Vale C, Alfonso A, Vieytes MR, Romarís XM, Arévalo F, Botana AM, Botana LM (March 2008). "In vitro and in vivo evaluation of paralytic shellfish poisoning toxin potency and the influence of the pH of extraction". Analytical Chemistry. 80 (5): 1770–6. doi:10.1021/ac7022266. PMID 18232710.
Oikawa H, Fujita T, Saito K, Satomi M, Yano Y (2008). "Difference in the level of paralytic shellfish poisoning toxin accumulation between the crabs Telmessus acutidens and Charybdis japonica collected in Onahama, Fukushima Prefecture". Fisheries Science. 73 (2): 395–403. doi:10.1111/j.1444-2906.2007.01347.x. S2CID 22926782.
Abouabdellah R, Taleb H, Bennouna A, Erler K, Chafik A, Moukrim A (April 2008). "Paralytic shellfish poisoning toxin profile of mussels Perna perna from southern Atlantic coasts of Morocco". Toxicon. 51 (5): 780–6. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.12.004. PMID 18237757.
Wang L, Liang XF, Zhang WB, Mai KS, Huang Y, Shen D (November 2009). "Amnesic shellfish poisoning toxin stimulates the transcription of CYP1A possibly through AHR and ARNT in the liver of red sea bream Pagrus major". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 58 (11): 1643–8. Bibcode:2009MarPB..58.1643W. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.07.004. PMID 19665739.
Wang L, Vaquero E, Leão JM, Gogo-Martínez A, Rodríguez Vázquez JA (2001). "Optimization of conditions for the liquid chromatographic-electrospray lonization-mass spectrometric analysis of amnesic shellfish poisoning toxins". Chromatographia. 53 (1): S231–35. doi:10.1007/BF02490333. S2CID 97937094.
Mouratidou T, Kaniou-Grigoriadou I, Samara C, Kouimtzis T (August 2006). "Detection of the marine toxin okadaic acid in mussels during a diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) episode in Thermaikos Gulf, Greece, using biological, chemical and immunological methods". The Science of the Total Environment. 366 (2–3): 894–904. Bibcode:2006ScTEn.366..894M. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.03.002. PMID 16815531.
Doucet E, Ross NN, Quilliam MA (September 2007). "Enzymatic hydrolysis of esterified diarrhetic shellfish poisoning toxins and pectenotoxins". Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. 389 (1): 335–42. doi:10.1007/s00216-007-1489-3. PMID 17661021. S2CID 21971745.
Poli MA, Musser SM, Dickey RW, Eilers PP, Hall S (July 2000). "Neurotoxic shellfish poisoning and brevetoxin metabolites: a case study from Florida". Toxicon. 38 (7): 981–93. doi:10.1016/S0041-0101(99)00191-9. PMID 10728835.
Morohashi A, Satake M, Murata K, Naoki H, Kaspar HF, Yasumoto T (1995). "Brevetoxin B3, a new brevetoxin nalog isolated from the greenshell mussel perna canaliculus involved in neurotoxic shellfish poisoning in new zealand". Tetrahedron Letters. 36 (49): 8995–98. doi:10.1016/0040-4039(95)01969-O.
Morohashi A, Satake M, Naoki H, Kaspar HF, Oshima Y, Yasumoto T (1999). "Brevetoxin B4 isolated from greenshell mussels Perna canaliculus, the major toxin involved in neurotoxic shellfish poisoning in New Zealand". Natural Toxins. 7 (2): 45–8. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1522-7189(199903/04)7:2<45::AID-NT34>3.0.CO;2-H. PMID 10495465.
Dorne JL, Richardson J, Kass G, Georgiadis N, Monguidi M, Pasinato L, Cappe S, Verhagen H, Robinson T (January 2017). "OpenFoodTox: EFSA's open source toxicological database on chemical hazards in food and feed". EFSA Journal. 15 (1): e15011. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2017.e15011. PMC 7009813. PMID 32625280.
Reilly L, Serafimova R, Partosch F, Gundert-Remy U, Cortiñas Abrahantes J, Dorne JM, Kass GE (October 2019). "Testing the thresholds of toxicological concern values using a new database for food-related substances". Toxicology Letters. 314: 117–123. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.07.019. PMID 31325634.
Pearce JM, Khaksari M, Denkenberger D (April 2019). "Preliminary Automated Determination of Edibility of Alternative Foods: Non-Targeted Screening for Toxins in Red Maple Leaf Concentrate". Plants. 8 (5): 110. doi:10.3390/plants8050110. PMC 6571818. PMID 31027336.
Fonger GC, Stroup D, Thomas PL, Wexler P (January 2000). "TOXNET: A computerized collection of toxicological and environmental health information". Toxicology and Industrial Health. 16 (1): 4–6. doi:10.1177/074823370001600101. PMID 10798381. S2CID 34029729.
Hochstein C, Szczur M (24 July 2006). "TOXMAP: a GIS-based gateway to environmental health resources". Medical Reference Services Quarterly. 25 (3): 13–31. doi:10.1300/J115v25n03_02. PMC 2703818. PMID 16893844.

