See (Gibbs 2016): "'When we did the pilot project study in 1993, we calculated that the present value estimate comparison for vacuum sewers and gravity sewers would intersect in 20 years,' he notes. 'At that point, we predicted that vacuum sewers would be more expensive due to maintenance and upkeep. This was based largely on data known at that time. It has been 23 years now, and we’re still not close to seeing the O&M costs that were originally estimated,' Beach continues. 'We have not crossed the present worth value line, and it will likely be another 10 years before these lines intersect.'" Gibbs, Steve (18 October 2016). "Keeping Ocean Shores Clean: Coastal Town Relies on Vacuum Sewers". informedinfrastructure.com. Informed Infrastructure.
See (Gibbs 2015): "'One of the interesting things I learned about vacuum sewers is that they are gravity assisted,' Garri notes. 'The collection lines have a sawtooth profile. Vacuum pressure in the lines assists gravity to help move sewage slugs along to the treatment plant. This type of innovative design allows for the vacuum sewer mains to be installed at a much shallower depth than gravity sewers.'" Gibbs, Steve (30 September 2015). "Crystal River Works to Save Manatees and the Local Economy". informedinfrastructure.com. Informed Infrastructure.
See (Gibbs 2016): "Leaks in a vacuum main or lateral likewise are rare... 'That’s one of the things we appreciate about vacuum sewers; if there is a leak in the line, vacuum pressure sucks in whatever is around the hole rather than sewage pouring out into the environment,' notes Read. 'We don’t have to do a line repair standing in sewage.'" Gibbs, Steve (18 October 2016). "Keeping Ocean Shores Clean: Coastal Town Relies on Vacuum Sewers". informedinfrastructure.com. Informed Infrastructure.
See (Gibbs 2016): "Read said his team can detect the location of small leaks by looking at the diagnostic data at the vacuum station to determine the specific area, then listening for the sucking sound of air rushing in... 'We can usually locate a leak in less than 30 minutes. If you can’t find it in 30 minutes, it must be a very small hole'... Vacuum sewer line repair usually is quick and easy, because collection lines are buried only 3 to 4 feet deep. A small backhoe typically is all that’s required to excavate a leaky pipe." Gibbs, Steve (18 October 2016). "Keeping Ocean Shores Clean: Coastal Town Relies on Vacuum Sewers". informedinfrastructure.com. Informed Infrastructure.
See (Gibbs 2015): "An important step in the Kings Bay restoration effort was a two-phase vacuum-sewer installation. The project’s goal was to rid the area of nearly 600 aging septic tanks that were contaminating groundwater and contributing to nitrogen buildup in the bay." Gibbs, Steve (30 September 2015). "Crystal River Works to Save Manatees and the Local Economy". informedinfrastructure.com. Informed Infrastructure.
See (Gibbs 2016): "The city of Ocean Shores, Wash., offers a valuable test case for vacuum sewer reliability and endurance. The city’s vacuum system is one of the largest in the world, and it’s also mature; most of its components are more than 20 years old and must function in a challenging operational environment. What makes Ocean Shores even more valuable as a sewer system comparison study is that it also has gravity sewer and grinder pump systems to maintain." Gibbs, Steve (18 October 2016). "Keeping Ocean Shores Clean: Coastal Town Relies on Vacuum Sewers". informedinfrastructure.com. Informed Infrastructure.
