"History of Ultimate". Timeline of Events in Ultimate History. Retrieved November 13, 2023.
"History of Ultimate Frisbee in Canada". Development of Frisbee in the US and Canada. May 11, 2019. Retrieved September 29, 2022. Note: The Canadian Open Frisbee Championships (1972) in Toronto Canada and the Vancouver Open Frisbee Championships (1974) along with the IFT Guts Frisbee tournament in Northern Michigan were the first tournaments to introduce Frisbee as a disc sport (up until then, the Frisbee was only used as a toy.