Unicode (English Wikipedia)

Boucher, Nicholas; Shumailov, Ilia; Anderson, Ross; Papernot, Nicolas (2022). "Bad Characters: Imperceptible NLP Attacks". 2022 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP). San Francisco, CA, US: IEEE. pp. 1987–2004. arXiv:2106.09898. doi:10.1109/SP46214.2022.9833641. ISBN 978-1-66541-316-9. S2CID 235485405.

atspotify.com

engineering.atspotify.com

Engineering, Spotify (2013-06-18). "Creative usernames and Spotify account hijacking". Spotify Engineering. Retrieved 2023-04-15.

berkeley.edu

linguistics.berkeley.edu

"script encoding initiative". Berkeley Linguistics. Archived from the original on 2023-03-25.

beuth.de

"DIN 91379:2022-08: Characters and defined character sequences in Unicode for the electronic processing of names and data exchange in Europe, with CD-ROM". Beuth Verlag. Retrieved 2022-08-21.

cam.ac.uk

cl.cam.ac.uk

Kuhn, Markus (1998). "Multilingual European Character Set 2 (MES-2) Rationale". University of Cambridge. Retrieved 2023-03-20.
Pike, Rob (2003-04-30). "UTF-8 history".
"ISO/IEC JTC1/SC 18/WG 9 N" (PDF). Retrieved 2012-06-04.

debian.org

ISO 646-* Problem, Section 4.4.3.5 of Introduction to I18n, Tomohiro Kubota, 2001

dkuug.dk

std.dkuug.dk

AFII contribution about WAVE DASH, "An Unicode vendor-specific character table for japanese". 2011-04-22. Archived from the original on 2011-04-22. Retrieved 2019-05-20.

doi.org

B. Curtin (July 1999). Internationalization of the File Transfer Protocol. doi:10.17487/RFC2640. RFC 2640. Retrieved 2022-08-17.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: overridden setting (link)
H. Alvestrand (January 1998). IETF Policy on Character Sets and Languages. doi:10.17487/RFC2277. BCP 18. RFC 2277. Retrieved 2022-08-17.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: overridden setting (link)
J. Klensin; Y. Ko (July 2007). Overview and Framework for Internationalized Email. doi:10.17487/RFC4952. RFC 4952. Retrieved 2022-08-17.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: overridden setting (link)
J. Klensin; Y. Ko (February 2012). Overview and Framework for Internationalized Email. doi:10.17487/RFC6530. RFC 6530. Retrieved 2022-08-17.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: overridden setting (link)
J. Yao; W. Mao (February 2012). SMTP Extension for Internationalized Email. doi:10.17487/RFC6531. RFC 6531. Retrieved 2022-08-17.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: overridden setting (link)
A. Yang; S. Steele; N. Freed (February 2012). Internationalized Email Headers. doi:10.17487/RFC6532. RFC 6532. Retrieved 2022-08-17.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: overridden setting (link)
C. Newman; A. Gulbrandsen; A. Melnikov (June 2008). Internet Message Access Protocol Internationalization. doi:10.17487/RFC5255. RFC 5255. Retrieved 2022-08-17.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: overridden setting (link)
R. Gellens; C. Newman (February 2010). POP3 Support for UTF-8. doi:10.17487/RFC5721. RFC 5721. Retrieved 2022-08-17.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: overridden setting (link)
Boucher, Nicholas; Shumailov, Ilia; Anderson, Ross; Papernot, Nicolas (2022). "Bad Characters: Imperceptible NLP Attacks". 2022 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP). San Francisco, CA, US: IEEE. pp. 1987–2004. arXiv:2106.09898. doi:10.1109/SP46214.2022.9833641. ISBN 978-1-66541-316-9. S2CID 235485405.

emojipedia.org

"Unicode 6.0 Emoji List". emojipedia.org. Retrieved 2022-09-21.
"Unicode Version 16.0". emojipedia.org. Retrieved 2023-09-13.

evertype.com

CWA 13873:2000 – Multilingual European Subsets in ISO/IEC 10646-1 CEN Workshop Agreement 13873

github.com

"Noto CJK fonts". Noto Fonts. 2023-02-18. Select this deployment format if your system supports variable fonts and you prefer to use only one language, but also want full character coverage or the ability to language-tag text to use glyphs that are appropriate for the other languages (this requires an app that supports language tagging and the OpenType 'locl' GSUB feature).

