Unification of Germany (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Unification of Germany" in English language version.

Last modified: 22:55:05, 11 August 2026 (UTC)

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archive.org (Global: 6^th place; English: 6^th place)

Mack Smith, Denis (1994). Mazzini. Yale University Press. pp. 11–12. ISBN 978-0-300-05884-0.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Minahan 2000, pp. 288–289. Minahan, James (2000). "Germans". One Europe, Many Nations: A Historical Dictionary of European National Groups. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 0-313-30984-1. Retrieved March 11, 2016.
Minahan 2000, pp. 288–289^{[not specific enough to verify]} Minahan, James (2000). "Germans". One Europe, Many Nations: A Historical Dictionary of European National Groups. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 0-313-30984-1. Retrieved March 11, 2016.

britannica.com (Global: 37^th place; English: 64^th place)

Heather, Peter. "Germany: Ancient History". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Archived from the original on March 31, 2019. Retrieved November 21, 2020. Within the boundaries of present-day Germany... Germanic peoples such as the eastern Franks, Frisians, Saxons, Thuringians, Alemanni, and Bavarians—all speaking West Germanic dialects—had merged Germanic and borrowed Roman cultural features. It was among these groups that a German language and ethnic identity would gradually develop during the Middle Ages.

dhm.de (Global: 2,701^st place; English: 3,685^th place)

Scriba, Arnulf (September 6, 2014). "Der Deutsche Krieg 1866" [The German War 1866]. Deutsches Historisches Museum (in German). Retrieved March 29, 2026.
Die Reichsgründung 1871 (The Foundation of the Empire, 1871), Lebendiges virtuelles Museum Online, accessed 2008-12-22. German text translated: [...] on the wishes of Wilhelm I, on the 170th anniversary of the elevation of the House of Brandenburg to princely status on January 18, 1701, the assembled German princes and high military officials proclaimed Wilhelm I as German Emperor in the Hall of Mirrors at the Versailles Palace.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

See, e.g.: Ralf Dahrendorf, German History^{[not specific enough to verify]}, (1968), pp. 25–32; Wehler, Hans-Ulrich (1973). Das Deutsche Kaiserreich, 1871–1918 (in German). Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. pp. 10–14. ISBN 3-5253-3340-4. OCLC 873428. OL 23130743M.; Krieger 1973; Grew & Bien 1978, pp. 312–345; Kocka, Jürgen; Mitchell, Allan (1993). Bourgeois Society in Nineteenth Century Europe. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8549-6414-7. OL 8300088M.; Kocka, Jürgen (January 1988). "German History before Hitler: The Debate about the German Sonderweg". Journal of Contemporary History. 23 (1): 3–16. doi:10.1177/002200948802300101. JSTOR 260865. S2CID 159651458.; Berghahn, Volker (1982). Modern Germany: Society, Economy and Politics in the Twentieth Century. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-5213-4748-8. OL 2382839M. Krieger, Leonard (1973) [1957]. The German Idea of Freedom. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-2264-5347-7. OL 4125447W. Grew, Raymond; Bien, David D. (1978). Crises of Political Development in Europe and the United States. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-6910-7598-0. OL 4740623M.
Kocka, Jürgen (February 2003). "Comparison and Beyond". History and Theory. 42 (1): 39–44. doi:10.1111/1468-2303.00228.; Kocka, Jürgen (February 1999). "Asymmetrical Historical Comparison: The Case of the German Sonderweg". History and Theory. 38 (1): 40–50. doi:10.1111/0018-2656.751999075..

ebsco.com (Global: 3,424^th place; English: 2,154^th place)

Kauffman, Christopher J.; Gordon, Nancy M. (2023). "Organization of the German Confederation". EBSCO. Retrieved March 29, 2026.

fordham.edu (Global: 2,122^nd place; English: 1,444^th place)

Droysen, Johann Gustav. Modern History Sourcebook: Documents of German Unification, 1848–1871. Retrieved April 9, 2009.

ghi-dc.org (Global: 9,486^th place; English: 8,855^th place)

germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org

Sheehan 1989, pp. 460–470; German Historical Institute Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.

historyman.co.uk (Global: low place; English: low place)

Fichte, Johann Gottlieb (1808). "Address to the German Nation". www.historyman.co.uk. Retrieved June 6, 2009.

jstor.org (Global: 23^rd place; English: 15^th place)

