Universal grammar (English Wikipedia)

Hackett, Jeremiah (Apr 15, 2020) [Apr 19, 2007]. "Roger Bacon". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Archived from the original on 21 Aug 2022. Retrieved 4 May 2025.

arxiv.org

McCoy, R. Thomas; Frank, Robert; Linzen, Tal (2018). "Revisiting the poverty of the stimulus: hierarchical generalization without a hierarchical bias in recurrent neural networks" (PDF). Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society: 2093–2098. arXiv:1802.09091.

berkeley.edu

www1.icsi.berkeley.edu

Everett, Daniel L. (August–October 2005). "Cultural Constraints on Grammar and Cognition in Pirahã: Another Look at the Design Features of Human Language" (PDF). Current Anthropology. 46 (4): 621–646. doi:10.1086/431525. hdl:2066/41103. S2CID 2223235. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.

blackwellpublishing.com

Wasow, Thomas (2003). "Generative Grammar" (PDF). In Aronoff, Mark; Ress-Miller, Janie (eds.). The Handbook of Linguistics. Blackwell. p. 299. doi:10.1002/9780470756409.ch12. ISBN 978-0-631-20497-8.

chomsky.info

Hauser, Marc; Chomsky, Noam; Fitch, William Tecumseh (22 November 2002), "The Faculty of Language: What Is It, Who Has It, and How Did It Evolve?" (PDF), Science, 298 (5598): 1569–1579, doi:10.1126/science.298.5598.1569, PMID 12446899, archived from the original (PDF) on 28 December 2013, retrieved 28 December 2013
Hauser, Marc; Chomsky, Noam; Fitch, William Tecumseh (22 November 2002), "The Faculty of Language: What Is It, Who Has It, and How Did It Evolve?" (PDF), Science, 298 (5598): 1569–1579, doi:10.1126/science.298.5598.1569, PMID 12446899, archived from the original (PDF) on 28 December 2013, retrieved 11 April 2024, We hypothesize that FLN only includes recursion and is the only uniquely human component of the faculty of language. [...] the core recursive aspect of FLN currently appears to lack any analog in animal communication and possibly other domains as well.

cognitionandculture.net

Nevins, Andrew; Pesetsky, David; Rodrigues, Cilene (March 8, 2007). "Pirahã Exceptionality: a Reassessment" (PDF). International Cognition & Culture Institute. Retrieved May 1, 2025.