googleblog.blogspot.com

Davis, Mark (2008-05-05). "Moving to Unicode 5.1". Official Google Blog. Retrieved 2021-02-19.

hanazono.ac.jp

kura.hanazono.ac.jp

Wittern, Christian (1995-05-01). "Chinese character codes: an update". International Research Institute for Zen Buddhism / Hanazono University. Archived from the original on 2004-10-12.

ibm.com

Topping, Suzanne (2013-06-25). "The secret life of Unicode". IBM. Archived from the original on 2013-06-25. Retrieved 2023-03-20.

ieee.org

ieeexplore.ieee.org

Boucher, Nicholas; Shumailov, Ilia; Anderson, Ross; Papernot, Nicolas (2022). "Bad Characters: Imperceptible NLP Attacks". 2022 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP). San Francisco, CA, US: IEEE. pp. 1987–2004. arXiv:2106.09898. doi:10.1109/SP46214.2022.9833641. ISBN 978-1-66541-316-9. S2CID 235485405.

ietf.org

datatracker.ietf.org

B. Curtin (July 1999). Internationalization of the File Transfer Protocol. doi:10.17487/RFC2640. RFC 2640. Retrieved 2022-08-17.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: overridden setting (link)
H. Alvestrand (January 1998). IETF Policy on Character Sets and Languages. doi:10.17487/RFC2277. BCP 18. RFC 2277. Retrieved 2022-08-17.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: overridden setting (link)
J. Klensin; Y. Ko (July 2007). Overview and Framework for Internationalized Email. doi:10.17487/RFC4952. RFC 4952. Retrieved 2022-08-17.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: overridden setting (link)
J. Klensin; Y. Ko (February 2012). Overview and Framework for Internationalized Email. doi:10.17487/RFC6530. RFC 6530. Retrieved 2022-08-17.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: overridden setting (link)
J. Yao; W. Mao (February 2012). SMTP Extension for Internationalized Email. doi:10.17487/RFC6531. RFC 6531. Retrieved 2022-08-17.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: overridden setting (link)
A. Yang; S. Steele; N. Freed (February 2012). Internationalized Email Headers. doi:10.17487/RFC6532. RFC 6532. Retrieved 2022-08-17.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: overridden setting (link)
C. Newman; A. Gulbrandsen; A. Melnikov (June 2008). Internet Message Access Protocol Internationalization. doi:10.17487/RFC5255. RFC 5255. Retrieved 2022-08-17.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: overridden setting (link)
R. Gellens; C. Newman (February 2010). POP3 Support for UTF-8. doi:10.17487/RFC5721. RFC 5721. Retrieved 2022-08-17.{{citation}}: CS1 maint: overridden setting (link)

ingrid.org

AFII contribution about WAVE DASH, "An Unicode vendor-specific character table for japanese". 2011-04-22. Archived from the original on 2011-04-22. Retrieved 2019-05-20.

jstor.org

Wheeler, David A. (2020). "Countermeasures". Initial Analysis of Underhanded Source Code: 4–1.

mit.gov.in

tdil.mit.gov.in

"JanaSanskritSans". Archived from the original on 2011-07-16.

nott.ac.uk

cajun.cs.nott.ac.uk

Bigelow, Charles; Holmes, Kris (September 1993). "The design of a Unicode font" (PDF). Electronic Publishing. 6 (3): 292.

preusstype.com

Preuss, Ingo. "OpenType Feature: locl – Localized Forms". preusstype.com.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Boucher, Nicholas; Shumailov, Ilia; Anderson, Ross; Papernot, Nicolas (2022). "Bad Characters: Imperceptible NLP Attacks". 2022 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP). San Francisco, CA, US: IEEE. pp. 1987–2004. arXiv:2106.09898. doi:10.1109/SP46214.2022.9833641. ISBN 978-1-66541-316-9. S2CID 235485405.

shapecatcher.com

Milde, Benjamin (2011). "Unicode Character Recognition".

super-nova.co.jp

tronweb.super-nova.co.jp

Searle, Stephen J. "Unicode Revisited". Retrieved 2013-01-18.
A Brief History of Character Codes, Steven J. Searle, originally written 1999, last updated 2004

trojansource.codes

Boucher, Nicholas; Anderson, Ross. "Trojan Source: Invisible Vulnerabilities" (PDF). Retrieved 2021-11-02.