See, e.g.: Ralf Dahrendorf, German History^{[not specific enough to verify]}, (1968), pp. 25–32; Wehler, Hans-Ulrich (1973). Das Deutsche Kaiserreich, 1871–1918 (in German). Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. pp. 10–14. ISBN 3-5253-3340-4. OCLC 873428. OL 23130743M.; Krieger 1973; Grew & Bien 1978, pp. 312–345; Kocka, Jürgen; Mitchell, Allan (1993). Bourgeois Society in Nineteenth Century Europe. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8549-6414-7. OL 8300088M.; Kocka, Jürgen (January 1988). "German History before Hitler: The Debate about the German Sonderweg". Journal of Contemporary History. 23 (1): 3–16. doi:10.1177/002200948802300101. JSTOR 260865. S2CID 159651458.; Berghahn, Volker (1982). Modern Germany: Society, Economy and Politics in the Twentieth Century. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-5213-4748-8. OL 2382839M. Krieger, Leonard (1973) [1957]. The German Idea of Freedom. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-2264-5347-7. OL 4125447W. Grew, Raymond; Bien, David D. (1978). Crises of Political Development in Europe and the United States. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-6910-7598-0. OL 4740623M.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; English: 7^th place)

timesmachine.nytimes.com

The Situation of Germany. (PDF) – The New York Times, July 1, 1866.

openlibrary.org (Global: 185^th place; English: 154^th place)