doi.org

Evans, Nicholas; Levinson, Stephen C. (26 October 2009). "The myth of language universals: Language diversity and its importance for cognitive science". Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 32 (5): 429–48. doi:10.1017/S0140525X0999094X. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0012-C29E-4. PMID 19857320. S2CID 2675474. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 July 2018.
Christensen, Christian Hejlesen (March 2019). "Arguments for and against the Idea of Universal Grammar". Leviathan (4): 12–28. doi:10.7146/lev.v0i4.112677. S2CID 172055557. Retrieved 1 May 2025.
Wasow, Thomas (2003). "Generative Grammar" (PDF). In Aronoff, Mark; Ress-Miller, Janie (eds.). The Handbook of Linguistics. Blackwell. p. 299. doi:10.1002/9780470756409.ch12. ISBN 978-0-631-20497-8.
Pesetsky, David (1999). "Linguistic universals and universal grammar". In Wilson, Robert; Keil, Frank (eds.). The MIT encyclopedia of the cognitive sciences. MIT Press. pp. 476–478. doi:10.7551/mitpress/4660.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-262-33816-5.
Crain, Stephen; Nakayama, Mineharu (1987). "Structure dependence in grammar formation". Language. 63 (3): 522–543. doi:10.2307/415004. JSTOR 415004.
Thomas, Margaret (Autumn 1995). "Medieval and Modern Views of Universal Grammar and the Nature of Second Language Learning". The Modern Language Journal. 79 (3). Stanford University: 345–55. doi:10.2307/329350.
Thomas, Margaret (December 2002). "Roger Bacon and Martin Joos: Generative Linguistics' Reading of the Past". Historiographia Linguistica. 29 (3): 339–78. doi:10.1075/hl.29.3.05tho.
Gallego, Ángel (2012). "Parameters". In Boeckx, Cedric (ed.). The Oxford Handbook of Linguistic Minimalism. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199549368.013.0023.
Hauser, Marc; Chomsky, Noam; Fitch, W. Tecumseh (2002). "The faculty of language: what is it, who has it, and how did it evolve". Science. 298 (5598): 1569–1579. doi:10.1126/science.298.5598.1569. PMID 12446899.
Hauser, Marc; Chomsky, Noam; Fitch, William Tecumseh (22 November 2002), "The Faculty of Language: What Is It, Who Has It, and How Did It Evolve?" (PDF), Science, 298 (5598): 1569–1579, doi:10.1126/science.298.5598.1569, PMID 12446899, archived from the original (PDF) on 28 December 2013, retrieved 28 December 2013
Hauser, Marc; Chomsky, Noam; Fitch, William Tecumseh (22 November 2002), "The Faculty of Language: What Is It, Who Has It, and How Did It Evolve?" (PDF), Science, 298 (5598): 1569–1579, doi:10.1126/science.298.5598.1569, PMID 12446899, archived from the original (PDF) on 28 December 2013, retrieved 11 April 2024, We hypothesize that FLN only includes recursion and is the only uniquely human component of the faculty of language. [...] the core recursive aspect of FLN currently appears to lack any analog in animal communication and possibly other domains as well.
Hudson Kam, C. L.; Newport, E. L. (2009). "Getting it right by getting it wrong: When learners change languages". Cognitive Psychology. 59 (1): 30–66. doi:10.1016/j.cogpsych.2009.01.001. PMC 2703698. PMID 19324332.
Pullum, Geoff; Scholz, Barbara (2002). "Empirical assessment of stimulus poverty arguments". The Linguistic Review. 18 (1–2): 9–50. doi:10.1515/tlir.19.1-2.9.
Legate, Julie Anne; Yang, Charles (2002). "Empirical re-assessment of stimulus poverty arguments" (PDF). The Linguistic Review. 18 (1–2): 151–162. doi:10.1515/tlir.19.1-2.9.
Ramscar, Michael; Yarlett, Daniel (2007). "Linguistic self-correction in the absence of feedback: A new approach to the logical problem of language acquisition". Cognitive Science. 31 (6): 927–960. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.501.4207. doi:10.1080/03640210701703576. PMID 21635323. S2CID 2277787.
Fisher, Simon E.; Vernes, Sonja C. (January 2015). "Genetics and the Language Sciences". Annual Review of Linguistics. 1: 289–310. doi:10.1146/annurev-linguist-030514-125024. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0019-DA19-1. Retrieved 1 May 2025.
Christiansen, Morten H.; Chater, Nick (January 1985). "Language as Shaped by the Brain". Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 31 (5): 489–508. doi:10.1017/S0140525X08004998. Retrieved 3 May 2025.
Evans, Nicholas; Levinson, Stephen C. (2009). "The Myth of Language Universals: Language diversity and its importance for cognitive science" (PDF). Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 32 (5): 429–492. doi:10.1017/S0140525X0999094X. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0012-C29E-4. PMID 19857320. Retrieved 3 May 2025.
Hinzen, Wolfram (September 2012). "The philosophical significance of Universal Grammar". Language Sciences. 34 (5): 635–649. doi:10.1016/j.langsci.2012.03.005.
Everett, Daniel L. (August–October 2005). "Cultural Constraints on Grammar and Cognition in Pirahã: Another Look at the Design Features of Human Language" (PDF). Current Anthropology. 46 (4): 621–646. doi:10.1086/431525. hdl:2066/41103. S2CID 2223235. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.

ed.ac.uk

lel.ed.ac.uk

Hurford, James R. (1995). "Nativist and Functional Explanations in Language Acquisition" (PDF). In I. M. Roca (ed.). Logical Issues in Language Acquisition. Dordrecht, Holland; Providence, Rhode Island: Foris Publications. p. 88. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09. Retrieved June 10, 2014.

