United States dollar (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "United States dollar" in English language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank English rank

74web.archive.org

1^st place

9cornell.edu

332^nd place

246^th place

8federalreserve.gov

2,493^rd place

1,714^th place

4books.google.com

3^rd place

3loc.gov

70^th place

63^rd place

3doi.org

2^nd place

3cnn.com

28^th place

26^th place

3treasury.gov

1,996^th place

1,728^th place

2rba.gov.au

low place

6,621^st place

2investopedia.com

1,135^th place

859^th place

2reuters.com

49^th place

47^th place

2worldcat.org

5^th place

2jstor.org

26^th place

20^th place

2coinworld.com

low place

9,162^nd place

2cia.gov

89^th place

147^th place

2bloomberg.com

99^th place

77^th place

2thebalance.com

8,704^th place

5,754^th place

2brookings.edu

1,634^th place

1,093^rd place

2bls.gov

1,863^rd place

1,311^th place

2cbr.ru

3,703^rd place

low place

1nesara.org

low place

1mises.org

3,237^th place

2,989^th place

1federalreservehistory.org

low place

1gao.gov

2,954^th place

1,848^th place

1whyy.org

low place

6,615^th place

1pastandpresent.com

low place

1almanac.com

low place

6,940^th place

1lakdiva.org

low place

1nd.edu

2,387^th place

1,479^th place

1etymonline.com

287^th place

321^st place

1littletoncoin.com

low place

1businessinsider.com.au

4,389^th place

2,638^th place

1marketwatch.com

1,303^rd place

808^th place

1businesstoday.in

1,332^nd place

708^th place

1archive.org

6^th place

1bep.gov

low place

1usmint.gov

5,207^th place

3,580^th place

1ecominoes.com

low place

1oanda.com

low place

1mentalfloss.com

1,139^th place

709^th place

1nbcnews.com

137^th place

101^st place

1numista.com

7,196^th place

5,435^th place

1uscurrency.gov

low place

1bancocentral.tl

low place

1cbl.org.lr

low place

1princeton.edu

741^st place

577^th place

1org.kh

low place

1nikkei.com

211^th place

915^th place

1laprensa.hn

5,503^rd place

7,942^nd place

1apnews.com

129^th place

89^th place

1stlouisfed.org

3,855^th place

2,506^th place

1nationalinterest.org

1,953^rd place

1,522^nd place

1cambridge.org

305^th place

264^th place

1semanticscholar.org

11^th place

8^th place

1swift.com

low place

1measuringworth.com

2,465^th place

1,383^rd place

1minneapolisfed.org

1,535^th place

822^nd place

1dallasfed.org

low place

1frbsf.org

low place

1hbs.edu

4,520^th place

2,790^th place

1uncg.edu

low place

6,852^nd place

1umn.edu

1,266^th place

860^th place

1upenn.edu

702^nd place

520^th place

1x-rates.com

low place

1oecd.org

960^th place

854^th place

1transfermate.com

low place

1forecast-chart.com

low place

almanac.com

"How much is "two bits" and where did the phrase". Archived from the original on August 14, 2021. Retrieved June 9, 2021.

apnews.com

"Lebanon leans on US dollar to cope as currency, economy tank". Associated Press. March 6, 2023. Retrieved November 1, 2024.

archive.org

Nussbaum, Arthur (1957). A History of the Dollar. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 56. The dollar sign, $, is connected with the peso, contrary to popular belief, which considers it to be an abbreviation of 'U.S.' The two parallel lines represented one of the many abbreviations of 'P,' and the 'S' indicated the plural. The abbreviation '$.' was also used for the peso, and is still used in Argentina.

bancocentral.tl

"Central Bank of Timor-Leste". Archived from the original on May 1, 2019. Retrieved March 22, 2017. The official currency of Timor-Leste is the United States dollar, which is legal tender for all payments made in cash.

bep.gov

"U.S. Bureau of Engraving and Printing – FAQs". www.bep.gov. Archived from the original on October 18, 2018. Retrieved October 17, 2018.

bloomberg.com

Zerpa, Fabiola (November 5, 2019). "Venezuela Is Now More Than 50% Dollarized, Study Finds". Bloomberg. Retrieved November 9, 2019.
Mohsin, Saleha (January 21, 2021). "The Strong Dollar". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on August 22, 2021. Retrieved August 23, 2021.