See, for example: Vann, James Allen (1975). The Swabian Kreis: Institutional Growth in the Holy Roman Empire 1648–1715. Studies Presented to International Commission for the History of Representative and Parliamentary Institutions. Vol. LII. Bruxelles: Editions de la librairie encyclopédique. OCLC 2276157. OL 4590654M.; Walker, Mack (1998). German Home Towns: Community, State, and General Estate, 1648–1871. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-8508-4. OL 466977M.^{[page needed]}
Gagliardo, John G. (1980). Reich and Nation. The Holy Roman Empire as Idea and Reality, 1763–1806. Indiana University Press. pp. 278–279. ISBN 0-2531-6773-6. OCLC 5563434. OL 22078286M.
Kann, Robert A. (1974). History of the Habsburg Empire: 1526–1918. Los Angeles: University of California Press. p. 221. ISBN 978-0-5200-4206-3. OL 7708659M.
Mann 1971, p. 70. Mann, Golo (1971) [1958]. Deutsche Geschichte des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts (in German). S. Fischer. ISBN 3-1034-7901-8. OL 15250052M.
Sheehan 1989, p. 434. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
Walter, Jakob (1996). Raeff, Marc (ed.). The diary of a Napoleonic foot soldier. Windrush Press. ISBN 0-9000-7537-6. OCLC 59977347. OL 20208714M.^{[page needed]}
Sheehan 1989, pp. 384–387. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
Sheehan 1989, p. 323. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
Sheehan 1989, pp. 322–323. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
Blackbourn & Eley 1984, Part 1; Nipperdey 1996, Chapter 1.^{[page needed]} Blackbourn, David; Eley, Geoff (1984). The Peculiarities of German History: Bourgeois Society and Politics in Nineteenth-Century Germany. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1987-3057-6. Nipperdey, Thomas (1996). Germany from Napoleon to Bismarck, 1800–1866. Translated by Nolan, Daniel. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6916-3611-5. OL 1273142M.
Sheehan 1989, pp. 398–410; Scott, Hamish M. (2006). The Birth of a Great Power System. London & New York: Longman. pp. 329–361. ISBN 978-0-5822-1717-1. OCLC 889270087. OL 3311839M.. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
Lee 1980. Lee, Lloyd (1980). The Politics of Harmony: Civil Service, Liberalism, and Social Reform in Baden, 1800–1850. Cranbury, New Jersey: Associated University Presses. ISBN 978-0-8741-3143-7. OL 8381260M.
Zamoyski 2007, pp. 98–115, 239–40. Zamoyski, Adam (2007). Rites of Peace: The Fall of Napoleon and the Congress of Vienna. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-0607-7518-6. OL 7281494M.
Sheehan 1989, pp. 398–410. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
Berenger, Jean (1997) [1990]. A History of the Habsburg Empire 1700–1918. Translated by Simpson, C.A. New York: Longman. pp. 96–97. ISBN 978-0-5820-9007-1. OCLC 891447020. OL 7879682M..
Namier, Lewis (1952). Avenues of History. New York: Macmillan. p. 34. OCLC 422057575. OL 6114891M.
Nipperdey 1996, pp. 1–3. Nipperdey, Thomas (1996). Germany from Napoleon to Bismarck, 1800–1866. Translated by Nolan, Daniel. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6916-3611-5. OL 1273142M.
Sheehan 1989, pp. 407–408, 444. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
Sheehan 1989, pp. 460–470; German Historical Institute Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
Sheehan 1989, pp. 442–445. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
Sheehan 1989, pp. 610–613. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
Sheehan 1989, p. 610. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
Sheehan 1989, p. 612. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
Sheehan 1989, p. 613. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
Sheehan 1989, pp. 610–615. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
Sheehan 1989, pp. 465–467; Blackbourn 1998, pp. 106–107 Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
Sheehan 1989, p. 465. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
Sheehan 1989, p. 466. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
Sheehan 1989, pp. 467–468. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
Sheehan 1989, p. 502. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
Sheehan 1989, p. 469. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
Sheehan 1989, p. 458. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
Sheehan 1989, pp. 466–467. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
Dominick, Raymond III (1992). The Environmental Movement in Germany. Bloomington: Indiana University. pp. 3–41. ISBN 0-2533-1819-X. OL 1549008M.
Sperber, Jonathan (2000). Revolutionary Europe, 1780–1850. New York: Longman. ISBN 0-5822-9446-0. OL 6779824M..^{[page needed]}
See, e.g.: Ralf Dahrendorf, German History^{[not specific enough to verify]}, (1968), pp. 25–32; Wehler, Hans-Ulrich (1973). Das Deutsche Kaiserreich, 1871–1918 (in German). Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. pp. 10–14. ISBN 3-5253-3340-4. OCLC 873428. OL 23130743M.; Krieger 1973; Grew & Bien 1978, pp. 312–345; Kocka, Jürgen; Mitchell, Allan (1993). Bourgeois Society in Nineteenth Century Europe. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8549-6414-7. OL 8300088M.; Kocka, Jürgen (January 1988). "German History before Hitler: The Debate about the German Sonderweg". Journal of Contemporary History. 23 (1): 3–16. doi:10.1177/002200948802300101. JSTOR 260865. S2CID 159651458.; Berghahn, Volker (1982). Modern Germany: Society, Economy and Politics in the Twentieth Century. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-5213-4748-8. OL 2382839M. Krieger, Leonard (1973) [1957]. The German Idea of Freedom. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-2264-5347-7. OL 4125447W. Grew, Raymond; Bien, David D. (1978). Crises of Political Development in Europe and the United States. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-6910-7598-0. OL 4740623M.
