Vessel flute (English Wikipedia)

For a linguistic analysis of the possible origins of the word ocarina:
Perono Cacciafoco, Francesco (2019). "A Prehistoric 'Little Goose': a New Etymology for the Word ocarina". Analele Universităţii din Craiova. Ştiinţe Filologice. Lingvistică. 41 (1–2): 356–369. ISSN 1224-5712.

ocarinaforest.com

"Ocarina Physics". ocarinaforest.com. Archived from the original on 2013-03-14. Retrieved 2012-12-30.

Hickman, Richard. "An introduction to the ocarina's fingering system". pureocarinas.com. Pure Ocarinas. Retrieved 8 March 2021.
Hickman, Robert. "Playing the ocarina in tune - ocarina intonation". pureocarinas.com. Pure Ocarinas.
Hickman, Robert. "Playing the ocarina in tune - ocarina intonation - Pure Ocarinas". Pureocarinas.com. Retrieved 21 November 2018.
Hickman, Robert. "How air temperature affects an ocarina's pitch". pureocarinas.com. Pure Ocarinas. Retrieved 8 March 2021.
Hickman, Robert. "Playing ocarinas in tune in warm or cold environments". pureocarinas.com. Pure Ocarinas. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
Hickman, Robert. "Increasing ocarina range - adding holes vs adding chambers". pureocarinas.com. Pure Ocarinas. Retrieved 8 March 2021.

"Ocarina Physics". ocarinaforest.com. Archived from the original on 2013-03-14. Retrieved 2012-12-30.

For a linguistic analysis of the possible origins of the word ocarina:
Perono Cacciafoco, Francesco (2019). "A Prehistoric 'Little Goose': a New Etymology for the Word ocarina". Analele Universităţii din Craiova. Ştiinţe Filologice. Lingvistică. 41 (1–2): 356–369. ISSN 1224-5712.