etymonline.com

Harper, Douglas. "toxin". Online Etymology Dictionary.

europa.eu

efsa.europa.eu

"Chemical hazards data - OpenFoodTox". European Food Safety Authority. Retrieved 27 October 2019.

europepmc.org

Murphy, J. R.; Bishai, W.; Williams, D.; Bacha, P.; Borowski, M.; Parker, K.; Boyd, J.; Waters, C.; Strom, T. B. (1987). "Genetic assembly and selective toxicity of diphtheria-toxin-related polypeptide hormone fusion proteins". Biochemical Society Symposium. 53: 9–23. PMID 2847744.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Beans, Carolyn (2021). "Keeping arsenic out of rice". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 118 (33). Bibcode:2021PNAS..11813071B. doi:10.1073/pnas.2113071118. PMC 8379988. PMID 34380741. S2CID 236989837.
Wang L, Liang XF, Zhang WB, Mai KS, Huang Y, Shen D (November 2009). "Amnesic shellfish poisoning toxin stimulates the transcription of CYP1A possibly through AHR and ARNT in the liver of red sea bream Pagrus major". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 58 (11): 1643–8. Bibcode:2009MarPB..58.1643W. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.07.004. PMID 19665739.
Mouratidou T, Kaniou-Grigoriadou I, Samara C, Kouimtzis T (August 2006). "Detection of the marine toxin okadaic acid in mussels during a diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) episode in Thermaikos Gulf, Greece, using biological, chemical and immunological methods". The Science of the Total Environment. 366 (2–3): 894–904. Bibcode:2006ScTEn.366..894M. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.03.002. PMID 16815531.

icrc.org

Goldblat, Jozef (30 June 1997). "The Biological Weapons Convention – An overview". Retrieved 20 May 2022. The Convention applies to all natural or artificially created toxins, "whatever their origin or method of production" (Article I). It thus covers toxins produced biologically, as well as those produced by chemical synthesis