bls.gov

"Consumer Price Index Frequently Asked Questions". Archived from the original on October 18, 2018. Retrieved October 16, 2018.
"Consumer Price Index Frequently Asked Questions". Archived from the original on October 18, 2018. Retrieved October 17, 2018.

books.google.com

Cajori, Florian ([1929]1993). A History of Mathematical Notations (Vol. 2). New York: Dover, 15–29. ISBN 0-486-67766-4
James, James Alton (1970) [1937]. Oliver Pollock: The Life and Times of an Unknown Patriot. Freeport: Books for Libraries Press. p. 356. ISBN 978-0-8369-5527-9.
"Treasury Department Appropriation Bill for 1929: Hearing Before the Subcommittee of House Committee on Appropriations... Seventieth Congress, First Session". 1928.
Schwarz, John; Lindquist, Scott (September 21, 2009). Standard Guide to Small-Size U.S. Paper Money – 1928-Date. Penguin. ISBN 9781440225789.

brookings.edu

Bernanke, Ben S. (January 7, 2016). "The dollar's international role: An "exorbitant privilege"?". Archived from the original on June 8, 2021.
Nora Lustig (June 1, 1995). "The Mexican Peso Crisis: The Foreseeable and the Surprise". Brookings Institution. Retrieved September 24, 2024.

businessinsider.com.au

Scutt, David (June 3, 2019). "The Australian dollar is grinding higher as expectations for rate cuts from the US Federal Reserve build". Business Insider. Archived from the original on August 7, 2019. Retrieved August 7, 2019.

businesstoday.in

"Why rupee is once again under pressure". Business Today. April 22, 2019. Retrieved August 7, 2019.

cambridge.org

Eichengreen, Barry; Flandreau, Marc (2009). "The rise and fall of the dollar (or when did the dollar replace sterling as the leading reserve currency?)". European Review of Economic History. 13 (3): 377–411. doi:10.1017/S1361491609990153. ISSN 1474-0044. S2CID 154773110. Archived from the original on January 7, 2023. Retrieved April 16, 2021.

cbl.org.lr

"Currency". Central Bank of Liberia. Archived from the original on January 15, 2023. Retrieved January 15, 2023.

cbr.ru

Soviet ruble until 1991 | "Archive". Central Bank of Russia. Archived from the original on February 3, 2013. Retrieved September 11, 2012.
Russian ruble 1992 onwards | USD exchange rates in RUB Archived 11 June 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Bank of Russia

cia.gov

"Ecuador". CIA World Factbook. October 18, 2010. Archived from the original on January 10, 2021. Retrieved October 17, 2018. The dollar is legal tender
"El Salvador". CIA World Factbook. October 21, 2010. Archived from the original on May 7, 2021. Retrieved October 17, 2018. The US dollar became El Salvador's currency in 2001

cnn.com

money.cnn.com

Anderson, Gordon T. April 25, 2005. "Congress tries again for a dollar coin Archived March 21, 2022, at the Wayback Machine." CNN Money.
Christian Zappone (July 18, 2006). "Kill-the-penny bill introduced". CNN Money. Archived from the original on July 28, 2019. Retrieved October 17, 2018.

edition.cnn.com

Meyersohn, Nathaniel (September 20, 2022). "Why it's time to start paying with $2 bills". CNN. Retrieved February 6, 2024.

coinworld.com

Gibbs, William T. (June 29, 2023). "Series 2021 dollar notes now being found in circulation". Coin World. Retrieved April 26, 2024.
Orzano, Michele (February 25, 2015). "What is a horse blanket note?". Coin World. Archived from the original on November 29, 2021.

cornell.edu

law.cornell.edu

U.S. Constitution, Article 1, Section 8. para. 5 Archived November 18, 2021, at the Wayback Machine.
Denominations, specifications, and design of coins. 31 U.S.C. § 5112.
U.S. Constitution, Article 1, Section 9. para. 7 Archived November 18, 2021, at the Wayback Machine.
Reports. 31 U.S.C. § 331.
"Engraving and printing currency and security documents:Article b". Legal Information Institute. Archived from the original on December 20, 2013. Retrieved December 19, 2013.
"Paragraph 2 of Section 8 of Article 1 of the United States Constitution". Topics.law.cornell.edu. Archived from the original on November 18, 2021. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
"Section 411 of Title 12 of the United States Code". Law.cornell.edu. June 22, 2010. Archived from the original on June 27, 2019. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
"Section 5103 of Title 31 of the United States Code". Law.cornell.edu. August 6, 2010. Archived from the original on October 22, 2018. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
"Section 5115 of Title 31 of the United States Code". Law.cornell.edu. August 6, 2010. Archived from the original on June 27, 2019. Retrieved October 17, 2018.