unicode.org

"Table 4-4: General Category" (PDF). The Unicode Standard. Unicode Consortium. September 2022.
"Table 2-3: Types of code points" (PDF). The Unicode Standard. Unicode Consortium. September 2022.
"DerivedGeneralCategory.txt". The Unicode Consortium. 2022-04-26.
"5.7.1 General Category Values". UTR #44: Unicode Character Database. Unicode Consortium. 2020-03-04.
Unicode Character Encoding Stability Policies: Property Value Stability Stability policy: Some gc groups will never change. gc=Nd corresponds with Numeric Type=De (decimal).
"Annex C: Compatibility Properties (§ word)". Unicode Regular Expressions. Version 23. Unicode Consortium. 2022-02-08. Unicode Technical Standard #18.
"Table 4-9: Construction of Code Point Labels" (PDF). The Unicode Standard. Unicode Consortium. September 2022. A Code Point Label may be used to identify a nameless code point. E.g. <control-hhhh>, <control-0088>. The Name remains blank, which can prevent inadvertently replacing, in documentation, a Control Name with a true Control code. Unicode also uses <not a character> for <noncharacter>.
"A Unicode Standard Annex (UAX) forms an integral part of The Unicode Standard, but is published as a separate document."[1]
The Unicode Standard, Version 15.1.0. South San Francisco, CA: The Unicode Consortium. 2023-09-12. ISBN 978-1-936213-33-7.
"Unicode Technical Report #28: Unicode 3.2". Unicode Consortium. 2002-03-27. Retrieved 2022-06-23.
Jenkins, John H. (2021-08-26). "Unicode Standard Annex #45: U-source Ideographs". Unicode Consortium. Retrieved 2022-06-23. 2.2 The Source Field
"Unicode Character Count V15.1". Unicode. Archived from the original on 2023-10-09. Retrieved 2023-09-12.
"Emoji Counts, v15.1". Unicode. Archived from the original on 2023-09-28. Retrieved 2023-09-12.
"The Unicode Standard: A Technical Introduction". Retrieved 2010-03-16.
"Unicode Bulldog Award". Unicode. Archived from the original on 2023-11-11.
Becker, Joseph D. (1998-09-10) [1988-08-29]. "Unicode 88" (PDF). Unicode Consortium. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-11-25. Retrieved 2016-10-25. In 1978, the initial proposal for a set of "Universal Signs" was made by Bob Belleville at Xerox PARC. Many persons contributed ideas to the development of a new encoding design. Beginning in 1980, these efforts evolved into the Xerox Character Code Standard (XCCS) by the present author, a multilingual encoding that has been maintained by Xerox as an internal corporate standard since 1982, through the efforts of Ed Smura, Ron Pellar, and others.
Unicode arose as the result of eight years of working experience with XCCS. Its fundamental differences from XCCS were proposed by Peter Fenwick and Dave Opstad (pure 16-bit codes) and by Lee Collins (ideographic character unification). Unicode retains the many features of XCCS whose utility has been proved over the years in an international line of communication multilingual system products.
"Summary Narrative". Unicode. 2006-08-31. Retrieved 2010-03-15.
"History of Unicode Release and Publication Dates". Unicode. Retrieved 2023-03-20.
"The Unicode Consortium Members". Retrieved 2024-02-12.
"Supported Scripts". Unicode. Retrieved 2022-09-16.
"Roadmap to the BMP". Unicode Consortium. Retrieved 2018-07-30.
"Roadmaps to Unicode". Unicode. Archived from the original on 2023-12-08.
"About The Script Encoding Initiative". The Unicode Consortium. Retrieved 2012-06-04.
"Unicode 6.1 Paperback Available". announcements_at_unicode.org. Retrieved 2012-05-30.
"Unicode 15.0.0". Unicode. Retrieved 2023-09-12.
"Emoji Counts, v15.0". Unicode. Retrieved 2023-09-12.
"Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". Retrieved 2016-06-21.
- The Unicode Standard, Version 1.0.0. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. October 1991.
- - The Unicode Standard, Version 1.0.1. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. June 1992.
  - The Unicode Standard, Version 1.1.5. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. July 1995.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 2.0.0. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. July 1996.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 2.1.2. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. May 1998.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 3.0.0. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. September 1999.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 3.1.0. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. March 2001.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 3.2.0. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. March 2002.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 4.0.0. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. April 2003. ISBN 0-321-18578-1.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 4.1.0. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. March 2004. ISBN 0-321-18578-1.