merriam-webster.com

"toxin – Definition from the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary". Retrieved 13 December 2008.
"biotoxin – Definition from the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary". Retrieved 13 December 2008.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Bennett, Joan W; Inamdar, Arati A (2015). "Are Some Fungal Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Mycotoxins?". Toxins. 7 (9). Basel: 3785–3804. doi:10.3390/toxins7093785. PMC 4591661. PMID 26402705.
Beans, Carolyn (2021). "Keeping arsenic out of rice". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 118 (33). Bibcode:2021PNAS..11813071B. doi:10.1073/pnas.2113071118. PMC 8379988. PMID 34380741. S2CID 236989837.
Murphy, J. R.; Bishai, W.; Williams, D.; Bacha, P.; Borowski, M.; Parker, K.; Boyd, J.; Waters, C.; Strom, T. B. (1987). "Genetic assembly and selective toxicity of diphtheria-toxin-related polypeptide hormone fusion proteins". Biochemical Society Symposium. 53: 9–23. PMID 2847744.
Nelsen, David R.; Nisani, Zia; Cooper, Allen M.; Fox, Gerad A.; Gren, Eric C. K.; Corbit, Aaron G.; Hayes, William K. (2014). "Poisons, toxungens, and venoms: Redefining and classifying toxic biological secretions and the organisms that employ them". Biological Reviews. 89 (2): 450–465. doi:10.1111/brv.12062. PMID 24102715. S2CID 207101679.
Robinson, Samuel D; Norton, Raymond S (17 December 2014). "Conotoxin Gene Superfamilies". Marine Drugs. 12 (12): 6058–6101. doi:10.3390/md12126058. PMC 4278219. PMID 25522317.
Janik, Edyta; Ceremuga, Michal; Saluk-Bijak, Joanna; Bijak, Michal (8 March 2019). "Biological Toxins as the Potential Tools for Bioterrorism". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 20 (5): 1181. doi:10.3390/ijms20051181. ISSN 1422-0067. PMC 6429496. PMID 30857127.
Płusa, Tadeusz (September 2015). "[Toxins as a biological weapon]". Polski Merkuriusz Lekarski. 39 (231): 131–133. ISSN 1426-9686. PMID 26449572.
Grigg J (March 2004). "Environmental toxins; their impact on children's health". Archives of Disease in Childhood. 89 (3): 244–50. doi:10.1136/adc.2002.022202. PMC 1719840. PMID 14977703.
Vale C, Alfonso A, Vieytes MR, Romarís XM, Arévalo F, Botana AM, Botana LM (March 2008). "In vitro and in vivo evaluation of paralytic shellfish poisoning toxin potency and the influence of the pH of extraction". Analytical Chemistry. 80 (5): 1770–6. doi:10.1021/ac7022266. PMID 18232710.
Abouabdellah R, Taleb H, Bennouna A, Erler K, Chafik A, Moukrim A (April 2008). "Paralytic shellfish poisoning toxin profile of mussels Perna perna from southern Atlantic coasts of Morocco". Toxicon. 51 (5): 780–6. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.12.004. PMID 18237757.
Wang L, Liang XF, Zhang WB, Mai KS, Huang Y, Shen D (November 2009). "Amnesic shellfish poisoning toxin stimulates the transcription of CYP1A possibly through AHR and ARNT in the liver of red sea bream Pagrus major". Marine Pollution Bulletin. 58 (11): 1643–8. Bibcode:2009MarPB..58.1643W. doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.07.004. PMID 19665739.
Mouratidou T, Kaniou-Grigoriadou I, Samara C, Kouimtzis T (August 2006). "Detection of the marine toxin okadaic acid in mussels during a diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) episode in Thermaikos Gulf, Greece, using biological, chemical and immunological methods". The Science of the Total Environment. 366 (2–3): 894–904. Bibcode:2006ScTEn.366..894M. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.03.002. PMID 16815531.
Doucet E, Ross NN, Quilliam MA (September 2007). "Enzymatic hydrolysis of esterified diarrhetic shellfish poisoning toxins and pectenotoxins". Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. 389 (1): 335–42. doi:10.1007/s00216-007-1489-3. PMID 17661021. S2CID 21971745.