dallasfed.org

Emery, Kenneth M. "Controlling Inflation: A Historical Perspective" (PDF). Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 7, 2010. Retrieved July 17, 2010.

doi.org

Aiton, Arthur S.; Wheeler, Benjamin W. (1931). "The First American Mint". The Hispanic American Historical Review. 11 (2). p. 198 and note 2 on p. 198. doi:10.1215/00182168-11.2.198. ISSN 0018-2168. JSTOR 2506275.
Sumner, W. G. (1898). "The Spanish Dollar and the Colonial Shilling". The American Historical Review. 3 (4): 607–619. doi:10.2307/1834139. JSTOR 1834139. Archived from the original on April 9, 2022. Retrieved June 7, 2021.
Eichengreen, Barry; Flandreau, Marc (2009). "The rise and fall of the dollar (or when did the dollar replace sterling as the leading reserve currency?)". European Review of Economic History. 13 (3): 377–411. doi:10.1017/S1361491609990153. ISSN 1474-0044. S2CID 154773110. Archived from the original on January 7, 2023. Retrieved April 16, 2021.

ecominoes.com

Mason, Seth (January 7, 2013). "The Definitive Inflation Chart". Ecominoes. Archived from the original on October 19, 2018..

etymonline.com

"Buck". Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved October 17, 2018.

federalreserve.gov

"The Implementation of Monetary Policy – The Federal Reserve in the International Sphere" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on April 27, 2017. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
"How much U.S. currency is in circulation?". Federal Reserve. Archived from the original on November 13, 2021. Retrieved February 27, 2021.
"Federal Reserve Balance Sheet: Factors Affecting Reserve Balances - H.4.1". January 2, 2025. Archived from the original on January 11, 2025.
"Federal Reserve Board – Purposes & Functions". Archived from the original on March 26, 2020. Retrieved June 11, 2021.
"Conducting Monetary Policy" (PDF). United States Federal Reserve. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 11, 2021. Retrieved August 23, 2021.
Ferguson, Roger W. Jr. (November 3, 2005). "Monetary Credibility, Inflation, and Economic Growth". FRB. Archived from the original on August 15, 2010. Retrieved July 17, 2010.
U.S. Federal Reserve: Last 4 years Archived October 18, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, 2009–2012 Archived October 18, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, 2005–2008 Archived October 18, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, 2001–2004 Archived October 18, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, 1997–2000 Archived October 18, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, 1993–1996 Archived October 18, 2018, at the Wayback Machine; Reserve Bank of Australia: 1970–present Archived October 23, 2018, at the Wayback Machine
"FRB: Foreign Exchange Rates – G.5A; Release Dates". Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Archived from the original on August 3, 2014. Retrieved July 23, 2014.

federalreservehistory.org

"Nixon Ends Convertibility of US Dollars to Gold and Announces Wage/Price Controls". Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond. Archived from the original on November 20, 2020. Retrieved October 17, 2018.

forecast-chart.com

"Exchange Rates Between the United States Dollar and the Swiss Franc Archived March 30, 2019, at the Wayback Machine." Measuring Worth. Retrieved October 17, 2018.

frbsf.org

"What are the goals of U.S. monetary policy?". Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco. February 6, 2004. Archived from the original on October 18, 2018. Retrieved October 17, 2018.

gao.gov

"Financial Report of the United States Government" (PDF). Department of the Treasury. 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 13, 2018. Retrieved October 17, 2018.

hbs.edu

Rafael M. Di Tella and Ingrid Vogel (December 2001). "Argentina's Convertibility Plan". Harvard Business School. Retrieved September 24, 2024.

investopedia.com

"Decimal Trading Definition and History". Archived from the original on November 18, 2021. Retrieved June 10, 2021.
"Dollar Bond". Archived from the original on June 8, 2021. Retrieved June 8, 2021.