facultyoflanguage.blogspot.com

Hornstein, Norbert (21 August 2017). "Language vs linguistics, again; the case of Christiansen and Chater". Faculty of Language. University of Maryland. Retrieved 3 May 2025.

ghostarchive.org

Hurford, James R. (1995). "Nativist and Functional Explanations in Language Acquisition" (PDF). In I. M. Roca (ed.). Logical Issues in Language Acquisition. Dordrecht, Holland; Providence, Rhode Island: Foris Publications. p. 88. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09. Retrieved June 10, 2014.
Everett, Daniel L. (August–October 2005). "Cultural Constraints on Grammar and Cognition in Pirahã: Another Look at the Design Features of Human Language" (PDF). Current Anthropology. 46 (4): 621–646. doi:10.1086/431525. hdl:2066/41103. S2CID 2223235. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.

google.com

Van Rooy, Raf (November 2020). "Chapter 3: The exception to the rule: Lingua and idioma in Roger Bacon's thought". Language or Dialect? The History of a Conceptual Pair. Oxford University Press. pp. 100–110. ISBN 9780198845713.

grsampson.net

Sampson, Geoffrey (30 August 2022). "The 'Language Instinct' Debate". GRSampson.net. Retrieved April 27, 2025. [My book] ends by posing the question 'How could such poor arguments have passed muster for so long?'

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Evans, Nicholas; Levinson, Stephen C. (26 October 2009). "The myth of language universals: Language diversity and its importance for cognitive science". Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 32 (5): 429–48. doi:10.1017/S0140525X0999094X. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0012-C29E-4. PMID 19857320. S2CID 2675474. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 July 2018.
Fisher, Simon E.; Vernes, Sonja C. (January 2015). "Genetics and the Language Sciences". Annual Review of Linguistics. 1: 289–310. doi:10.1146/annurev-linguist-030514-125024. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0019-DA19-1. Retrieved 1 May 2025.
Evans, Nicholas; Levinson, Stephen C. (2009). "The Myth of Language Universals: Language diversity and its importance for cognitive science" (PDF). Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 32 (5): 429–492. doi:10.1017/S0140525X0999094X. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0012-C29E-4. PMID 19857320. Retrieved 3 May 2025.
Everett, Daniel L. (August–October 2005). "Cultural Constraints on Grammar and Cognition in Pirahã: Another Look at the Design Features of Human Language" (PDF). Current Anthropology. 46 (4): 621–646. doi:10.1086/431525. hdl:2066/41103. S2CID 2223235. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.

jefflidz.com

Lasnik, Howard; Lidz, Jeffrey (2017). "The Argument from the Poverty of the Stimulus" (PDF). In Roberts, Ian (ed.). The Oxford Handbook of Universal Grammar. Oxford University Press.

jstor.org

Crain, Stephen; Nakayama, Mineharu (1987). "Structure dependence in grammar formation". Language. 63 (3): 522–543. doi:10.2307/415004. JSTOR 415004.