Taylor, A. J. P. (1980) [1954]. The Struggle for Mastery in Europe 1848–1918. Oxford: Clarendon. p. 37. ISBN 978-0-1988-1270-8. OL 7402365M.
Zamoyski 2007, pp. 100–115. Zamoyski, Adam (2007). Rites of Peace: The Fall of Napoleon and the Congress of Vienna. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-0607-7518-6. OL 7281494M.
Holt & Chilton 1917, p. 27. Holt, Lucious Hudson; Chilton, Alexander Wheeler (1917). The History of Europe from 1862–1914: From the Accession of Bismarck to the Outbreak of the Great War. New York: MacMillan. OCLC 1115959. OL 6604098M.
Holt & Chilton 1917, pp. 13–14. Holt, Lucious Hudson; Chilton, Alexander Wheeler (1917). The History of Europe from 1862–1914: From the Accession of Bismarck to the Outbreak of the Great War. New York: MacMillan. OCLC 1115959. OL 6604098M.
Hollyday, Frederic B. M. (1970). Bismarck. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall. pp. 16–18. ISBN 978-0-1307-7362-3. OL 4576160M.
Mann 1971, pp. 316–395, Chapter 6. Mann, Golo (1971) [1958]. Deutsche Geschichte des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts (in German). S. Fischer. ISBN 3-1034-7901-8. OL 15250052M.
Hull, Isabel V. (2005). Absolute Destruction: Military Culture and the Practices of War in Imperial Germany (New ed.). Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press. pp. 90–108, 324–333. ISBN 978-0-8014-7293-0. OL 7848816M.
Howard 1968, p. 40. Howard, Michael Eliot (1968). The Franco-Prussian War: The German invasion of France, 1870–1871. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4150-2787-8. OL 7481175M.
Mann 1971, pp. 390–395. Mann, Golo (1971) [1958]. Deutsche Geschichte des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts (in German). S. Fischer. ISBN 3-1034-7901-8. OL 15250052M.
Taylor 1988, Chapter 1 and Conclusion. Taylor, A. J. P. (1988). Bismarck: The Man and the Statesman. Oxford: Clarendon. ISBN 978-0-3947-0387-9. OL 7461954M.
Howard 1968, pp. 40–57. Howard, Michael Eliot (1968). The Franco-Prussian War: The German invasion of France, 1870–1871. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4150-2787-8. OL 7481175M.
Sheehan 1989, pp. 900–904; Wawro 1996, pp. 4–32; Holt & Chilton 1917, p. 75 Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M. Wawro, Geoffrey (1996). The Austro-Prussian War. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-6059-4. OL 813265M.
- — (2003). The Franco-Prussian War: The German Conquest of France. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-8436-1. OCLC 51305920. OL 3566186M.) Holt, Lucious Hudson; Chilton, Alexander Wheeler (1917). The History of Europe from 1862–1914: From the Accession of Bismarck to the Outbreak of the Great War. New York: MacMillan. OCLC 1115959. OL 6604098M.
- Holt & Chilton 1917, p. 75. Holt, Lucious Hudson; Chilton, Alexander Wheeler (1917). The History of Europe from 1862–1914: From the Accession of Bismarck to the Outbreak of the Great War. New York: MacMillan. OCLC 1115959. OL 6604098M.
- Sheehan 1989, p. 96; Wawro 1996, pp. 82–84. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M. Wawro, Geoffrey (1996). The Austro-Prussian War. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-6059-4. OL 813265M.
  - — (2003). The Franco-Prussian War: The German Conquest of France. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-8436-1. OCLC 51305920. OL 3566186M.)
  - Sheehan 1989, pp. 905–906. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
  - Sheehan 1989, p. 909. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
  - Wawro 1996, pp. 50–60, 75–79. Wawro, Geoffrey (1996). The Austro-Prussian War. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-6059-4. OL 813265M.
    - — (2003). The Franco-Prussian War: The German Conquest of France. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-8436-1. OCLC 51305920. OL 3566186M.)
    - Wawro 1996, pp. 57–75. Wawro, Geoffrey (1996). The Austro-Prussian War. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-6059-4. OL 813265M.
      - — (2003). The Franco-Prussian War: The German Conquest of France. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-8436-1. OCLC 51305920. OL 3566186M.)
      - Taylor 1988, pp. 87–88. Taylor, A. J. P. (1988). Bismarck: The Man and the Statesman. Oxford: Clarendon. ISBN 978-0-3947-0387-9. OL 7461954M.
      - Sheehan 1989, pp. 908–909. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
      - Sheehan 1989, p. 910. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
      - Schjerve, Rosita Rindler (2003). Diglossia and Power: Language Policies and Practice in the Nineteenth Century Habsburg Empire. Berlin: De Gruyter. pp. 199–200. ISBN 978-3-1101-7654-4. OL 9017475M.
      - Sheehan 1989, pp. 909–910; Wawro 1996, Chapter 11. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M. Wawro, Geoffrey (1996). The Austro-Prussian War. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-6059-4. OL 813265M.
        — (2003). The Franco-Prussian War: The German Conquest of France. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-8436-1. OCLC 51305920. OL 3566186M.)
        Sheehan 1989, pp. 905–910. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
        Bridge, Roy; Bullen, Roger (2004). The Great Powers and the European States System 1814–1914 (2nd ed.). Longman. ISBN 978-0-5827-8458-1. OL 7882098M.^{[page needed]}
        Howard 1968, pp. 4–60. Howard, Michael Eliot (1968). The Franco-Prussian War: The German invasion of France, 1870–1871. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4150-2787-8. OL 7481175M.
        Howard 1968, pp. 50–57. Howard, Michael Eliot (1968). The Franco-Prussian War: The German invasion of France, 1870–1871. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4150-2787-8. OL 7481175M.
        Howard 1968, pp. 55–56. Howard, Michael Eliot (1968). The Franco-Prussian War: The German invasion of France, 1870–1871. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4150-2787-8. OL 7481175M.
