Voltaire (English Wikipedia)

Bernd Krysmanski, "Evidence for the homosexuality and the anal erotic desires of the Prussian king" in Does Hogarth depict Old Fritz truthfully with a crooked beak?: the pictures familiar to us from Pesne to Menzel don't show this, ART-Dok (Heidelberg University: arthistoricum.net, 2022), pp. 27–28. doi:10.11588/artdok.00008019.
Sakmann, Paul (1971). "The Problems of Historical Method and of Philosophy of History in Voltaire". History and Theory. 11 (4): 24–59. doi:10.2307/2504245. JSTOR 2504245.
Gay, Peter (1957). "Carl Becker's Heavenly City". Political Science Quarterly. 72 (2): 182–99. doi:10.2307/2145772. JSTOR 2145772.
Brumfitt, J. H. (1965). "The Present State of Voltaire Studies". Forum for Modern Language Studies. I (3). Court of the University of St Andrews: 230. doi:10.1093/fmls/I.3.230.
Mungello, David E. (1971). "Leibniz's Interpretation of Neo-Confucianism". Philosophy East and West. 21 (1). University of Hawaii Press: 3–22. doi:10.2307/1397760. JSTOR 1397760.
Rowbotham, Arnold H. (December 1932). "Voltaire, Sinophile". PMLA. 47 (4): 1050–65. doi:10.2307/457929. JSTOR 457929. S2CID 251028175.
Bailey, Paul (19 July 2002). "Voltaire and Confucius: French attitudes towards China in the early twentieth century". History of European Ideas. 14 (6): 817–37. doi:10.1016/0191-6599(92)90168-C.
Giovannetti-Singh, Gianamar (7 September 2022). "Racial Capitalism in Voltaire's Enlightenment". History Workshop Journal. 94 (84): 22–41. doi:10.1093/hwj/dbac025.
Liu, Wu-Chi (1953). "The Original Orphan of China". Comparative Literature. 5 (3): 206–07. doi:10.2307/1768912. JSTOR 1768912.
Barber, Giles (2004). "Besterman, Theodore Deodatus Nathaniel (1904–1976)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/37189. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

e-enlightenment.com

– "Voltaire to Jean Baptiste Rousseau, c. 1 March 1719". Electronic Enlightenment. Ed. Robert McNamee et al. Vers. 2.1. University of Oxford. 2010. Web. 20 June 2010.

familysecuritymatters.org

Young, Adrian (19 July 2010). "When Franklin Met Voltaire". Family Security Matters. Archived from the original on 8 August 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2018.

ghostarchive.org

Davidson, Ian (9 April 2010). "Voltaire in England". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022.

hanover.edu

history.hanover.edu

"Democracy". The Philosophical Dictionary. Knopf. 1924. Retrieved 1 July 2008.

hathitrust.org

babel.hathitrust.org

Chatterjee, Ramananda, ed. (1922). "Review and Notices of Books: Hindu Culture". The Modern Review. 32: 183.

history-biography.com

"Voltaire". History and biography. 27 July 2018. Retrieved 3 October 2019.

infoplease.com

"Catherine II: | Infoplease". Infoplease.

jstor.org

Sakmann, Paul (1971). "The Problems of Historical Method and of Philosophy of History in Voltaire". History and Theory. 11 (4): 24–59. doi:10.2307/2504245. JSTOR 2504245.
Gay, Peter (1957). "Carl Becker's Heavenly City". Political Science Quarterly. 72 (2): 182–99. doi:10.2307/2145772. JSTOR 2145772.
Elmarsafy, Ziad (2010). "The Enlightenment Qur'an: The Politics of Translation and the Construction of Islam". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 130 (3): 462–64. JSTOR 23044965.
Mungello, David E. (1971). "Leibniz's Interpretation of Neo-Confucianism". Philosophy East and West. 21 (1). University of Hawaii Press: 3–22. doi:10.2307/1397760. JSTOR 1397760.
Rowbotham, Arnold H. (December 1932). "Voltaire, Sinophile". PMLA. 47 (4): 1050–65. doi:10.2307/457929. JSTOR 457929. S2CID 251028175.
Liu, Wu-Chi (1953). "The Original Orphan of China". Comparative Literature. 5 (3): 206–07. doi:10.2307/1768912. JSTOR 1768912.

lexico.com

"Voltaire". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 22 March 2020.

