Transformer (English Wikipedia)

Boteler, D. H.; Pirjola, R. J.; Nevanlinna, H. (1998). "The Effects of Geomagnetic Disturbances On Electrical Systems at the Earth's Surface". Advances in Space Research. 22 (1): 17–27. Bibcode:1998AdSpR..22...17B. doi:10.1016/S0273-1177(97)01096-X.
Hasegawa, Ryusuke (June 2, 2000). "Present Status of Amorphous Soft Magnetic Alloys". Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials. 215–216 (1): 240–245. Bibcode:2000JMMM..215..240H. doi:10.1016/S0304-8853(00)00126-8.
Coltman 1988, pp. 86–95 Coltman, J. W. (Jan 1988). "The Transformer". Scientific American. 258 (1): 86–95. Bibcode:1988SciAm.258a..86C. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0188-86. OSTI 6851152.

aerospaceweb.org (Global: low place; English: low place)

"400 Hz Electrical Systems". Aerospaceweb.org. Retrieved May 21, 2007.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Flanagan, William M. (1993). Handbook of Transformer Design & Applications (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-021291-6. pp. 2-1, 2-2.
McLaren 1984, pp. 68–74 McLaren, Peter (1984). Elementary Electric Power and Machines. Ellis Horwood. ISBN 978-0-470-20057-5.
Terman, Frederick E. (1955). Electronic and Radio Engineering (4th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. 15.
US Army Corps of Engineers (1994). "EM 1110-2-3006 Engineering and Design – Hydroelectric Power Plants Electrical Design". Chapter 4 Power Transformers. p. 4-1.
Hindmarsh 1977, pp. 29–31 Hindmarsh, John (1977). Electrical Machines and Their Applications (4th ed.). Exeter, England: Pergamon. ISBN 978-0-08-030573-8.
Poyser, Arthur William (1892). Magnetism and Electricity: A Manual for Students in Advanced Classes. London and New York: Longmans, Green, & Co. p. 285, fig. 248.
Faraday, Michael (1834). "Experimental Researches on Electricity, 7th Series". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. 124: 77–122. doi:10.1098/rstl.1834.0008. S2CID 116224057.
Uppenborn, F. J. (1889). History of the Transformer. London: E. & F. N. Spon. pp. 35–41.
Smil, Vaclav (2005). Creating the Twentieth Century: Technical Innovations of 1867–1914 and Their Lasting Impact. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 71. ISBN 978-0-19-803774-3. ZBD transformer.
Oxford English Dictionary (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. 1989.
Hospitalier, Édouard (1882). The Modern Applications of Electricity. Translated by Julius Maier. New York: D. Appleton & Co. p. 103.

blnz.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Nailen, Richard (May 2005). "Why We Must Be Concerned With Transformers". Electrical Apparatus. Archived from the original on 2009-04-29.