jstor.org

Aiton, Arthur S.; Wheeler, Benjamin W. (1931). "The First American Mint". The Hispanic American Historical Review. 11 (2). p. 198 and note 2 on p. 198. doi:10.1215/00182168-11.2.198. ISSN 0018-2168. JSTOR 2506275.
Sumner, W. G. (1898). "The Spanish Dollar and the Colonial Shilling". The American Historical Review. 3 (4): 607–619. doi:10.2307/1834139. JSTOR 1834139. Archived from the original on April 9, 2022. Retrieved June 7, 2021.

lakdiva.org

coins.lakdiva.org

There is no solid reference on the desirability of liondollars in North America and on 1:1 parity with heavier dollars. A dollar worth $0.80 Spanish is not cheap if priced at $0.50 http://coins.lakdiva.org/netherlands/1644_wes_lion_daalder_ag.html Archived February 5, 2013, at the Wayback Machine https://coins.nd.edu/ColCoin/ColCoinIntros/Lion-Dollar.intro.html Archived July 10, 2018, at the Wayback Machine

laprensa.hn

Rivera, Juan Carlos (November 23, 2023). "Roatán prefiere cobrar en dólares o lempiras; no bitcóin" [Roatán prefers to charge in dollars or lempiras; not bitcoin]. laprensa.hn (in Spanish). La Prensa. Retrieved July 12, 2024.

littletoncoin.com

"Paper Money Glossary". Littleton Coin Company. Archived from the original on October 18, 2018. Retrieved October 17, 2018.

loc.gov

memory.loc.gov

Fitzpatrick, John C., ed. (1934). "Tuesday, August 8, 1786". Journals of the Continental Congress 1774–1789. XXXI: 1786: 503–505. Archived from the original on May 7, 2021. Retrieved December 5, 2019.
Peters, Richard, ed. (1845). "Second Congress. Sess. I. Ch. 16". The Public Statutes at Large of the United States of America, Etc. Etc. 1: 246–251. Archived from the original on November 13, 2020. Retrieved December 5, 2019.
"Section 9 of the Coinage Act of 1792". American Memory - Library of Congress. Archived from the original on July 29, 2020. Retrieved August 24, 2010.

marketwatch.com

Tappe, Anneken (August 9, 2018). "New Zealand dollar leads G-10 losers as greenback gains strength". MarketWatch. Archived from the original on August 7, 2019. Retrieved August 7, 2019.

measuringworth.com

"Measuring Worth – Purchasing Power of Money in the United States from 1774 to 2010". Archived from the original on June 16, 2023. Retrieved April 22, 2010.

mentalfloss.com

Matt Soniak (July 22, 2011). "On the Money: Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Coin Portraits". Mental Floss. Retrieved October 17, 2018.

minneapolisfed.org

Broaddus Jr., J. Alfred (September 1, 1993). "Central Banking—Then and Now". Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Archived from the original on October 26, 2018. Retrieved October 17, 2018.

mises.org

"A Constitutional Dollar". Mises.org. March 10, 2010.

nationalinterest.org

"'The Silver Way' Explains How the Old Mexican Dollar Changed the World". April 30, 2017. Archived from the original on May 16, 2021. Retrieved June 8, 2021.

nbcnews.com

firstread.nbcnews.com

Weinberg, Ali (February 19, 2013). "Penny pinching: Can Obama manage elimination of one-cent coin?". NBC News. Archived from the original on October 18, 2018. Retrieved October 17, 2018.

nd.edu

coins.nd.edu

There is no solid reference on the desirability of liondollars in North America and on 1:1 parity with heavier dollars. A dollar worth $0.80 Spanish is not cheap if priced at $0.50 http://coins.lakdiva.org/netherlands/1644_wes_lion_daalder_ag.html Archived February 5, 2013, at the Wayback Machine https://coins.nd.edu/ColCoin/ColCoinIntros/Lion-Dollar.intro.html Archived July 10, 2018, at the Wayback Machine

nesara.org

"Coinage Act of 1792" (PDF). United States Congress. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 7, 2004. Retrieved April 2, 2008.