litwinbooks.com

Ruthven, Malise. "Voltaire's Fanaticism, or Mahomet the Prophet:A New Translation; Preface: Voltaire and Islam". Retrieved 12 August 2015.
Malise Ruthven (26 November 2018). "Voltaire's Fanaticism, or Mahomet the Prophet: A New Translation". As Voltaire's knowledge of Islam deepened, he clearly became better disposed towards the faith.

marxists.org

Belinsky, Vissarion Grigoryevich (2001) [1948]. Selected Philosophical Works. University Press of the Pacific. ISBN 978-0-89875-654-8. Retrieved 3 November 2018.

merriam-webster.com

"Voltaire". Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Retrieved 1 August 2019.

natlib.govt.nz

paperspast.natlib.govt.nz

Ashburton Guardian: "A Protest", 21 October 1889

npr.org

Schiff, Stacy (13 January 2011). "'Voltaire In Love': An Ardent, Intellectual Affair". npr books. Retrieved 22 June 2014.

nytimes.com

Johnson, Michael (23 January 2010). "Voltaire the Survivor". The International Herald Tribune. The New York Times Company. Retrieved 4 May 2016.

ox.ac.uk

voltaire.ox.ac.uk

Mason, Haydn. "A history of the Voltaire Foundation" (PDF). Voltaire Foundation. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 4 May 2016.
Julia, Aurélie (October 2011). "Voltaire à Oxford, The Voltaire Foundation". Revue des Deux Mondes (in French). Archived from the original on 1 February 2017. Retrieved 6 May 2016. English translation at Aurélie Julia. "Voltaire in Oxford" (PDF). The Voltaire Foundation. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 6 May 2016.

oxforddnb.com

Barber, Giles (2004). "Besterman, Theodore Deodatus Nathaniel (1904–1976)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/37189. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

quoteinvestigator.com

"Deathbed Remark: This Is No Time To Be Making New Enemies". quoteinvestigator.com. 13 August 2013.

reference.com

dictionary.reference.com

"Voltaire". Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.

revuedesdeuxmondes.fr

rddm.revuedesdeuxmondes.fr

Julia, Aurélie (October 2011). "Voltaire à Oxford, The Voltaire Foundation". Revue des Deux Mondes (in French). Archived from the original on 1 February 2017. Retrieved 6 May 2016. English translation at Aurélie Julia. "Voltaire in Oxford" (PDF). The Voltaire Foundation. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 6 May 2016.

sci.fi

kirjasto.sci.fi

Liukkonen, Petri. "Voltaire". Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi). Finland: Kuusankoski Public Library. Archived from the original on 17 February 2015.

sciencedirect.com

Bailey, Paul (19 July 2002). "Voltaire and Confucius: French attitudes towards China in the early twentieth century". History of European Ideas. 14 (6): 817–37. doi:10.1016/0191-6599(92)90168-C.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Rowbotham, Arnold H. (December 1932). "Voltaire, Sinophile". PMLA. 47 (4): 1050–65. doi:10.2307/457929. JSTOR 457929. S2CID 251028175.

stanford.edu

plato.stanford.edu

Shank, J. B. (2009). "Voltaire". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University.

telegraph.co.uk

Davidson, Ian (9 April 2010). "Voltaire in England". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022.

thegreatdebate.org.uk

"The Life of Voltaire". Thegreatdebate.org.uk. Retrieved 3 August 2009.

theguardian.com

"Meaty arguments". The Guardian. 21 August 2006.

uchicago.edu

humanities.uchicago.edu

"Letter on the subject of Candide, to the Journal encyclopédique July 15, 1759". University of Chicago. Archived from the original on 13 October 2006. Retrieved 7 January 2008.

visitvoltaire.com

"Voltaire and Emilie du Chatelet". Château de Cirey – Residence of Voltaire. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 5 November 2018.