    "Named Sequences-4.1.0". Retrieved 2010-03-16.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 5.0.0. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. 2006-07-14. ISBN 0-321-48091-0.
    "Unicode Data 5.0.0". Retrieved 2010-03-17.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 5.1.0. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. 2008-04-04. ISBN 0-321-48091-0.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 5.2.0. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. 2009-10-01. ISBN 978-1-936213-00-9.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 6.1.0. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. 2012-01-31. ISBN 978-1-936213-02-3.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 6.1.0. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. 2012-01-31. ISBN 978-1-936213-02-3.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 6.2.0. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. 2012-09-26. ISBN 978-1-936213-07-8.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 6.3.0. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. 2013-09-30. ISBN 978-1-936213-08-5.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 7.0.0. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. 2014-06-16. ISBN 978-1-936213-09-2.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 8.0.0. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. 2015-06-17. ISBN 978-1-936213-10-8.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 8.0.0. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. 2015-06-17. ISBN 978-1-936213-10-8.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 9.0.0. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. 2016-06-21. ISBN 978-1-936213-13-9.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 9.0.0. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. 2016-06-21. ISBN 978-1-936213-13-9.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 10.0.0. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. 2017-06-20. ISBN 978-1-936213-16-0.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 11.0.0. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. 2018-06-05. ISBN 978-1-936213-19-1.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 12.0.0. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. 2019-03-05. ISBN 978-1-936213-22-1.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 13.0.0. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. 2020-03-10. ISBN 978-1-936213-26-9.
    "The Unicode Standard, Version 13.0– Core Specification Appendix C" (PDF). Unicode Consortium. Retrieved 2020-03-11.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 14.0.0. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. 2021-09-14. ISBN 978-1-936213-29-0.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 15.0.0. Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium. 2022-09-13. ISBN 978-1-936213-32-0.
    The Unicode Standard, Version 15.1.0. South San Francisco, CA: The Unicode Consortium. 2023-09-12. ISBN 978-1-936213-33-7.
    "Proposed New Characters: The Pipeline". Unicode. 2023-09-12. Retrieved 2023-09-13.
    "Glossary of Unicode Terms". Retrieved 2010-03-16.
    "2.4 Code Points and Characters". The Unicode Standard Version 15.1 – Core Specification (PDF). 2023. p. 29.
    "3.4 Characters and Encoding". The Unicode Standard, Version 15.1 (PDF). 2023. p. 88.
    "Re: Origin of the U+nnnn notation". Unicode Mail List Archive (Mailing list). 2005-11-08.
    "Appendix A: Notational Conventions" (PDF). The Unicode Standard. Unicode Consortium. September 2023.
    "Unicode Character Encoding Stability Policy". Retrieved 2010-03-16.
    "Properties" (PDF). Retrieved 2023-09-12.
    "Unicode Character Encoding Model". Retrieved 2023-09-12.
    "Unicode Named Sequences". Retrieved 2022-09-16.
    "Unicode Name Aliases". Retrieved 2010-03-16.
    "UTF-8, UTF-16, UTF-32 & BOM". Unicode.org FAQ. Retrieved 2016-12-12.
    "Fonts and keyboards". Unicode Consortium. 2017-06-28. Retrieved 2019-10-13.
    "Appendix E: Han Unification History" (PDF). The Unicode Standard Version 15.0 – Core Specification. Unicode Consortium. 2022.
    "Case Folding Properties". Unicode Character Database. Unicode Consortium. 2023-05-12.
    "confusablesSummary.txt". Unicode Security Mechanisms for UTS #39. Unicode Consortium. 2023-08-11.
    "UTR #36: Unicode Security Considerations". Unicode.
    "UTR #36: Unicode Security Considerations". Unicode. Retrieved 2022-06-27.
    "Arabic Presentation Forms-A" (PDF). Retrieved 2010-03-20.