nikkei.com

asia.nikkei.com

Nagumo, Jada (August 4, 2021). "Cambodia aims to wean off US dollar dependence with digital currency". Nikkei Asia. Archived from the original on April 15, 2022. Retrieved April 11, 2022. Cambodia runs a dual-currency system, with the U.S. dollar widely circulating in its economy. The country's dollarization began in the 1980s and 90s, following years of civil war and unrest.

numista.com

en.numista.com

"5 Dollars (Federal Reserve Note; colored) - United States". Archived from the original on June 7, 2023. Retrieved June 7, 2023.

oanda.com

"United States Dollar". OANDA. Archived from the original on October 18, 2018. Retrieved October 17, 2018.

oecd.org

data.oecd.org

"Exchange rates". OECD.

org.kh

nbc.org.kh

Nay Im, Tal; Dabadie, Michel (March 31, 2007). "Dollarization in Cambodia" (PDF). National Bank of Cambodia. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 11, 2022. Retrieved April 11, 2022.

pastandpresent.com

"Mills Currency". Past & Present. Stamp and Coin Place Blog. September 26, 2018. Archived from the original on May 3, 2021. Retrieved December 5, 2019.

princeton.edu

anthropology.princeton.edu

"How the US Dollar Became a Popular Currency in Argentina". Anthropology@Princeton. Retrieved May 13, 2024.

rba.gov.au

1970–1992 Archived October 23, 2018, at the Wayback Machine. 1980 derived from AUD–USD=1.1055 and AUD–GBP=0.4957 at end of Dec 1979: 0.4957/1.1055=0.448394392; 1985 derived from AUD–USD=0.8278 and AUD–GBP=0.7130 at end of Dec 1984: 0.7130/0.8278=0.861319159.
U.S. Federal Reserve: Last 4 years Archived October 18, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, 2009–2012 Archived October 18, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, 2005–2008 Archived October 18, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, 2001–2004 Archived October 18, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, 1997–2000 Archived October 18, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, 1993–1996 Archived October 18, 2018, at the Wayback Machine; Reserve Bank of Australia: 1970–present Archived October 23, 2018, at the Wayback Machine

reuters.com

"South Africa's rand firms against greenback, stocks rise". Reuters. Retrieved August 7, 2019.
"Maduro says 'thank God' for dollarization in Venezuela". Reuters. November 17, 2019. Retrieved November 18, 2019.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Eichengreen, Barry; Flandreau, Marc (2009). "The rise and fall of the dollar (or when did the dollar replace sterling as the leading reserve currency?)". European Review of Economic History. 13 (3): 377–411. doi:10.1017/S1361491609990153. ISSN 1474-0044. S2CID 154773110. Archived from the original on January 7, 2023. Retrieved April 16, 2021.

stlouisfed.org

fred.stlouisfed.org

"St. Louis Adjusted Monetary Base". Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. February 15, 1984. Archived from the original on October 17, 2018. Retrieved October 17, 2018.

swift.com

"SWIFT oversight". Archived from the original on June 16, 2023. Retrieved June 8, 2021.

thebalance.com

"How a 1944 Agreement Created a New World Order". Archived from the original on May 20, 2021. Retrieved June 8, 2021.
"Impact of the Dollar on Commodity Prices". Archived from the original on March 1, 2023. Retrieved June 8, 2021.

transfermate.com

"Historical Exchange Rates Currency Converter". TransferMate.com. Archived from the original on September 18, 2016. Retrieved September 10, 2016.

treasury.gov

"Fact Sheets: Currency & Coins". United States Department of the Treasury. Archived from the original on October 18, 2018. Retrieved October 17, 2018.

ticdata.treasury.gov

"MAJOR FOREIGN HOLDERS OF TREASURY SECURITIES". US Treasury. March 15, 2023. Archived from the original on November 23, 2010. Retrieved May 22, 2023.

home.treasury.gov

"Sanctions Programs and Country Information | U.S. Department of the Treasury". Archived from the original on June 16, 2023. Retrieved June 8, 2021.

umn.edu

open.lib.umn.edu

"Exchange Rate Systems". University of Minnesota. Retrieved September 24, 2024.

uncg.edu

web.uncg.edu

"Pegged and Crawling Pegged Rate Systems". UNCG. Retrieved September 24, 2024.

upenn.edu

knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu

"What's Behind the Volatility of Mexico's Peso?". Knowledge at Wharton. March 9, 2016. Retrieved September 24, 2024.