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"Bláthy, Ottó Titusz". Budapest University of Technology and Economics, National Technical Information Centre and Library. Retrieved Feb 29, 2012.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Brenner & Javid 1959, §18-6 The Ideal Transformer, pp. 598–600. Brenner, Egon; Javid, Mansour (1959). "Chapter 18–Circuits with Magnetic Coupling". Analysis of Electric Circuits. McGraw-Hill. pp. 586–622.
Brenner & Javid 1959, §18-1 Symbols and Polarity of Mutual Inductance, pp.=589–590 Brenner, Egon; Javid, Mansour (1959). "Chapter 18–Circuits with Magnetic Coupling". Analysis of Electric Circuits. McGraw-Hill. pp. 586–622.
Heathcote 1998, p. 4 Heathcote, Martin (1998). J & P Transformer Book (12th ed.). Newnes. ISBN 978-0-7506-1158-9.
Heathcote 1998, pp. 41–42 Heathcote, Martin (1998). J & P Transformer Book (12th ed.). Newnes. ISBN 978-0-7506-1158-9.
Pansini 1999, p. 23 Pansini, Anthony (1999). Electrical Transformers and Power Equipment. CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-88173-311-2.
Del Vecchio et al. 2002, pp. 10–11, Fig. 1.8. Del Vecchio, Robert M.; Poulin, Bertrand; Feghali, Pierre T. M.; Shah, Dilipkumar; Ahuja, Rajendra (2002). Transformer Design Principles: With Applications to Core-Form Power Transformers. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-90-5699-703-8.
Gottlieb 1998, p. 4 Gottlieb, Irving (1998). Practical Transformer Handbook: for Electronics, Radio and Communications Engineers. Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-7506-3992-7.
Kulkarni & Khaparde 2004, pp. 36–37 Kulkarni, S. V.; Khaparde, S. A. (2004). Transformer Engineering: Design and Practice. CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8247-5653-6.
McLyman 2004, pp. 3-9 to 3-14 McLyman, Colonel William (2004). "Chapter 3". Transformer and Inductor Design Handbook. CRC. ISBN 0-8247-5393-3.
McLyman 2004, p. 3-1 McLyman, Colonel William (2004). "Chapter 3". Transformer and Inductor Design Handbook. CRC. ISBN 0-8247-5393-3.
Pansini 1999, p. 32 Pansini, Anthony (1999). Electrical Transformers and Power Equipment. CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-88173-311-2.
Kulkarni & Khaparde 2004, pp. 2–3 Kulkarni, S. V.; Khaparde, S. A. (2004). Transformer Engineering: Design and Practice. CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8247-5653-6.
Pansini 1999, pp. 66–67 Pansini, Anthony (1999). Electrical Transformers and Power Equipment. CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-88173-311-2.
Ryan 2004, pp. 416–417 Ryan, H. M. (2004). High Voltage Engineering and Testing. CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-85296-775-1.
Heathcote 1998, p. 1 Heathcote, Martin (1998). J & P Transformer Book (12th ed.). Newnes. ISBN 978-0-7506-1158-9.
Chow, Tai L. (2006). Introduction to Electromagnetic Theory: A Modern Perspective. Sudbury, Mass.: Jones and Bartlett Publishers. p. 171. ISBN 978-0-7637-3827-3.
Hughes 1993, pp. 95–96 Hughes, Thomas P. (1993). Networks of Power: Electrification in Western Society, 1880-1930. Baltimore, Maryland: The Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 96. ISBN 978-0-8018-2873-7. Retrieved Sep 9, 2009.
William R. Huber (2022). George Westinghouse Powering the World. McFarland & Company. p. 84. ISBN 9781476686929.
Skrabec, Quentin R. (2007). George Westinghouse: Gentle Genius. Algora Publishing. p. 102. ISBN 978-0-87586-508-9.

bplglobal.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

Hartley, William H. (2003). Analysis of Transformer Failures. 36th Annual Conference of the International Association of Engineering Insurers. p. 7 (fig. 6). Archived from the original on 20 October 2013. Retrieved 30 January 2013.{{cite conference}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

britannica.com (Global: 37^th place; English: 64^th place)

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"ASTDR ToxFAQs for Polychlorinated Biphenyls". 2001. Retrieved June 10, 2007.

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De Keulenaer et al. 2001 De Keulenaer, Hans; Chapman, David; Fassbinder, Stefan; McDermott, Mike (2001). The Scope for Energy Saving in the EU through the Use of Energy-Efficient Electricity Distribution Transformers (PDF). 16th International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution (CIRED 2001). Institution of Engineering and Technology. doi:10.1049/cp:20010853. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 10 July 2014.

d-nb.info (Global: 281^st place; English: 5,103^rd place)

Neidhöfer, Gerhard (2008). Michael von Dolivo-Dobrowolsky and Three-Phase: The Beginnings of Modern e Technology and Power Supply (in German). In collaboration with VDE "History of Electrical Engineering" Committee (2nd ed.). Berlin: VDE-Verl. ISBN 978-3-8007-3115-2.