    "Arabic Presentation Forms-B" (PDF). Retrieved 2010-03-20.
    "Alphabetic Presentation Forms" (PDF). Retrieved 2010-03-20.
    "Proposal on Tibetan BrdaRten Characters Encoding for ISO/IEC 10646 in BMP" (PDF). 2002-12-02.
    Umamaheswaran, V. S. (2003-11-07). "Resolutions of WG 2 meeting 44" (PDF). Resolution M44.20.
    "Character Encoding Stability". Unicode. Archived from the original on 2024-01-01.
    "Unicode Technical Note #27: Known Anomalies in Unicode Character Names". Unicode. 2021-06-14.
    "Unicode chart: "actually this has the form of a lowercase calligraphic p, despite its name"" (PDF).
    "Misspelling of BRACKET in character name is a known defect" (PDF).
    "Unicode Standard Annex #24: Unicode Script Property". The Unicode Consortium. 2021. 2.2 Relation to ISO 15924 Codes. Retrieved 2022-04-29.
    "Scripts-15.1.0.txt". The Unicode Consortium. 2023. Retrieved 2023-09-12.
    home.unicode.org
    "Unicode FAQ". Retrieved 2020-04-02.
    blog.unicode.org
    "Unicode Version 12.1 released in support of the Reiwa Era". The Unicode Blog. Retrieved 2019-05-07.
    unicodelookup.com
    Hedley, Jonathan (2009). "Unicode Lookup".
    visualstudio.com
    code.visualstudio.com
    "Visual Studio Code October 2021". code.visualstudio.com. Retrieved 2021-11-11.
    w3.org
    "Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.1 (Second Edition)". Retrieved 2013-11-01.
    w3techs.com
    "Usage Survey of Character Encodings broken down by Ranking". W3Techs. Retrieved 2023-01-16.
    "Usage Statistics and Market Share of US-ASCII for Websites, October 2021". W3Techs. Retrieved 2020-11-01.
    web.archive.org
    "Unicode Character Count V15.1". Unicode. Archived from the original on 2023-10-09. Retrieved 2023-09-12.
    "Emoji Counts, v15.1". Unicode. Archived from the original on 2023-09-28. Retrieved 2023-09-12.
    "Unicode Bulldog Award". Unicode. Archived from the original on 2023-11-11.
    Becker, Joseph D. (1998-09-10) [1988-08-29]. "Unicode 88" (PDF). Unicode Consortium. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-11-25. Retrieved 2016-10-25. In 1978, the initial proposal for a set of "Universal Signs" was made by Bob Belleville at Xerox PARC. Many persons contributed ideas to the development of a new encoding design. Beginning in 1980, these efforts evolved into the Xerox Character Code Standard (XCCS) by the present author, a multilingual encoding that has been maintained by Xerox as an internal corporate standard since 1982, through the efforts of Ed Smura, Ron Pellar, and others.
    Unicode arose as the result of eight years of working experience with XCCS. Its fundamental differences from XCCS were proposed by Peter Fenwick and Dave Opstad (pure 16-bit codes) and by Lee Collins (ideographic character unification). Unicode retains the many features of XCCS whose utility has been proved over the years in an international line of communication multilingual system products.
    "Roadmaps to Unicode". Unicode. Archived from the original on 2023-12-08.
    "script encoding initiative". Berkeley Linguistics. Archived from the original on 2023-03-25.
    "JanaSanskritSans". Archived from the original on 2011-07-16.
    A Brief History of Character Codes, Steven J. Searle, originally written 1999, last updated 2004
    Topping, Suzanne (2013-06-25). "The secret life of Unicode". IBM. Archived from the original on 2013-06-25. Retrieved 2023-03-20.
    Wittern, Christian (1995-05-01). "Chinese character codes: an update". International Research Institute for Zen Buddhism / Hanazono University. Archived from the original on 2004-10-12.
    AFII contribution about WAVE DASH, "An Unicode vendor-specific character table for japanese". 2011-04-22. Archived from the original on 2011-04-22. Retrieved 2019-05-20.
    "Character Encoding Stability". Unicode. Archived from the original on 2024-01-01.
    
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Unicode (English Wikipedia)

alanwood.net

androidpolice.com

arxiv.org

atspotify.com

engineering.atspotify.com

berkeley.edu

linguistics.berkeley.edu

beuth.de

cam.ac.uk

cl.cam.ac.uk

debian.org

dkuug.dk

std.dkuug.dk

doi.org

emojipedia.org

evertype.com

github.com

googleblog.blogspot.com

hanazono.ac.jp

kura.hanazono.ac.jp

ibm.com

ieee.org

ieeexplore.ieee.org

ietf.org

datatracker.ietf.org

ingrid.org

jstor.org

mit.gov.in

tdil.mit.gov.in

nott.ac.uk

cajun.cs.nott.ac.uk

preusstype.com

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

shapecatcher.com

super-nova.co.jp

tronweb.super-nova.co.jp

trojansource.codes

unicode.org

unicode.org

home.unicode.org

blog.unicode.org

unicodelookup.com

visualstudio.com

code.visualstudio.com

w3.org

w3techs.com

web.archive.org