uscurrency.gov

"$100 Note | U.S. Currency Education Program". Archived from the original on August 20, 2020. Retrieved April 22, 2021.

usmint.gov

Mint, U.S. (April 6, 2017). "Coinage Act of 1792". U.S. treasury. Archived from the original on November 8, 2020. Retrieved October 17, 2018.

web.archive.org

1970–1992 Archived October 23, 2018, at the Wayback Machine. 1980 derived from AUD–USD=1.1055 and AUD–GBP=0.4957 at end of Dec 1979: 0.4957/1.1055=0.448394392; 1985 derived from AUD–USD=0.8278 and AUD–GBP=0.7130 at end of Dec 1984: 0.7130/0.8278=0.861319159.
"Coinage Act of 1792" (PDF). United States Congress. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 7, 2004. Retrieved April 2, 2008.
"Nixon Ends Convertibility of US Dollars to Gold and Announces Wage/Price Controls". Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond. Archived from the original on November 20, 2020. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
"The Implementation of Monetary Policy – The Federal Reserve in the International Sphere" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on April 27, 2017. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
"How much U.S. currency is in circulation?". Federal Reserve. Archived from the original on November 13, 2021. Retrieved February 27, 2021.
"Federal Reserve Balance Sheet: Factors Affecting Reserve Balances - H.4.1". January 2, 2025. Archived from the original on January 11, 2025.
U.S. Constitution, Article 1, Section 8. para. 5 Archived November 18, 2021, at the Wayback Machine.
U.S. Constitution, Article 1, Section 9. para. 7 Archived November 18, 2021, at the Wayback Machine.
"Financial Report of the United States Government" (PDF). Department of the Treasury. 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 13, 2018. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
U.S. Congress. 1792. Coinage Act of 1792. 2nd Congress, 1st Session. Sec. 9, ch. 16. Retrieved June 6, 2020.
Fitzpatrick, John C., ed. (1934). "Tuesday, August 8, 1786". Journals of the Continental Congress 1774–1789. XXXI: 1786: 503–505. Archived from the original on May 7, 2021. Retrieved December 5, 2019.
Peters, Richard, ed. (1845). "Second Congress. Sess. I. Ch. 16". The Public Statutes at Large of the United States of America, Etc. Etc. 1: 246–251. Archived from the original on November 13, 2020. Retrieved December 5, 2019.
Langland, Connie (May 27, 2015). "What is a millage rate and how does it affect school funding?". WHYY. PBS and NPR. Archived from the original on March 7, 2021. Retrieved December 5, 2019.
"Mills Currency". Past & Present. Stamp and Coin Place Blog. September 26, 2018. Archived from the original on May 3, 2021. Retrieved December 5, 2019.
"How much is "two bits" and where did the phrase". Archived from the original on August 14, 2021. Retrieved June 9, 2021.
"Decimal Trading Definition and History". Archived from the original on November 18, 2021. Retrieved June 10, 2021.
There is no solid reference on the desirability of liondollars in North America and on 1:1 parity with heavier dollars. A dollar worth $0.80 Spanish is not cheap if priced at $0.50 http://coins.lakdiva.org/netherlands/1644_wes_lion_daalder_ag.html Archived February 5, 2013, at the Wayback Machine https://coins.nd.edu/ColCoin/ColCoinIntros/Lion-Dollar.intro.html Archived July 10, 2018, at the Wayback Machine
"Paper Money Glossary". Littleton Coin Company. Archived from the original on October 18, 2018. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
Scutt, David (June 3, 2019). "The Australian dollar is grinding higher as expectations for rate cuts from the US Federal Reserve build". Business Insider. Archived from the original on August 7, 2019. Retrieved August 7, 2019.
Tappe, Anneken (August 9, 2018). "New Zealand dollar leads G-10 losers as greenback gains strength". MarketWatch. Archived from the original on August 7, 2019. Retrieved August 7, 2019.
"U.S. Bureau of Engraving and Printing – FAQs". www.bep.gov. Archived from the original on October 18, 2018. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
Mint, U.S. (April 6, 2017). "Coinage Act of 1792". U.S. treasury. Archived from the original on November 8, 2020. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
Mason, Seth (January 7, 2013). "The Definitive Inflation Chart". Ecominoes. Archived from the original on October 19, 2018..
Sumner, W. G. (1898). "The Spanish Dollar and the Colonial Shilling". The American Historical Review. 3 (4): 607–619. doi:10.2307/1834139. JSTOR 1834139. Archived from the original on April 9, 2022. Retrieved June 7, 2021.