mcgill.ca

thebrain.mcgill.ca

Chomsky, Noam. "Tool Module: Chomsky's Universal Grammar". Retrieved 2010-10-07.
Chomsky, Noam. "Tool Module: Chomsky's Universal Grammar". Retrieved 2010-10-07.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Evans, Nicholas; Levinson, Stephen C. (26 October 2009). "The myth of language universals: Language diversity and its importance for cognitive science". Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 32 (5): 429–48. doi:10.1017/S0140525X0999094X. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0012-C29E-4. PMID 19857320. S2CID 2675474. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 July 2018.
Hauser, Marc; Chomsky, Noam; Fitch, W. Tecumseh (2002). "The faculty of language: what is it, who has it, and how did it evolve". Science. 298 (5598): 1569–1579. doi:10.1126/science.298.5598.1569. PMID 12446899.
Hauser, Marc; Chomsky, Noam; Fitch, William Tecumseh (22 November 2002), "The Faculty of Language: What Is It, Who Has It, and How Did It Evolve?" (PDF), Science, 298 (5598): 1569–1579, doi:10.1126/science.298.5598.1569, PMID 12446899, archived from the original (PDF) on 28 December 2013, retrieved 28 December 2013
Hauser, Marc; Chomsky, Noam; Fitch, William Tecumseh (22 November 2002), "The Faculty of Language: What Is It, Who Has It, and How Did It Evolve?" (PDF), Science, 298 (5598): 1569–1579, doi:10.1126/science.298.5598.1569, PMID 12446899, archived from the original (PDF) on 28 December 2013, retrieved 11 April 2024, We hypothesize that FLN only includes recursion and is the only uniquely human component of the faculty of language. [...] the core recursive aspect of FLN currently appears to lack any analog in animal communication and possibly other domains as well.
Hudson Kam, C. L.; Newport, E. L. (2009). "Getting it right by getting it wrong: When learners change languages". Cognitive Psychology. 59 (1): 30–66. doi:10.1016/j.cogpsych.2009.01.001. PMC 2703698. PMID 19324332.
Ramscar, Michael; Yarlett, Daniel (2007). "Linguistic self-correction in the absence of feedback: A new approach to the logical problem of language acquisition". Cognitive Science. 31 (6): 927–960. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.501.4207. doi:10.1080/03640210701703576. PMID 21635323. S2CID 2277787.
Evans, Nicholas; Levinson, Stephen C. (2009). "The Myth of Language Universals: Language diversity and its importance for cognitive science" (PDF). Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 32 (5): 429–492. doi:10.1017/S0140525X0999094X. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0012-C29E-4. PMID 19857320. Retrieved 3 May 2025.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Hudson Kam, C. L.; Newport, E. L. (2009). "Getting it right by getting it wrong: When learners change languages". Cognitive Psychology. 59 (1): 30–66. doi:10.1016/j.cogpsych.2009.01.001. PMC 2703698. PMID 19324332.

psu.edu

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Ramscar, Michael; Yarlett, Daniel (2007). "Linguistic self-correction in the absence of feedback: A new approach to the logical problem of language acquisition". Cognitive Science. 31 (6): 927–960. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.501.4207. doi:10.1080/03640210701703576. PMID 21635323. S2CID 2277787.
McDonald, Scott; Ramscar, Michael (2001). "Testing the distributional hypothesis: The influence of context on judgements of semantic similarity". Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society: 611–616. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.104.7535.
Yarlett, Daniel G.; Ramscar, Michael J. A. (2008). "Language Learning Through Similarity-Based Generalization" (PDF). draft. Stanford University. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.393.7298.

researchgate.net

Christensen, Christian Hejlesen (March 2019). "Arguments for and against the Idea of Universal Grammar". Leviathan (4): 12–28. doi:10.7146/lev.v0i4.112677. S2CID 172055557. Retrieved 1 May 2025.
Thomas, Margaret (December 2002). "Roger Bacon and Martin Joos: Generative Linguistics' Reading of the Past". Historiographia Linguistica. 29 (3): 339–78. doi:10.1075/hl.29.3.05tho.
Fisher, Simon E.; Vernes, Sonja C. (January 2015). "Genetics and the Language Sciences". Annual Review of Linguistics. 1: 289–310. doi:10.1146/annurev-linguist-030514-125024. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0019-DA19-1. Retrieved 1 May 2025.
Christiansen, Morten H.; Chater, Nick (January 1985). "Language as Shaped by the Brain". Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 31 (5): 489–508. doi:10.1017/S0140525X08004998. Retrieved 3 May 2025.

routledge.com

rep.routledge.com

Ebbesen, Sten. "Language, medieval theories of". Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Routledge. Retrieved 4 May 2025.

sciencedirect.com

Hinzen, Wolfram (September 2012). "The philosophical significance of Universal Grammar". Language Sciences. 34 (5): 635–649. doi:10.1016/j.langsci.2012.03.005.

