Ezel Kural Shaw (1977), Reform, revolution and republic : the rise of modern Turkey (1808-1975), History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey, vol. 2, Cambridge University Press, p. 326, OCLC78646544 (Turkish Perspective)
Richard Hovannisian, The Armenian people from ancient to modern times, pp. 292–293, ISBN978-0-333-61974-2, OCLC312951712 (Armenian Perspective)