Violence against Muslims in independent India (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Violence against Muslims in independent India" in English language version.

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aljazeera.com

"Modi slammed as death toll in New Delhi violence rises". Al-Jazeera. 26 February 2020.

archive.org

Herman 2006, p. 65. Herman, Phyllis K. (2006). Kathryn M. Coughlin (ed.). Muslim Cultures Today: A Reference Guide. Greenwood. ISBN 978-0313323867.
Pennington 2012, p. 32. Pennington, Brian K. (2012). "Striking the Delicate Balance Teaching Violence and Hinduism". In Brian K. Pennington (ed.). Teaching Religion and Violence. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195372427.
Pandey 2005, p. 188. Pandey, Gyanendra (1 November 2005). Routine violence: nations, fragments, histories. Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0804752640.

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

"1964: Riots in Calcutta leave more than 100 dead". BBC News. 13 January 1964. Archived from the original on 2 July 2015. Retrieved 7 July 2015.

books.google.com

Naʻīm, ʻAbd Allāh Aḥmad (2008). Islam and the Secular State: Negotiating the Future of Shari'a. Harvard University Press. p. 161. ISBN 978-0-674-02776-3.
Atal, Yogesh (2009). Sociology and Social Anthropology in India. Pearson Education India. pp. 250–251. ISBN 978-81-317-2034-9.
"On February 18, 1983 about 1,600 to 2,000 Muslims of East Bengal origin were killed in several villages around Nellie." (Kimura 2013:68) Kimura, Makiko (2013). The Nellie Massacre of 1983: Agency of Rioters. Sage Publications India. ISBN 9788132111665.
"The attackers were mostly the Tiwas, the indigenous people whose kingdom was in this area, as well as other local residents, including the Koch and the Hiras, who are Hindus of lower caste." (Kimura 2013:68) Kimura, Makiko (2013). The Nellie Massacre of 1983: Agency of Rioters. Sage Publications India. ISBN 9788132111665.
(Kimura 2013:72–73) Kimura, Makiko (2013). The Nellie Massacre of 1983: Agency of Rioters. Sage Publications India. ISBN 9788132111665.
"People who could reach the CRPF camp were able to save their lives, but many women, children, and elderly people were sacrificed. Among the victims, 70 percent were women, 20 percent were elderly, and 10 percent were men. (Kimura 2013:73) Kimura, Makiko (2013). The Nellie Massacre of 1983: Agency of Rioters. Sage Publications India. ISBN 9788132111665.
(Kimura 2013:66) Kimura, Makiko (2013). The Nellie Massacre of 1983: Agency of Rioters. Sage Publications India. ISBN 9788132111665.
"The boycott was supported not only by a handful of extremists and student activists, but also by a majority of the local Assamese people." (Kimura 2013:67) Kimura, Makiko (2013). The Nellie Massacre of 1983: Agency of Rioters. Sage Publications India. ISBN 9788132111665.
"Due to their immigrant origins, the Muslims had decided to vote for the Congress, also hoping that the new government will end the movement" (Kimura 2013:72) Kimura, Makiko (2013). The Nellie Massacre of 1983: Agency of Rioters. Sage Publications India. ISBN 9788132111665.
(Kimura 2013:69) Kimura, Makiko (2013). The Nellie Massacre of 1983: Agency of Rioters. Sage Publications India. ISBN 9788132111665.
(Kimura 2013:72) Kimura, Makiko (2013). The Nellie Massacre of 1983: Agency of Rioters. Sage Publications India. ISBN 9788132111665.
"The GOI put the blame on the AASU for the boycott and for provoking the violence. The AASU and the AAGSP criticized the government for imposing an election which resulted in grave violence." (Kimura 2013:82) Kimura, Makiko (2013). The Nellie Massacre of 1983: Agency of Rioters. Sage Publications India. ISBN 9788132111665.
(Kimura 2013:83) Kimura, Makiko (2013). The Nellie Massacre of 1983: Agency of Rioters. Sage Publications India. ISBN 9788132111665.
(Kimura 2013:83–84) Kimura, Makiko (2013). The Nellie Massacre of 1983: Agency of Rioters. Sage Publications India. ISBN 9788132111665.
(Kimura 2013:84) Kimura, Makiko (2013). The Nellie Massacre of 1983: Agency of Rioters. Sage Publications India. ISBN 9788132111665.
(Kimura 2013:74) Kimura, Makiko (2013). The Nellie Massacre of 1983: Agency of Rioters. Sage Publications India. ISBN 9788132111665.
(Kimura 2013:116) Kimura, Makiko (2013). The Nellie Massacre of 1983: Agency of Rioters. Sage Publications India. ISBN 9788132111665.