Poli MA, Musser SM, Dickey RW, Eilers PP, Hall S (July 2000). "Neurotoxic shellfish poisoning and brevetoxin metabolites: a case study from Florida". Toxicon. 38 (7): 981–93. doi:10.1016/S0041-0101(99)00191-9. PMID 10728835.
Morohashi A, Satake M, Naoki H, Kaspar HF, Oshima Y, Yasumoto T (1999). "Brevetoxin B4 isolated from greenshell mussels Perna canaliculus, the major toxin involved in neurotoxic shellfish poisoning in New Zealand". Natural Toxins. 7 (2): 45–8. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1522-7189(199903/04)7:2<45::AID-NT34>3.0.CO;2-H. PMID 10495465.
Dorne JL, Richardson J, Kass G, Georgiadis N, Monguidi M, Pasinato L, Cappe S, Verhagen H, Robinson T (January 2017). "OpenFoodTox: EFSA's open source toxicological database on chemical hazards in food and feed". EFSA Journal. 15 (1): e15011. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2017.e15011. PMC 7009813. PMID 32625280.
Reilly L, Serafimova R, Partosch F, Gundert-Remy U, Cortiñas Abrahantes J, Dorne JM, Kass GE (October 2019). "Testing the thresholds of toxicological concern values using a new database for food-related substances". Toxicology Letters. 314: 117–123. doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.07.019. PMID 31325634.
Pearce JM, Khaksari M, Denkenberger D (April 2019). "Preliminary Automated Determination of Edibility of Alternative Foods: Non-Targeted Screening for Toxins in Red Maple Leaf Concentrate". Plants. 8 (5): 110. doi:10.3390/plants8050110. PMC 6571818. PMID 31027336.
Fonger GC, Stroup D, Thomas PL, Wexler P (January 2000). "TOXNET: A computerized collection of toxicological and environmental health information". Toxicology and Industrial Health. 16 (1): 4–6. doi:10.1177/074823370001600101. PMID 10798381. S2CID 34029729.
Hochstein C, Szczur M (24 July 2006). "TOXMAP: a GIS-based gateway to environmental health resources". Medical Reference Services Quarterly. 25 (3): 13–31. doi:10.1300/J115v25n03_02. PMC 2703818. PMID 16893844.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Bennett, Joan W; Inamdar, Arati A (2015). "Are Some Fungal Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Mycotoxins?". Toxins. 7 (9). Basel: 3785–3804. doi:10.3390/toxins7093785. PMC 4591661. PMID 26402705.
Beans, Carolyn (2021). "Keeping arsenic out of rice". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 118 (33). Bibcode:2021PNAS..11813071B. doi:10.1073/pnas.2113071118. PMC 8379988. PMID 34380741. S2CID 236989837.
Robinson, Samuel D; Norton, Raymond S (17 December 2014). "Conotoxin Gene Superfamilies". Marine Drugs. 12 (12): 6058–6101. doi:10.3390/md12126058. PMC 4278219. PMID 25522317.
Janik, Edyta; Ceremuga, Michal; Saluk-Bijak, Joanna; Bijak, Michal (8 March 2019). "Biological Toxins as the Potential Tools for Bioterrorism". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 20 (5): 1181. doi:10.3390/ijms20051181. ISSN 1422-0067. PMC 6429496. PMID 30857127.
Grigg J (March 2004). "Environmental toxins; their impact on children's health". Archives of Disease in Childhood. 89 (3): 244–50. doi:10.1136/adc.2002.022202. PMC 1719840. PMID 14977703.
Dorne JL, Richardson J, Kass G, Georgiadis N, Monguidi M, Pasinato L, Cappe S, Verhagen H, Robinson T (January 2017). "OpenFoodTox: EFSA's open source toxicological database on chemical hazards in food and feed". EFSA Journal. 15 (1): e15011. doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2017.e15011. PMC 7009813. PMID 32625280.
Pearce JM, Khaksari M, Denkenberger D (April 2019). "Preliminary Automated Determination of Edibility of Alternative Foods: Non-Targeted Screening for Toxins in Red Maple Leaf Concentrate". Plants. 8 (5): 110. doi:10.3390/plants8050110. PMC 6571818. PMID 31027336.
Hochstein C, Szczur M (24 July 2006). "TOXMAP: a GIS-based gateway to environmental health resources". Medical Reference Services Quarterly. 25 (3): 13–31. doi:10.1300/J115v25n03_02. PMC 2703818. PMID 16893844.