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Bedell, Frederick (1942). "History of A-C wave Form, Its Determination and Standardization". Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. 61 (12): 864. doi:10.1109/T-AIEE.1942.5058456. S2CID 51658522.
Crosby 1958, p. 145 Crosby, D. (1958). "The Ideal Transformer". IRE Transactions on Circuit Theory. 5 (2): 145. doi:10.1109/TCT.1958.1086447.
De Keulenaer et al. 2001 De Keulenaer, Hans; Chapman, David; Fassbinder, Stefan; McDermott, Mike (2001). The Scope for Energy Saving in the EU through the Use of Energy-Efficient Electricity Distribution Transformers (PDF). 16th International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution (CIRED 2001). Institution of Engineering and Technology. doi:10.1049/cp:20010853. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 10 July 2014.
Allan, D.J. (Jan 1991). "Power Transformers – The Second Century". Power Engineering Journal. 5 (1): 5–14. doi:10.1049/pe:19910004 (inactive 12 July 2025).{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link)
Boteler, D. H.; Pirjola, R. J.; Nevanlinna, H. (1998). "The Effects of Geomagnetic Disturbances On Electrical Systems at the Earth's Surface". Advances in Space Research. 22 (1): 17–27. Bibcode:1998AdSpR..22...17B. doi:10.1016/S0273-1177(97)01096-X.
Hasegawa, Ryusuke (June 2, 2000). "Present Status of Amorphous Soft Magnetic Alloys". Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials. 215–216 (1): 240–245. Bibcode:2000JMMM..215..240H. doi:10.1016/S0304-8853(00)00126-8.
Mehta, S. P.; Aversa, N.; Walker, M. S. (Jul 1997). "Transforming transformers [superconducting windings]" (PDF). IEEE Spectrum. 34 (7): 43–49. doi:10.1109/6.609815. Retrieved 14 November 2012.
Guarnieri 2013, pp. 56–59 Guarnieri, M. (2013). "Who Invented the Transformer?". IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine. 7 (4): 56–59. doi:10.1109/MIE.2013.2283834. S2CID 27936000.
Faraday, Michael (1834). "Experimental Researches on Electricity, 7th Series". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. 124: 77–122. doi:10.1098/rstl.1834.0008. S2CID 116224057.
Halacsy, Andrew; Fuchs, George (April 1961). "Transformer Invented 75 Years Ago". Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. Part III: Power Apparatus and Systems. 80 (3): 121–125. doi:10.1109/AIEEPAS.1961.4500994. S2CID 51632693.
Coltman 1988, pp. 86–95 Coltman, J. W. (Jan 1988). "The Transformer". Scientific American. 258 (1): 86–95. Bibcode:1988SciAm.258a..86C. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0188-86. OSTI 6851152.
Halacsy & Von Fuchs 1961, pp. 121–125 Halacsy, A. A.; Von Fuchs, G. H. (April 1961). "Transformer Invented 75 Years Ago". Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. Part III: Power Apparatus and Systems. 80 (3): 121–125. doi:10.1109/AIEEPAS.1961.4500994. S2CID 51632693.
Brusso, Barry; Allerhand, Adam (January 2021). "A Contrarian History of Early Electric Power Distribution [History]". IEEE Industry Applications Magazine. 27. IEEE: 12. doi:10.1109/MIAS.2020.3028630. S2CID 230605234.
Coltman 2002 Coltman, J. W. (Jan–Feb 2002). "History: The Transformer". IEEE Industry Applications Magazine. 8 (1): 8–15. doi:10.1109/2943.974352. S2CID 18160717.

du.edu (Global: 9,571^st place; English: 6,099^th place)

Calvert, James (2001). "Inside Transformers". University of Denver. Archived from the original on May 9, 2007. Retrieved May 19, 2007.

ecmweb.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Lane, Keith (2007) (June 2007). "The Basics of Large Dry-Type Transformers". EC&M. Retrieved 29 January 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

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"Understanding Transformer Noise" (PDF). FP. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 May 2006. Retrieved 30 January 2013.

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Hydroelectric Research and Technical Services Group. "Transformers: Basics, Maintenance, and Diagnostics" (PDF). U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation. p. 12. Retrieved Mar 27, 2012.

gutenberg.org (Global: 629^th place; English: 427^th place)

Hawkins, Nehemiah; et al. (1914). Hawkins' Electrical Guide. Vol. 4. New York, New York: Theo. Audel. "Distribution systems" chapter – via Project Gutenberg.

hsb.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Hartley, William H. (~2011). "An Analysis of Transformer Failures, Part 1 – 1988 through 1997". The Locomotive. Archived from the original on 18 June 2018. Retrieved 30 January 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

iec.ch (Global: 6,187^th place; English: 5,390^th place)

"Ottó Bláthy, Miksa Déri, Károly Zipernowsky". IEC Techline. Archived from the original on 2010-12-06. Retrieved Apr 16, 2010.
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Lucas, J. R. "Historical Development of the Transformer" (PDF). IEE Sri Lanka Centre. Retrieved Mar 1, 2012.

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"Stanley Transformer – 1886 - MagLab". Archived from the original on 2017-10-11. Retrieved 2021-07-27.

osti.gov (Global: 2,098^th place; English: 1,146^th place)

Coltman 1988, pp. 86–95 Coltman, J. W. (Jan 1988). "The Transformer". Scientific American. 258 (1): 86–95. Bibcode:1988SciAm.258a..86C. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0188-86. OSTI 6851152.