cato.org

Swaminathan S. Anklesaria Aiyar (24 November 2020). "Despite Modi, India Has Not Yet Become a Hindu Authoritarian State". CATO Institute. But fears of India becoming a Hindu authoritarian state have been voiced after Narendra Modi of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) came to power in New Delhi in 2014. The party's Hindutva philosophy—the creation of a great Hindu state—envisages a Hindu state where citizens with other religious beliefs are tolerated but have second‐class status. The BJP has been associated with hundreds of violent Hindu‐Muslim riots over the decades, the latest being in Delhi in February 2020, which claimed 54 lives.

doi.org

Dhattiwala & Biggs 2012. Dhattiwala, Raheel; Biggs, Michael (December 2012). "The Political Logic of Ethnic Violence: The Anti-Muslim Pogrom in Gujarat, 2002". Politics & Society. 40 (4): 483–516. doi:10.1177/0032329212461125. S2CID 154681870.
Demerath, N. J. (2004). "Review: [The Production of Hindu-Muslim Violence in Contemporary India, by Paul R. Brass. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press, 2003, xix + 476 pp., $50.00 (cloth)]". Sociology of Religion. 65 (3): 304–306. doi:10.2307/3712256. JSTOR 3712256.

dw.de

Krishnan & Shams 2012. Krishnan, Murali; Shams, Shamil (11 March 2012). "Modi's clearance in the Gujarat riots case angers Indian Muslims". Deutsche Welle. Archived from the original on 20 October 2014. Retrieved 24 June 2013.

expressindia.com

cities.expressindia.com

"20 years delayed, trial put off again". The Indian Express. 16 July 2006. "This is the oldest case pending in Delhi and yet the prosecuting agency is still slow.." – ASJ Kaushik, 22 July 2007.^{[dead link‍]}

france24.com

"Hindu nationalist BJP supporters' 'pent-up anger' behind deadly Delhi riots". France24. 26 February 2020.

hindustantimes.com

"Chronology of communal violence in India". Hindustan Times. 10 February 2013. Archived from the original on 10 February 2013. Retrieved 12 October 2020.

hrw.org

Human Rights Watch 2003. Human Rights Watch (2003). "Compounding Injustice: The Government's Failure to Redress Massacres in Gujarat". Fédération internationale des droits de l'homme. p. 57. Archived from the original on 19 June 2015. Retrieved 4 December 2016.

iffr.com

"Final Solution". IFFR EN. Retrieved 3 February 2025.

imdb.com

Mohamed, Khalid (8 September 2000), Fiza (Crime, Drama, Romance), Karisma Kapoor, Hrithik Roshan, Jaya Bachchan, The Culture Company, UTV Motion Pictures, retrieved 3 February 2025
Dholakia, Rahul (26 January 2007), Parzania (Drama, History), Naseeruddin Shah, Corin Nemec, Sarika Thakur, Circles Motion Pictures, retrieved 3 February 2025
Sharma, Rakesh (5 August 2019), Final Solution (Documentary), retrieved 3 February 2025

indiaspend.com

Rao, Ojaswi; Abraham, Delna (28 June 2017). "86% Dead In Cow-Related Violence Since 2010 Are Muslim; 97% Attacks After 2014". IndiaSpend.com. Archived from the original on 28 September 2017. Retrieved 23 September 2017.

