Turkey (English Wikipedia)

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Howard 2016, p. 24 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Howard 2016, p. 24 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Howard 2016, p. 24 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Howard 2016, p. 24 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Howard 2016, p. 24 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Howard 2016, pp. 38–39 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Howard 2016, p. 45 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Somel 2010, p. xcvii Somel, S.A. (2010). The A to Z of the Ottoman Empire. The A to Z Guide Series. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-1-4617-3176-4.
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Somel 2010, p. xcvii Somel, S.A. (2010). The A to Z of the Ottoman Empire. The A to Z Guide Series. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-1-4617-3176-4.
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Howard 2016, p. 31 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Clauson 1972, pp. 542–543 Clauson, Gerard (1972). An Etymological Dictionary of Pre-thirteenth-century Turkish. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-864112-4.
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Findley 2005, p. 51 Findley, Carter V. (2005). The Turks in World History. Oxford University Press, USA. ISBN 978-0-19-517726-8.
Howard 2016, p. 24 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Howard 2016, p. 25 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Howard 2016, p. 26 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Sagona & Zimansky 2015, p. 246 Sagona, Antonio; Zimansky, Paul (2015). Ancient Turkey. Routledge. doi:10.4324/9780203880463. ISBN 978-1-134-44027-6.
Howard 2016, pp. 26–27 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Howard 2016, p. 27 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Howard 2016, p. 28 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Rovelli, C. (2023). Anaximander: And the Birth of Science. Penguin Publishing Group. pp. 20–30. ISBN 978-0-593-54237-8. Retrieved 1 June 2024.
Baird 2016, p. 8 Baird, Forrest E. (2016). Philosophic Classics Ancient Philosophy, Volume I. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-315-51024-8.
Howard 2016, p. 29: "The sudden disappearance of the Persian Empire and the conquest of virtually the entire Middle Eastern world from the Nile to the Indus by Alexander the Great caused tremendous political and cultural upheaval." ... "statesmen throughout the conquered regions attempted to implement a policy of Hellenization. For indigenous elites, this amounted to the forced assimilation of native religion and culture to Greek models. It met resistance in Anatolia as elsewhere, especially from priests and others who controlled temple wealth." Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Mitchell 1995, pp. 3–4 Mitchell, Stephen (1995). Anatolia: Land, Men, and Gods in Asia Minor Volume I: The Celts and the Impact of Roman Rule. Clarendon Press. ISBN 978-0-19-815029-9.
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Hoyos 2019, pp. 62, 83, 115 Hoyos, Dexter (2019). Rome Victorious. The Irresistible Rise of the Roman Empire. I.B. Tauris & Co. Ltd. ISBN 978-1-78076-274-6.
Howard 2016, p. 30 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Howard 2016, p. 30 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
van den Hout 2011, p. 1 van den Hout, Theo (2011). The Elements of Hittite. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-13300-5.
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Howard 2016, pp. 36–38 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Howard 2016, p. 33 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Howard 2016, pp. 37–39 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Howard 2016, p. 35 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
Howard 2016, p. 38 Howard, Douglas A. (2016). The History of Turkey (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood. ISBN 978-1-4408-3466-0.
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