voltaire-integral.com

Voltaire, Essais sur les Mœurs, 1756, Chap. VI. – De l'Arabie et de Mahomet.
Voltaire, Essais sur les Mœurs, 1756, Chap. VII. – De l'Alcoran, et de la loi musulmane. Examen si la religion musulmane était nouvelle, et si elle a été persécutante.
Avez-vous oublié que ce poète était astronome, et qu'il réforma le calendrier des Arabes ?, Lettre civile et honnête à l'auteur malhonnête de la "Critique de l'histoire universelle de M. de Voltaire" (1760), dans Œuvres complètes de Voltaire, Voltaire. Moland, 1875, Vol. 24, p. 164.
Ce fut certainement un très grand homme, et qui forma de grands hommes. Il fallait qu'il fût martyr ou conquérant, il n'y avait pas de milieu. Il vainquit toujours, et toutes ses victoires furent remportées par le petit nombre sur le grand. Conquérant, législateur, monarque et pontife, il joua le plus grand rôle qu'on puisse jouer sur la terre aux yeux du commun des hommes; mais les sages lui préféreront toujours Confutzée, précisément parce qu'il ne fut rien de tout cela, et qu'il se contenta d'enseigner la morale la plus pure à une nation plus ancienne, plus nombreuse, et plus policée que la nation arabe., Remarques pour servir de supplément à l'Essai sur les Mœurs (1763), dans Œuvres complètes de Voltaire, Voltaire. Moland, 1875, Vol. 24, Chap. IX – De Mahomet, p. 590.
Il est évident que le génie du peuple arabe, mis en mouvement par Mahomet, fit tout de lui-même pendant près de trois siècles, et ressembla en cela au génie des anciens Romains., « Essais sur les Mœurs » (1756), dans Œuvres complètes de Voltaire, Voltaire, éd. Moland, 1875, Vol. 11, Chap. VI – De l'Arabie et de Mahomet, p. 237. et écrit que « dans nos siècles de barbarie et d'ignorance, qui suivirent la décadence et le déchirement de l'Empire romain, nous reçûmes presque tout des Arabes : astronomie, chimie, médecine Préface de l'Essai sur l'Histoire universelle » (1754), dans Œuvres complètes de Voltaire, Voltaire, éd. Moland, 1875, Vol. 24, p. 49. Si ces Ismaélites ressemblaient aux Juifs par l'enthousiasme et la soif du pillage, ils étaient prodigieusement supérieurs par le courage, par la grandeur d'âme, par la magnanimité., « Essai sur les Mœurs et l'Esprit des Nations » (1756), dans Œuvres complètes de Voltaire, Voltaire, éd. Moland, 1875, Vol. 11, Chap. VI – De l'Arabie et de Mahomet, p. 231. et que « dès le second siècle de Mahomet, il fallut que les chrétiens d'Occident s'instruisissent chez les musulmans » Essais sur les Mœurs » (1756), dans Œuvres complètes de Voltaire, Voltaire, éd. Moland, 1875, Vol. 11, Chap. VI – De l'Arabie et de Mahomet, p. 237.

web.archive.org

"Voltaire". Lexico UK English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on 22 March 2020.
Liukkonen, Petri. "Voltaire". Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi). Finland: Kuusankoski Public Library. Archived from the original on 17 February 2015.
"Voltaire and Emilie du Chatelet". Château de Cirey – Residence of Voltaire. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 5 November 2018.
"I did not know that: Mason Facts". Archived from the original on 12 January 2007.
Young, Adrian (19 July 2010). "When Franklin Met Voltaire". Family Security Matters. Archived from the original on 8 August 2020. Retrieved 25 June 2018.
"Voltaire". Deism.com. 25 June 2009. Archived from the original on 8 June 2009. Retrieved 3 August 2009.
Voltaire (1763) A Treatise on Toleration
Nasr, Seyyed Hossein. Muhammad. Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 20 March 2016.
"Letter on the subject of Candide, to the Journal encyclopédique July 15, 1759". University of Chicago. Archived from the original on 13 October 2006. Retrieved 7 January 2008.
Mason, Haydn. "A history of the Voltaire Foundation" (PDF). Voltaire Foundation. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 4 May 2016.
Julia, Aurélie (October 2011). "Voltaire à Oxford, The Voltaire Foundation". Revue des Deux Mondes (in French). Archived from the original on 1 February 2017. Retrieved 6 May 2016. English translation at Aurélie Julia. "Voltaire in Oxford" (PDF). The Voltaire Foundation. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 6 May 2016.

wondriumdaily.com

owen.pham (20 August 2021). "The Voltaire–Rousseau Debate and Their Views on Evil". Wondrium Daily. Retrieved 27 June 2023.

worldcat.org

Durant, Will; Ariel Durant (1967). Rousseau and revolution : a history of civilization in France, England, and Germany from 1756, and in the remainder of Europe from 1715 to 1789. New York: Simon and Schuster. p. 134. ISBN 0-671-63058-X. OCLC 4751149.