        Howard 1968, pp. 56–57. Howard, Michael Eliot (1968). The Franco-Prussian War: The German invasion of France, 1870–1871. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4150-2787-8. OL 7481175M.
        Howard 1968, pp. 55–59. Howard, Michael Eliot (1968). The Franco-Prussian War: The German invasion of France, 1870–1871. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4150-2787-8. OL 7481175M.
        Howard 1968, pp. 64–68. Howard, Michael Eliot (1968). The Franco-Prussian War: The German invasion of France, 1870–1871. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4150-2787-8. OL 7481175M.
        Howard 1968, pp. 218–222. Howard, Michael Eliot (1968). The Franco-Prussian War: The German invasion of France, 1870–1871. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4150-2787-8. OL 7481175M.
        Howard 1968, pp. 222–230. Howard, Michael Eliot (1968). The Franco-Prussian War: The German invasion of France, 1870–1871. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4150-2787-8. OL 7481175M.
        Taylor 1988, p. 126. Taylor, A. J. P. (1988). Bismarck: The Man and the Statesman. Oxford: Clarendon. ISBN 978-0-3947-0387-9. OL 7461954M.
        Howard 1968, pp. 357–370. Howard, Michael Eliot (1968). The Franco-Prussian War: The German invasion of France, 1870–1871. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4150-2787-8. OL 7481175M.
        Taylor 1988, p. 133. Taylor, A. J. P. (1988). Bismarck: The Man and the Statesman. Oxford: Clarendon. ISBN 978-0-3947-0387-9. OL 7461954M.
        Crankshaw, Edward (1981). Bismarck. New York: The Viking Press. p. 299. ISBN 0-3333-4038-8. OL 28022489M.
        Howard 1968, pp. 432–456, Chapter XI: the Peace. Howard, Michael Eliot (1968). The Franco-Prussian War: The German invasion of France, 1870–1871. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4150-2787-8. OL 7481175M.
        Confino 1997. Confino, Alon (1997). The Nation as a Local Metaphor: Württemberg, Imperial Germany, and National Memory, 1871–1918. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-8078-4665-0. OL 1011446M.
        Blackbourn & Eley 1984; Blickle 2004; Scribner & Ogilvie 1996.^{[page needed]} Blackbourn, David; Eley, Geoff (1984). The Peculiarities of German History: Bourgeois Society and Politics in Nineteenth-Century Germany. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1987-3057-6. Blickle, Peter (2004). Heimat: A Critical Theory of the German Idea of Homeland. Studies in German literature, linguistics and culture (New ed.). Columbia, South Carolina: Camden House Press. ISBN 978-1-5711-3303-8. OL 8730421M. Scribner, Robert W.; Ogilvie, Sheilagh C., eds. (1996). Germany: A New Social and Economic History. London: Arnold Publication. ISBN 978-0-3405-1332-3.
        See, e.g.: Eley, Geoff (1980). Reshaping the German Right: Radical Nationalism and Political Change After Bismarck. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-3000-2386-3. OCLC 5353122. OL 4416729M.; Evans 2005; Evans, Richard J. (1978). Society and politics in Wilhelmine Germany. London and New York: Barnes & Noble. ISBN 0-06-492036-4. OCLC 3934998. OL 21299242M.; Nipperdey 1996; Sperber 1984.^{[page needed]} Nipperdey, Thomas (1996). Germany from Napoleon to Bismarck, 1800–1866. Translated by Nolan, Daniel. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6916-3611-5. OL 1273142M. Sperber, Jonathan (1984). Popular Catholicism in Nineteenth-Century Germany. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6910-5432-2. OCLC 10559169. OL 2867289M.
        — (1993). Rhineland Radicals: The Democratic Movement and the Revolution of 1848–1849. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6910-0866-0.
        See, e.g.: Llobera & Goldsmiths' College 1996; (in German) Alexandre Escudier, Brigitte Sauzay, and Rudolf von Thadden. Gedenken im Zwiespalt: Konfliktlinien europäischen Erinnerns, Genshagener Gespräche; vol. 4. Göttingen: 2001 Llobera, Josep R.; Goldsmiths' College (1996). The role of historical memory in (ethno)nation-building. Goldsmiths Sociology Papers. London: Goldsmiths College. ISBN 978-0-9029-8606-0. OL 17517779M.
        Sperber 1984. Sperber, Jonathan (1984). Popular Catholicism in Nineteenth-Century Germany. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6910-5432-2. OCLC 10559169. OL 2867289M.
        — (1993). Rhineland Radicals: The Democratic Movement and the Revolution of 1848–1849. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6910-0866-0.
        Kaplan 1991. Kaplan, Marion (1991). The Making of the Jewish Middle Class: Women, Family, and Identity in Imperial Germany. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1950-9396-4. OL 7387583M.
        Kaplan 1991, in particular, pp. 4–7 and Conclusion. Kaplan, Marion (1991). The Making of the Jewish Middle Class: Women, Family, and Identity in Imperial Germany. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1950-9396-4. OL 7387583M.
        Friedrich, Karin (2000). The Other Prussia: Royal Prussia, Poland and Liberty, 1569–1772. New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-5210-2775-5. OL 7714437M.
        See, e.g.: Koshar, Rudy (1998). Germany's Transient Pasts: Preservation and the National Memory in the Twentieth Century. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-8078-4701-5. OCLC 45729918. OL 689805M.; Kohn, Hans (1954). German History; Some New German Views. Boston: Beacon. OCLC 987529. OL 24208090M.; Nipperdey 1996. Nipperdey, Thomas (1996). Germany from Napoleon to Bismarck, 1800–1866. Translated by Nolan, Daniel. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6916-3611-5. OL 1273142M.
        Llobera & Goldsmiths' College 1996. Llobera, Josep R.; Goldsmiths' College (1996). The role of historical memory in (ethno)nation-building. Goldsmiths Sociology Papers. London: Goldsmiths College. ISBN 978-0-9029-8606-0. OL 17517779M.

