Williams, Richard Allen (2020), Williams, Richard Allen (ed.), "Outstanding Black Physicians and Other Health Professionals in American History", Blacks in Medicine: Clinical, Demographic, and Socioeconomic Correlations, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 97–154, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-41960-8_6, ISBN978-3-030-41960-8, PMC7182344
Williams, Richard Allen (2020), Williams, Richard Allen (ed.), "Outstanding Black Physicians and Other Health Professionals in American History", Blacks in Medicine: Clinical, Demographic, and Socioeconomic Correlations, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 97–154, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-41960-8_6, ISBN978-3-030-41960-8, PMC7182344