scientificamerican.com

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semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Evans, Nicholas; Levinson, Stephen C. (26 October 2009). "The myth of language universals: Language diversity and its importance for cognitive science". Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 32 (5): 429–48. doi:10.1017/S0140525X0999094X. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0012-C29E-4. PMID 19857320. S2CID 2675474. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 July 2018.
Christensen, Christian Hejlesen (March 2019). "Arguments for and against the Idea of Universal Grammar". Leviathan (4): 12–28. doi:10.7146/lev.v0i4.112677. S2CID 172055557. Retrieved 1 May 2025.
Ramscar, Michael; Yarlett, Daniel (2007). "Linguistic self-correction in the absence of feedback: A new approach to the logical problem of language acquisition". Cognitive Science. 31 (6): 927–960. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.501.4207. doi:10.1080/03640210701703576. PMID 21635323. S2CID 2277787.
Everett, Daniel L. (August–October 2005). "Cultural Constraints on Grammar and Cognition in Pirahã: Another Look at the Design Features of Human Language" (PDF). Current Anthropology. 46 (4): 621–646. doi:10.1086/431525. hdl:2066/41103. S2CID 2223235. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.

semanticscholar.org

Evans, Nicholas; Levinson, Stephen C. (26 October 2009). "The myth of language universals: Language diversity and its importance for cognitive science". Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 32 (5): 429–48. doi:10.1017/S0140525X0999094X. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0012-C29E-4. PMID 19857320. S2CID 2675474. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 July 2018.

stanford.edu

plato.stanford.edu

Hackett, Jeremiah (Apr 15, 2020) [Apr 19, 2007]. "Roger Bacon". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Archived from the original on 21 Aug 2022. Retrieved 4 May 2025.

tallinzen.net

McCoy, R. Thomas; Frank, Robert; Linzen, Tal (2018). "Revisiting the poverty of the stimulus: hierarchical generalization without a hierarchical bias in recurrent neural networks" (PDF). Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society: 2093–2098. arXiv:1802.09091.

umass.edu

Evans, Nicholas; Levinson, Stephen C. (2009). "The Myth of Language Universals: Language diversity and its importance for cognitive science" (PDF). Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 32 (5): 429–492. doi:10.1017/S0140525X0999094X. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0012-C29E-4. PMID 19857320. Retrieved 3 May 2025.

upenn.edu

ling.upenn.edu

Legate, Julie Anne; Yang, Charles (2002). "Empirical re-assessment of stimulus poverty arguments" (PDF). The Linguistic Review. 18 (1–2): 151–162. doi:10.1515/tlir.19.1-2.9.

web.archive.org

Evans, Nicholas; Levinson, Stephen C. (26 October 2009). "The myth of language universals: Language diversity and its importance for cognitive science". Behavioral and Brain Sciences. 32 (5): 429–48. doi:10.1017/S0140525X0999094X. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0012-C29E-4. PMID 19857320. S2CID 2675474. Archived (PDF) from the original on 27 July 2018.
Hauser, Marc; Chomsky, Noam; Fitch, William Tecumseh (22 November 2002), "The Faculty of Language: What Is It, Who Has It, and How Did It Evolve?" (PDF), Science, 298 (5598): 1569–1579, doi:10.1126/science.298.5598.1569, PMID 12446899, archived from the original (PDF) on 28 December 2013, retrieved 28 December 2013
Hauser, Marc; Chomsky, Noam; Fitch, William Tecumseh (22 November 2002), "The Faculty of Language: What Is It, Who Has It, and How Did It Evolve?" (PDF), Science, 298 (5598): 1569–1579, doi:10.1126/science.298.5598.1569, PMID 12446899, archived from the original (PDF) on 28 December 2013, retrieved 11 April 2024, We hypothesize that FLN only includes recursion and is the only uniquely human component of the faculty of language. [...] the core recursive aspect of FLN currently appears to lack any analog in animal communication and possibly other domains as well.
Yarlett, Daniel G.; Ramscar, Michael J. A. (2008). "Language Learning Through Similarity-Based Generalization" (PDF). draft. Stanford University. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.393.7298.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Lancelot, Claude, 1615?–1695 (1967). Grammaire generale et raisonnee, 1660. Scolar Press. OCLC 367432981.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)