ox.ac.uk (Global: 541^st place; English: 356^th place)

nuff.ox.ac.uk

Ploeckl, Florian (August 2010). "The Zollverein and the Formation of a Customs Union" (PDF). Economic and Social History Series, Nuffield College, Oxford, Nuffield College (Discussion Paper 84): 23.

pitt.edu (Global: 1,616^th place; English: 1,079^th place)

"The Brothers Grimm online". Grimm Brothers' Home Page. Retrieved April 27, 2023.

princeton.edu (Global: 802^nd place; English: 528^th place)

press.princeton.edu

Blackbourn & Eley 1984, Part 1; Nipperdey 1996, Chapter 1.^{[page needed]} Blackbourn, David; Eley, Geoff (1984). The Peculiarities of German History: Bourgeois Society and Politics in Nineteenth-Century Germany. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1987-3057-6. Nipperdey, Thomas (1996). Germany from Napoleon to Bismarck, 1800–1866. Translated by Nolan, Daniel. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6916-3611-5. OL 1273142M.
Nipperdey 1996, pp. 1–3. Nipperdey, Thomas (1996). Germany from Napoleon to Bismarck, 1800–1866. Translated by Nolan, Daniel. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6916-3611-5. OL 1273142M.
See, e.g.: Eley, Geoff (1980). Reshaping the German Right: Radical Nationalism and Political Change After Bismarck. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-3000-2386-3. OCLC 5353122. OL 4416729M.; Evans 2005; Evans, Richard J. (1978). Society and politics in Wilhelmine Germany. London and New York: Barnes & Noble. ISBN 0-06-492036-4. OCLC 3934998. OL 21299242M.; Nipperdey 1996; Sperber 1984.^{[page needed]} Nipperdey, Thomas (1996). Germany from Napoleon to Bismarck, 1800–1866. Translated by Nolan, Daniel. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6916-3611-5. OL 1273142M. Sperber, Jonathan (1984). Popular Catholicism in Nineteenth-Century Germany. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6910-5432-2. OCLC 10559169. OL 2867289M.
- — (1993). Rhineland Radicals: The Democratic Movement and the Revolution of 1848–1849. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6910-0866-0.
- See, e.g.: Koshar, Rudy (1998). Germany's Transient Pasts: Preservation and the National Memory in the Twentieth Century. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-8078-4701-5. OCLC 45729918. OL 689805M.; Kohn, Hans (1954). German History; Some New German Views. Boston: Beacon. OCLC 987529. OL 24208090M.; Nipperdey 1996. Nipperdey, Thomas (1996). Germany from Napoleon to Bismarck, 1800–1866. Translated by Nolan, Daniel. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6916-3611-5. OL 1273142M.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; English: 8^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