indiatimes.com

timesofindia.indiatimes.com

"Hashimpura massacre: Rifles given to PAC". The Times of India. 27 July 2006. Archived from the original on 4 November 2013. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
"Parzania not screened in Gujarat". The Times of India. 26 January 2007. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 3 February 2025.

economictimes.indiatimes.com

"1987 Hashimpura massacre case: Delhi HC sentences 16 ex-policemen to life imprisonment". The Economic Times. 31 October 2018. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
Singh, Rajiv. "Bihar polls: Will Bhagalpur forgive Congress for 1989 riots?". The Economic Times. Retrieved 12 October 2020.

indiatoday.in

Dasgupta, Swapan (9 October 2000). "'When embracing terrorism becomes a glamour statement'". India Today.

jstor.org

Demerath, N. J. (2004). "Review: [The Production of Hindu-Muslim Violence in Contemporary India, by Paul R. Brass. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press, 2003, xix + 476 pp., $50.00 (cloth)]". Sociology of Religion. 65 (3): 304–306. doi:10.2307/3712256. JSTOR 3712256.
Sudha Ramachandran (June 2020). "Hindutva Violence in India: Trends and Implications". Counter Terrorist Trends and Analyses. 12 (4). International Centre for Political Violence and Terrorism Research: 15–20. JSTOR 26918077. In recent years, anti-Muslim violence in India has increased alarmingly. Underlying this violence is the Hindutva ideology, which aims at making secular India a Hindu state.

nytimes.com

"The Roots of the Delhi Riots: A Fiery Speech and an Ultimatum". The New York Times. 26 February 2020.

paulbrass.com

Brass, Paul. "Riots, Pogroms, and Genocide in Contemporary India: From Partition to the Present". Paul R. Brass. Archived from the original on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 3 June 2013.

reuters.com

in.reuters.com

Wilkes, Tommy; Srivastava, Roli (28 June 2017). "Protests held across India after attacks against Muslims". Reuters. Archived from the original on 10 June 2020. Retrieved 11 March 2020.

reuters.com

"India's "Parzania" director abandons controversy". Reuters. 9 August 2007.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Dhattiwala & Biggs 2012. Dhattiwala, Raheel; Biggs, Michael (December 2012). "The Political Logic of Ethnic Violence: The Anti-Muslim Pogrom in Gujarat, 2002". Politics & Society. 40 (4): 483–516. doi:10.1177/0032329212461125. S2CID 154681870.

ssrc.org

conconflicts.ssrc.org

Varshney 2004. Varshney, Ashutosh (26 March 2004). "Understanding Gujarat Violence". Social Science Research Council. Archived from the original on 21 July 2013. Retrieved 25 June 2013.

subharti.org

journal.subharti.org

Hashimpura Massacre: A brutal and bone – chilling action of custodial killings (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 July 2019. Retrieved 17 March 2020.

theguardian.com

Burke, Jason (25 November 2014). "Terror threat to India rising again six years after Mumbai attacks". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 31 January 2017. Retrieved 19 April 2016.
"Anti-Muslim violence in Delhi serves Modi well". The Guardian. 26 February 2020.

thehindu.com

"16 acquitted in 1987 Hashimpura massacre case". The Hindu. Delhi. 21 March 2015. Retrieved 21 March 2015.

frontline.thehindu.com

Setalvad, Teesta (17 January 2018). "Gory winter". Frontline - The Hindu. Archived from the original on 30 December 2019. Retrieved 4 February 2020.

theprint.in

"Delhi High Court sentences 16 ex-cops to life imprisonment in Hashimpura massacre case". The Print. 31 October 2018. Archived from the original on 21 October 2019. Retrieved 17 March 2020.

thewire.in

"Narendra Modi's Reckless Politics Brings Mob Rule to New Delhi". The Wire. 27 February 2020.

time.com

"Narendra Modi Looks the Other Way as New Delhi Burns". Time. 28 February 2020.
"'Hate Is Being Preached Openly Against Us.' After Delhi Riots, Muslims in India Fear What's Next". Time. 3 March 2020.