sis.nlm.nih.gov

"Environmental Health and Toxicology Information". National Library of Medicine. Archived from the original on 1 September 2018. Retrieved 29 September 2010.

toxnet.nlm.nih.gov

"TOXNET". toxnet.nlm.nih.gov. Archived from the original on 14 May 2019. Retrieved 29 September 2010.

sciencedirect.com

Gupta, PK (2018). Illustrated Toxicology with Study Questions. Elsevier Inc. ISBN 978-0-12-813213-5.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Beans, Carolyn (2021). "Keeping arsenic out of rice". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 118 (33). Bibcode:2021PNAS..11813071B. doi:10.1073/pnas.2113071118. PMC 8379988. PMID 34380741. S2CID 236989837.
Nelsen, David R.; Nisani, Zia; Cooper, Allen M.; Fox, Gerad A.; Gren, Eric C. K.; Corbit, Aaron G.; Hayes, William K. (2014). "Poisons, toxungens, and venoms: Redefining and classifying toxic biological secretions and the organisms that employ them". Biological Reviews. 89 (2): 450–465. doi:10.1111/brv.12062. PMID 24102715. S2CID 207101679.
Oikawa H, Fujita T, Saito K, Satomi M, Yano Y (2008). "Difference in the level of paralytic shellfish poisoning toxin accumulation between the crabs Telmessus acutidens and Charybdis japonica collected in Onahama, Fukushima Prefecture". Fisheries Science. 73 (2): 395–403. doi:10.1111/j.1444-2906.2007.01347.x. S2CID 22926782.
Wang L, Vaquero E, Leão JM, Gogo-Martínez A, Rodríguez Vázquez JA (2001). "Optimization of conditions for the liquid chromatographic-electrospray lonization-mass spectrometric analysis of amnesic shellfish poisoning toxins". Chromatographia. 53 (1): S231–35. doi:10.1007/BF02490333. S2CID 97937094.
Doucet E, Ross NN, Quilliam MA (September 2007). "Enzymatic hydrolysis of esterified diarrhetic shellfish poisoning toxins and pectenotoxins". Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. 389 (1): 335–42. doi:10.1007/s00216-007-1489-3. PMID 17661021. S2CID 21971745.
Fonger GC, Stroup D, Thomas PL, Wexler P (January 2000). "TOXNET: A computerized collection of toxicological and environmental health information". Toxicology and Industrial Health. 16 (1): 4–6. doi:10.1177/074823370001600101. PMID 10798381. S2CID 34029729.

unrevealedfiles.com

Editorial, Team (24 May 2021). "Toxins: Venom within Living Cells or Organisms". Unrevealed Files. Retrieved 17 July 2021.

web.archive.org

"toxin" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
"Diagnosis and Treatment | Botulism". CDC. 1 June 2021. Archived from the original on 12 April 2022. Retrieved 12 April 2022.
"biotoxin" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
"Environmental Health and Toxicology Information". National Library of Medicine. Archived from the original on 1 September 2018. Retrieved 29 September 2010.
"TOXNET". toxnet.nlm.nih.gov. Archived from the original on 14 May 2019. Retrieved 29 September 2010.

webmd.com

Goodman, Brenda. "Arsenic in Food: FAQ". WebMD. Retrieved 20 May 2022.

worldcat.org

Brade, Helmut (1999). Endotoxin in Health and Disease. CRC Press. ISBN 9780824719449. OCLC 41299257.
Janik, Edyta; Ceremuga, Michal; Saluk-Bijak, Joanna; Bijak, Michal (8 March 2019). "Biological Toxins as the Potential Tools for Bioterrorism". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 20 (5): 1181. doi:10.3390/ijms20051181. ISSN 1422-0067. PMC 6429496. PMID 30857127.
Płusa, Tadeusz (September 2015). "[Toxins as a biological weapon]". Polski Merkuriusz Lekarski. 39 (231): 131–133. ISSN 1426-9686. PMID 26449572.

zenodo.org

Poli MA, Musser SM, Dickey RW, Eilers PP, Hall S (July 2000). "Neurotoxic shellfish poisoning and brevetoxin metabolites: a case study from Florida". Toxicon. 38 (7): 981–93. doi:10.1016/S0041-0101(99)00191-9. PMID 10728835.