"United States Dollar". OANDA. Archived from the original on October 18, 2018. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
"Engraving and printing currency and security documents:Article b". Legal Information Institute. Archived from the original on December 20, 2013. Retrieved December 19, 2013.
Anderson, Gordon T. April 25, 2005. "Congress tries again for a dollar coin Archived March 21, 2022, at the Wayback Machine." CNN Money.
Christian Zappone (July 18, 2006). "Kill-the-penny bill introduced". CNN Money. Archived from the original on July 28, 2019. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
Weinberg, Ali (February 19, 2013). "Penny pinching: Can Obama manage elimination of one-cent coin?". NBC News. Archived from the original on October 18, 2018. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
"5 Dollars (Federal Reserve Note; colored) - United States". Archived from the original on June 7, 2023. Retrieved June 7, 2023.
"$100 Note | U.S. Currency Education Program". Archived from the original on August 20, 2020. Retrieved April 22, 2021.
"Paragraph 2 of Section 8 of Article 1 of the United States Constitution". Topics.law.cornell.edu. Archived from the original on November 18, 2021. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
"Section 411 of Title 12 of the United States Code". Law.cornell.edu. June 22, 2010. Archived from the original on June 27, 2019. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
"Section 5103 of Title 31 of the United States Code". Law.cornell.edu. August 6, 2010. Archived from the original on October 22, 2018. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
"Section 5115 of Title 31 of the United States Code". Law.cornell.edu. August 6, 2010. Archived from the original on June 27, 2019. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
Orzano, Michele (February 25, 2015). "What is a horse blanket note?". Coin World. Archived from the original on November 29, 2021.
"Central Bank of Timor-Leste". Archived from the original on May 1, 2019. Retrieved March 22, 2017. The official currency of Timor-Leste is the United States dollar, which is legal tender for all payments made in cash.
"Ecuador". CIA World Factbook. October 18, 2010. Archived from the original on January 10, 2021. Retrieved October 17, 2018. The dollar is legal tender
"El Salvador". CIA World Factbook. October 21, 2010. Archived from the original on May 7, 2021. Retrieved October 17, 2018. The US dollar became El Salvador's currency in 2001
"Currency". Central Bank of Liberia. Archived from the original on January 15, 2023. Retrieved January 15, 2023.
Nay Im, Tal; Dabadie, Michel (March 31, 2007). "Dollarization in Cambodia" (PDF). National Bank of Cambodia. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 11, 2022. Retrieved April 11, 2022.
Nagumo, Jada (August 4, 2021). "Cambodia aims to wean off US dollar dependence with digital currency". Nikkei Asia. Archived from the original on April 15, 2022. Retrieved April 11, 2022. Cambodia runs a dual-currency system, with the U.S. dollar widely circulating in its economy. The country's dollarization began in the 1980s and 90s, following years of civil war and unrest.
"Federal Reserve Board – Purposes & Functions". Archived from the original on March 26, 2020. Retrieved June 11, 2021.
"Conducting Monetary Policy" (PDF). United States Federal Reserve. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 11, 2021. Retrieved August 23, 2021.
"St. Louis Adjusted Monetary Base". Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. February 15, 1984. Archived from the original on October 17, 2018. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
"Fact Sheets: Currency & Coins". United States Department of the Treasury. Archived from the original on October 18, 2018. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
"'The Silver Way' Explains How the Old Mexican Dollar Changed the World". April 30, 2017. Archived from the original on May 16, 2021. Retrieved June 8, 2021.
Eichengreen, Barry; Flandreau, Marc (2009). "The rise and fall of the dollar (or when did the dollar replace sterling as the leading reserve currency?)". European Review of Economic History. 13 (3): 377–411. doi:10.1017/S1361491609990153. ISSN 1474-0044. S2CID 154773110. Archived from the original on January 7, 2023. Retrieved April 16, 2021.
"How a 1944 Agreement Created a New World Order". Archived from the original on May 20, 2021. Retrieved June 8, 2021.