twocircles.net

Fatima, Nikhat (17 August 2020). "The forgotten massacre of Muslims in Moradabad, forty years later". TwoCircles.net. Retrieved 16 October 2020.

usnews.com

"As India Counts Dead, Brutality of Hindu-Muslim Riot Emerges". U.S. News. 29 February 2020.

web.archive.org

Rao, Ojaswi; Abraham, Delna (28 June 2017). "86% Dead In Cow-Related Violence Since 2010 Are Muslim; 97% Attacks After 2014". IndiaSpend.com. Archived from the original on 28 September 2017. Retrieved 23 September 2017.
Wilkes, Tommy; Srivastava, Roli (28 June 2017). "Protests held across India after attacks against Muslims". Reuters. Archived from the original on 10 June 2020. Retrieved 11 March 2020.
Varshney 2004. Varshney, Ashutosh (26 March 2004). "Understanding Gujarat Violence". Social Science Research Council. Archived from the original on 21 July 2013. Retrieved 25 June 2013.
"Religious Politics and Communal Violence: Critical Issues in Indian Politics" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 April 2009. Retrieved 30 October 2014.
Brass, Paul. "Riots, Pogroms, and Genocide in Contemporary India: From Partition to the Present". Paul R. Brass. Archived from the original on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 3 June 2013.
"1964: Riots in Calcutta leave more than 100 dead". BBC News. 13 January 1964. Archived from the original on 2 July 2015. Retrieved 7 July 2015.
"Justice out of sight". Vol. 22, no. 10. Frontline. May 2008. pp. 7–20. Archived from the original on 10 August 2008. Retrieved 26 February 2015.
"Hashimpura massacre: Rifles given to PAC". The Times of India. 27 July 2006. Archived from the original on 4 November 2013. Retrieved 12 February 2016.
Hashimpura Massacre: A brutal and bone – chilling action of custodial killings (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 July 2019. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
"Delhi High Court sentences 16 ex-cops to life imprisonment in Hashimpura massacre case". The Print. 31 October 2018. Archived from the original on 21 October 2019. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
"Chronology of communal violence in India". Hindustan Times. 10 February 2013. Archived from the original on 10 February 2013. Retrieved 12 October 2020.
Setalvad, Teesta (17 January 2018). "Gory winter". Frontline - The Hindu. Archived from the original on 30 December 2019. Retrieved 4 February 2020.
Burke, Jason (25 November 2014). "Terror threat to India rising again six years after Mumbai attacks". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 31 January 2017. Retrieved 19 April 2016.
Krishnan & Shams 2012. Krishnan, Murali; Shams, Shamil (11 March 2012). "Modi's clearance in the Gujarat riots case angers Indian Muslims". Deutsche Welle. Archived from the original on 20 October 2014. Retrieved 24 June 2013.
Human Rights Watch 2003. Human Rights Watch (2003). "Compounding Injustice: The Government's Failure to Redress Massacres in Gujarat". Fédération internationale des droits de l'homme. p. 57. Archived from the original on 19 June 2015. Retrieved 4 December 2016.
Dhume, Sadanand (18 April 2019). "Opinion | India's Government Considers a 'Muslim Ban'". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Archived from the original on 23 December 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2020.

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Burke, Jason (25 November 2014). "Terror threat to India rising again six years after Mumbai attacks". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 31 January 2017. Retrieved 19 April 2016.
Dhume, Sadanand (18 April 2019). "Opinion | India's Government Considers a 'Muslim Ban'". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Archived from the original on 23 December 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
"Parzania not screened in Gujarat". The Times of India. 26 January 2007. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 3 February 2025.

wsj.com

Dhume, Sadanand (18 April 2019). "Opinion | India's Government Considers a 'Muslim Ban'". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Archived from the original on 23 December 2019. Retrieved 27 April 2020.

yale.edu

"Religious Politics and Communal Violence: Critical Issues in Indian Politics" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 April 2009. Retrieved 30 October 2014.