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api.semanticscholar.org

Bedell, Frederick (1942). "History of A-C wave Form, Its Determination and Standardization". Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. 61 (12): 864. doi:10.1109/T-AIEE.1942.5058456. S2CID 51658522.
Guarnieri 2013, pp. 56–59 Guarnieri, M. (2013). "Who Invented the Transformer?". IEEE Industrial Electronics Magazine. 7 (4): 56–59. doi:10.1109/MIE.2013.2283834. S2CID 27936000.
Faraday, Michael (1834). "Experimental Researches on Electricity, 7th Series". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. 124: 77–122. doi:10.1098/rstl.1834.0008. S2CID 116224057.
Halacsy, Andrew; Fuchs, George (April 1961). "Transformer Invented 75 Years Ago". Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. Part III: Power Apparatus and Systems. 80 (3): 121–125. doi:10.1109/AIEEPAS.1961.4500994. S2CID 51632693.
Halacsy & Von Fuchs 1961, pp. 121–125 Halacsy, A. A.; Von Fuchs, G. H. (April 1961). "Transformer Invented 75 Years Ago". Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. Part III: Power Apparatus and Systems. 80 (3): 121–125. doi:10.1109/AIEEPAS.1961.4500994. S2CID 51632693.
Brusso, Barry; Allerhand, Adam (January 2021). "A Contrarian History of Early Electric Power Distribution [History]". IEEE Industry Applications Magazine. 27. IEEE: 12. doi:10.1109/MIAS.2020.3028630. S2CID 230605234.
Coltman 2002 Coltman, J. W. (Jan–Feb 2002). "History: The Transformer". IEEE Industry Applications Magazine. 8 (1): 8–15. doi:10.1109/2943.974352. S2CID 18160717.

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Calvert, James (2001). "Inside Transformers". University of Denver. Archived from the original on May 9, 2007. Retrieved May 19, 2007.
De Keulenaer et al. 2001 De Keulenaer, Hans; Chapman, David; Fassbinder, Stefan; McDermott, Mike (2001). The Scope for Energy Saving in the EU through the Use of Energy-Efficient Electricity Distribution Transformers (PDF). 16th International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution (CIRED 2001). Institution of Engineering and Technology. doi:10.1049/cp:20010853. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 10 July 2014.
"Understanding Transformer Noise" (PDF). FP. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 May 2006. Retrieved 30 January 2013.
Nailen, Richard (May 2005). "Why We Must Be Concerned With Transformers". Electrical Apparatus. Archived from the original on 2009-04-29.
"Toroidal Line Power Transformers. Power Ratings Tripled. | Magnetics Magazine". www.magneticsmagazine.com. Archived from the original on 2016-09-24. Retrieved 2016-09-23.
Hartley, William H. (2003). Analysis of Transformer Failures. 36th Annual Conference of the International Association of Engineering Insurers. p. 7 (fig. 6). Archived from the original on 20 October 2013. Retrieved 30 January 2013.{{cite conference}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
Hartley, William H. (~2011). "An Analysis of Transformer Failures, Part 1 – 1988 through 1997". The Locomotive. Archived from the original on 18 June 2018. Retrieved 30 January 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
MacPherson, Ph.D., Ryan C. Joseph Henry: The Rise of an American scientist. Archived from the original on 2015-12-08. Retrieved 2015-10-28.
"Stanley Transformer – 1886 - MagLab". Archived from the original on 2017-10-11. Retrieved 2021-07-27.
Jeszenszky, Sándor. "Electrostatics and Electrodynamics at Pest University in the Mid-19th Century" (PDF). University of Pavia. Archived from the original on June 27, 2022. Retrieved Mar 3, 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
"Hungarian Inventors and Their Inventions". Institute for Developing Alternative Energy in Latin America. Archived from the original on 2012-03-22. Retrieved Mar 3, 2012.
Nagy, Árpád Zoltán (Oct 11, 1996). "Lecture to Mark the 100th Anniversary of the Discovery of the Electron in 1897 (preliminary text)". Budapest. Archived from the original on November 25, 2012. Retrieved July 9, 2009.
"Ottó Bláthy, Miksa Déri, Károly Zipernowsky". IEC Techline. Archived from the original on 2010-12-06. Retrieved Apr 16, 2010.
History of Tinicum Township (PA) 1643–1993 (PDF). Tinicum Township Historical Society. 1993. Archived (PDF) from the original on April 23, 2015.
International Electrotechnical Commission. Otto Blathy, Miksa Déri, Károly Zipernowsky. Archived from the original on December 6, 2010. Retrieved May 17, 2007. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)

Transformer (English Wikipedia)

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