See, e.g.: Ralf Dahrendorf, German History^{[not specific enough to verify]}, (1968), pp. 25–32; Wehler, Hans-Ulrich (1973). Das Deutsche Kaiserreich, 1871–1918 (in German). Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. pp. 10–14. ISBN 3-5253-3340-4. OCLC 873428. OL 23130743M.; Krieger 1973; Grew & Bien 1978, pp. 312–345; Kocka, Jürgen; Mitchell, Allan (1993). Bourgeois Society in Nineteenth Century Europe. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8549-6414-7. OL 8300088M.; Kocka, Jürgen (January 1988). "German History before Hitler: The Debate about the German Sonderweg". Journal of Contemporary History. 23 (1): 3–16. doi:10.1177/002200948802300101. JSTOR 260865. S2CID 159651458.; Berghahn, Volker (1982). Modern Germany: Society, Economy and Politics in the Twentieth Century. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-5213-4748-8. OL 2382839M. Krieger, Leonard (1973) [1957]. The German Idea of Freedom. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-2264-5347-7. OL 4125447W. Grew, Raymond; Bien, David D. (1978). Crises of Political Development in Europe and the United States. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-6910-7598-0. OL 4740623M.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; English: 1^st place)

Heather, Peter. "Germany: Ancient History". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Archived from the original on March 31, 2019. Retrieved November 21, 2020. Within the boundaries of present-day Germany... Germanic peoples such as the eastern Franks, Frisians, Saxons, Thuringians, Alemanni, and Bavarians—all speaking West Germanic dialects—had merged Germanic and borrowed Roman cultural features. It was among these groups that a German language and ethnic identity would gradually develop during the Middle Ages.

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; English: 4^th place)

