Valence (chemistry) (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Valence (chemistry)" in English language version.

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9doi.org

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3iupac.org

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3semanticscholar.org

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3harvard.edu

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2openlibrary.org

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1etymonline.com

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1archive.org

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1thefreedictionary.com

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archive.org

Partington, J.R. (1989). A Short History of Chemistry. Dover Publications, Inc. ISBN 0-486-65977-1.

books.google.com

Frankland, E. (1870). Lecture notes for chemical students(Google eBook) (2d ed.). J. Van Voorst. p. 21.

clackamas.edu

dl.clackamas.edu

"Lesson 7: Ions and Their Names". Clackamas Community College. Archived from the original on 21 January 2019. Retrieved 5 February 2019.

doi.org

Frankland, E. (1852). "On a New Series of Organic Bodies Containing Metals". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 142: 417–444. doi:10.1098/rstl.1852.0020. S2CID 186210604.
Parkin, Gerard (May 2006). "Valence, Oxidation Number, and Formal Charge: Three Related but Fundamentally Different Concepts". Journal of Chemical Education. 83 (5): 791. Bibcode:2006JChEd..83..791P. doi:10.1021/ed083p791. ISSN 0021-9584. While the concepts and definitions of valence have been refined over the years, that described by Sidgwick remains the most useful and simple definition for covalent molecules: the valence of an atom in a covalent molecule is simply the number of electrons that an atom has used in bonding.
Grimm, H.G.; Sommerfeld, A (1926). "Über den. Zusammenhang des Abschlusses der Elektronengruppen im Atom mit den chemischen Valenzzahlen". Zeitschrift für Physik. 36 (1): 36–59. Bibcode:1926ZPhy...36...36G. doi:10.1007/bf01383924. S2CID 120248399.
Smith, Derek W. (2005). "Valence, Covalence, Hypervalence, Oxidation State, and Coordination Number". Journal of Chemical Education. 82 (8): 1202. Bibcode:2005JChEd..82.1202S. doi:10.1021/ed082p1202. ISSN 0021-9584.
Langmuir, Irving (1919). "The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms and Molecules". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 41 (6): 868–934. doi:10.1021/ja02227a002.
Magnusson, Eric (1990). "Hypercoordinate molecules of second-row elements: d functions or d orbitals?". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 112 (22): 7940–7951. doi:10.1021/ja00178a014.
IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006–) "Lambda". doi:10.1351/goldbook.L03418
IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006–) "Oxidation state". doi:10.1351/goldbook.O04365
Muller, P. (1994). "Glossary of terms used in physical organic chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1994)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 66 (5): 1077–1184. doi:10.1351/pac199466051077. S2CID 195819485.

etymonline.com

Harper, Douglas. "valence". Online Etymology Dictionary.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Parkin, Gerard (May 2006). "Valence, Oxidation Number, and Formal Charge: Three Related but Fundamentally Different Concepts". Journal of Chemical Education. 83 (5): 791. Bibcode:2006JChEd..83..791P. doi:10.1021/ed083p791. ISSN 0021-9584. While the concepts and definitions of valence have been refined over the years, that described by Sidgwick remains the most useful and simple definition for covalent molecules: the valence of an atom in a covalent molecule is simply the number of electrons that an atom has used in bonding.
Grimm, H.G.; Sommerfeld, A (1926). "Über den. Zusammenhang des Abschlusses der Elektronengruppen im Atom mit den chemischen Valenzzahlen". Zeitschrift für Physik. 36 (1): 36–59. Bibcode:1926ZPhy...36...36G. doi:10.1007/bf01383924. S2CID 120248399.
Smith, Derek W. (2005). "Valence, Covalence, Hypervalence, Oxidation State, and Coordination Number". Journal of Chemical Education. 82 (8): 1202. Bibcode:2005JChEd..82.1202S. doi:10.1021/ed082p1202. ISSN 0021-9584.

iupac.org

goldbook.iupac.org

IUPAC Gold Book definition: valence
IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006–) "Lambda". doi:10.1351/goldbook.L03418
IUPAC, Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: (2006–) "Oxidation state". doi:10.1351/goldbook.O04365

merriam-webster.com

unabridged.merriam-webster.com

Merriam-Webster, Merriam-Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, archived from the original on 2020-05-25, retrieved 2017-05-11.

openlibrary.org

Partington, James Riddick (1921). A text-book of inorganic chemistry for university students (1st ed.). OL 7221486M.
Frankland, E.; Japp, F.R (1885). Inorganic chemistry (1st ed.). pp. 75–85. OL 6994182M.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Frankland, E. (1852). "On a New Series of Organic Bodies Containing Metals". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. 142: 417–444. doi:10.1098/rstl.1852.0020. S2CID 186210604.
Grimm, H.G.; Sommerfeld, A (1926). "Über den. Zusammenhang des Abschlusses der Elektronengruppen im Atom mit den chemischen Valenzzahlen". Zeitschrift für Physik. 36 (1): 36–59. Bibcode:1926ZPhy...36...36G. doi:10.1007/bf01383924. S2CID 120248399.
Muller, P. (1994). "Glossary of terms used in physical organic chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1994)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 66 (5): 1077–1184. doi:10.1351/pac199466051077. S2CID 195819485.

thefreedictionary.com

medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com

The Free Dictionary: valence

unige.ch

archive-ouverte.unige.ch

Muller, P. (1994). "Glossary of terms used in physical organic chemistry (IUPAC Recommendations 1994)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 66 (5): 1077–1184. doi:10.1351/pac199466051077. S2CID 195819485.

web.archive.org

Merriam-Webster, Merriam-Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, archived from the original on 2020-05-25, retrieved 2017-05-11.
"Lesson 7: Ions and Their Names". Clackamas Community College. Archived from the original on 21 January 2019. Retrieved 5 February 2019.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Parkin, Gerard (May 2006). "Valence, Oxidation Number, and Formal Charge: Three Related but Fundamentally Different Concepts". Journal of Chemical Education. 83 (5): 791. Bibcode:2006JChEd..83..791P. doi:10.1021/ed083p791. ISSN 0021-9584. While the concepts and definitions of valence have been refined over the years, that described by Sidgwick remains the most useful and simple definition for covalent molecules: the valence of an atom in a covalent molecule is simply the number of electrons that an atom has used in bonding.
Smith, Derek W. (2005). "Valence, Covalence, Hypervalence, Oxidation State, and Coordination Number". Journal of Chemical Education. 82 (8): 1202. Bibcode:2005JChEd..82.1202S. doi:10.1021/ed082p1202. ISSN 0021-9584.

zenodo.org

Langmuir, Irving (1919). "The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms and Molecules". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 41 (6): 868–934. doi:10.1021/ja02227a002.