"MAJOR FOREIGN HOLDERS OF TREASURY SECURITIES". US Treasury. March 15, 2023. Archived from the original on November 23, 2010. Retrieved May 22, 2023.
"SWIFT oversight". Archived from the original on June 16, 2023. Retrieved June 8, 2021.
"Sanctions Programs and Country Information | U.S. Department of the Treasury". Archived from the original on June 16, 2023. Retrieved June 8, 2021.
"Impact of the Dollar on Commodity Prices". Archived from the original on March 1, 2023. Retrieved June 8, 2021.
"Dollar Bond". Archived from the original on June 8, 2021. Retrieved June 8, 2021.
Bernanke, Ben S. (January 7, 2016). "The dollar's international role: An "exorbitant privilege"?". Archived from the original on June 8, 2021.
Mohsin, Saleha (January 21, 2021). "The Strong Dollar". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on August 22, 2021. Retrieved August 23, 2021.
"Section 9 of the Coinage Act of 1792". American Memory - Library of Congress. Archived from the original on July 29, 2020. Retrieved August 24, 2010.
"Measuring Worth – Purchasing Power of Money in the United States from 1774 to 2010". Archived from the original on June 16, 2023. Retrieved April 22, 2010.
"Consumer Price Index Frequently Asked Questions". Archived from the original on October 18, 2018. Retrieved October 16, 2018.
"Consumer Price Index Frequently Asked Questions". Archived from the original on October 18, 2018. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
Broaddus Jr., J. Alfred (September 1, 1993). "Central Banking—Then and Now". Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Archived from the original on October 26, 2018. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
Emery, Kenneth M. "Controlling Inflation: A Historical Perspective" (PDF). Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 7, 2010. Retrieved July 17, 2010.
Ferguson, Roger W. Jr. (November 3, 2005). "Monetary Credibility, Inflation, and Economic Growth". FRB. Archived from the original on August 15, 2010. Retrieved July 17, 2010.
"What are the goals of U.S. monetary policy?". Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco. February 6, 2004. Archived from the original on October 18, 2018. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
U.S. Federal Reserve: Last 4 years Archived October 18, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, 2009–2012 Archived October 18, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, 2005–2008 Archived October 18, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, 2001–2004 Archived October 18, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, 1997–2000 Archived October 18, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, 1993–1996 Archived October 18, 2018, at the Wayback Machine; Reserve Bank of Australia: 1970–present Archived October 23, 2018, at the Wayback Machine
"2004–present". Archived from the original on July 23, 2014. Retrieved July 24, 2014.
"FRB: Foreign Exchange Rates – G.5A; Release Dates". Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Archived from the original on August 3, 2014. Retrieved July 23, 2014.
"Historical Exchange Rates Currency Converter". TransferMate.com. Archived from the original on September 18, 2016. Retrieved September 10, 2016.
"Exchange Rates Between the United States Dollar and the Swiss Franc Archived March 30, 2019, at the Wayback Machine." Measuring Worth. Retrieved October 17, 2018.
1977–1991
1976–1991
Soviet ruble until 1991 | "Archive". Central Bank of Russia. Archived from the original on February 3, 2013. Retrieved September 11, 2012.
Russian ruble 1992 onwards | USD exchange rates in RUB Archived 11 June 2018 at the Wayback Machine, Bank of Russia
1974–1991, 1993–1995

whyy.org

Langland, Connie (May 27, 2015). "What is a millage rate and how does it affect school funding?". WHYY. PBS and NPR. Archived from the original on March 7, 2021. Retrieved December 5, 2019.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Aiton, Arthur S.; Wheeler, Benjamin W. (1931). "The First American Mint". The Hispanic American Historical Review. 11 (2). p. 198 and note 2 on p. 198. doi:10.1215/00182168-11.2.198. ISSN 0018-2168. JSTOR 2506275.
Eichengreen, Barry; Flandreau, Marc (2009). "The rise and fall of the dollar (or when did the dollar replace sterling as the leading reserve currency?)". European Review of Economic History. 13 (3): 377–411. doi:10.1017/S1361491609990153. ISSN 1474-0044. S2CID 154773110. Archived from the original on January 7, 2023. Retrieved April 16, 2021.

x-rates.com

"2004–present". Archived from the original on July 23, 2014. Retrieved July 24, 2014.