search.worldcat.org

See, for example: Vann, James Allen (1975). The Swabian Kreis: Institutional Growth in the Holy Roman Empire 1648–1715. Studies Presented to International Commission for the History of Representative and Parliamentary Institutions. Vol. LII. Bruxelles: Editions de la librairie encyclopédique. OCLC 2276157. OL 4590654M.; Walker, Mack (1998). German Home Towns: Community, State, and General Estate, 1648–1871. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-8508-4. OL 466977M.^{[page needed]}
Gagliardo, John G. (1980). Reich and Nation. The Holy Roman Empire as Idea and Reality, 1763–1806. Indiana University Press. pp. 278–279. ISBN 0-2531-6773-6. OCLC 5563434. OL 22078286M.
Walter, Jakob (1996). Raeff, Marc (ed.). The diary of a Napoleonic foot soldier. Windrush Press. ISBN 0-9000-7537-6. OCLC 59977347. OL 20208714M.^{[page needed]}
Sheehan 1989, pp. 398–410; Scott, Hamish M. (2006). The Birth of a Great Power System. London & New York: Longman. pp. 329–361. ISBN 978-0-5822-1717-1. OCLC 889270087. OL 3311839M.. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
Berenger, Jean (1997) [1990]. A History of the Habsburg Empire 1700–1918. Translated by Simpson, C.A. New York: Longman. pp. 96–97. ISBN 978-0-5820-9007-1. OCLC 891447020. OL 7879682M..
Namier, Lewis (1952). Avenues of History. New York: Macmillan. p. 34. OCLC 422057575. OL 6114891M.
See, e.g.: Ralf Dahrendorf, German History^{[not specific enough to verify]}, (1968), pp. 25–32; Wehler, Hans-Ulrich (1973). Das Deutsche Kaiserreich, 1871–1918 (in German). Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. pp. 10–14. ISBN 3-5253-3340-4. OCLC 873428. OL 23130743M.; Krieger 1973; Grew & Bien 1978, pp. 312–345; Kocka, Jürgen; Mitchell, Allan (1993). Bourgeois Society in Nineteenth Century Europe. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8549-6414-7. OL 8300088M.; Kocka, Jürgen (January 1988). "German History before Hitler: The Debate about the German Sonderweg". Journal of Contemporary History. 23 (1): 3–16. doi:10.1177/002200948802300101. JSTOR 260865. S2CID 159651458.; Berghahn, Volker (1982). Modern Germany: Society, Economy and Politics in the Twentieth Century. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-5213-4748-8. OL 2382839M. Krieger, Leonard (1973) [1957]. The German Idea of Freedom. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-2264-5347-7. OL 4125447W. Grew, Raymond; Bien, David D. (1978). Crises of Political Development in Europe and the United States. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-6910-7598-0. OL 4740623M.
Holt & Chilton 1917, p. 27. Holt, Lucious Hudson; Chilton, Alexander Wheeler (1917). The History of Europe from 1862–1914: From the Accession of Bismarck to the Outbreak of the Great War. New York: MacMillan. OCLC 1115959. OL 6604098M.
Holt & Chilton 1917, pp. 13–14. Holt, Lucious Hudson; Chilton, Alexander Wheeler (1917). The History of Europe from 1862–1914: From the Accession of Bismarck to the Outbreak of the Great War. New York: MacMillan. OCLC 1115959. OL 6604098M.
Sheehan 1989, pp. 900–904; Wawro 1996, pp. 4–32; Holt & Chilton 1917, p. 75 Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M. Wawro, Geoffrey (1996). The Austro-Prussian War. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-6059-4. OL 813265M.
- — (2003). The Franco-Prussian War: The German Conquest of France. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-8436-1. OCLC 51305920. OL 3566186M.) Holt, Lucious Hudson; Chilton, Alexander Wheeler (1917). The History of Europe from 1862–1914: From the Accession of Bismarck to the Outbreak of the Great War. New York: MacMillan. OCLC 1115959. OL 6604098M.
- Holt & Chilton 1917, p. 75. Holt, Lucious Hudson; Chilton, Alexander Wheeler (1917). The History of Europe from 1862–1914: From the Accession of Bismarck to the Outbreak of the Great War. New York: MacMillan. OCLC 1115959. OL 6604098M.
- Sheehan 1989, p. 96; Wawro 1996, pp. 82–84. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M. Wawro, Geoffrey (1996). The Austro-Prussian War. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-6059-4. OL 813265M.
  - — (2003). The Franco-Prussian War: The German Conquest of France. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-8436-1. OCLC 51305920. OL 3566186M.)
  - Wawro 1996, pp. 50–60, 75–79. Wawro, Geoffrey (1996). The Austro-Prussian War. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-6059-4. OL 813265M.
    - — (2003). The Franco-Prussian War: The German Conquest of France. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-8436-1. OCLC 51305920. OL 3566186M.)
    - Wawro 1996, pp. 57–75. Wawro, Geoffrey (1996). The Austro-Prussian War. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-6059-4. OL 813265M.
      - — (2003). The Franco-Prussian War: The German Conquest of France. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-8436-1. OCLC 51305920. OL 3566186M.)
      - Sheehan 1989, pp. 909–910; Wawro 1996, Chapter 11. Sheehan, James J. (1989). German History 1770–1866. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M. Wawro, Geoffrey (1996). The Austro-Prussian War. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-6059-4. OL 813265M.
        — (2003). The Franco-Prussian War: The German Conquest of France. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-8436-1. OCLC 51305920. OL 3566186M.)
        See, e.g.: Eley, Geoff (1980). Reshaping the German Right: Radical Nationalism and Political Change After Bismarck. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-3000-2386-3. OCLC 5353122. OL 4416729M.; Evans 2005; Evans, Richard J. (1978). Society and politics in Wilhelmine Germany. London and New York: Barnes & Noble. ISBN 0-06-492036-4. OCLC 3934998. OL 21299242M.; Nipperdey 1996; Sperber 1984.^{[page needed]} Nipperdey, Thomas (1996). Germany from Napoleon to Bismarck, 1800–1866. Translated by Nolan, Daniel. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6916-3611-5. OL 1273142M. Sperber, Jonathan (1984). Popular Catholicism in Nineteenth-Century Germany. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6910-5432-2. OCLC 10559169. OL 2867289M.
        — (1993). Rhineland Radicals: The Democratic Movement and the Revolution of 1848–1849. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6910-0866-0.
        Sperber 1984. Sperber, Jonathan (1984). Popular Catholicism in Nineteenth-Century Germany. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6910-5432-2. OCLC 10559169. OL 2867289M.
        — (1993). Rhineland Radicals: The Democratic Movement and the Revolution of 1848–1849. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6910-0866-0.
        See, e.g.: Koshar, Rudy (1998). Germany's Transient Pasts: Preservation and the National Memory in the Twentieth Century. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-8078-4701-5. OCLC 45729918. OL 689805M.; Kohn, Hans (1954). German History; Some New German Views. Boston: Beacon. OCLC 987529. OL 24208090M.; Nipperdey 1996. Nipperdey, Thomas (1996). Germany from Napoleon to Bismarck, 1800–1866. Translated by Nolan, Daniel. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6916-3611-5. OL 1273142M.

zum.de (Global: 9,529^th place; English: low place)

(in German) Badische Heimat/Landeskunde online 2006 Veit's Pauls Church Germania. Retrieved 5 June 2009.

Unification of Germany (English Wikipedia)

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books.google.com (Global: 3rd place; English: 3rd place)

britannica.com (Global: 37th place; English: 64th place)

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