The Portuguese chronicler António Galvão writes that the discovery of Japan was in 1542, when three Portuguese men stowed away on a Chinese junk in Ayutthaya bound for Shuangyu, but the junk got caught in a storm and drifted to Japan. The mainstream interpretation considers this voyage the same as the one that carried Wang Zhi in 1543 as attested in Japanese sources Teppo-ki (鉄砲記) and the Tanegashima Kafu (種子島家譜). On the other hand, there is an alternative interpretation that sees the two voyages as different and Wang Zhi might have deliberately brought the Portuguese to Japan in pursuit of trade in the second voyage. See Chonlaworn (2017, p. 190) and Miyake (2012, pp. 186–7) Chonlaworn, Piyada (2017). "Rebel with a Cause: Chinese Merchant-Pirates in Southeast Asia in the 16th Century". In Sim, Y. H. Teddy (ed.). The maritime defence of China : Ming general Qi Jiguang and beyond. Singapore: Springer. pp. 187–99. ISBN9789811041631. OCLC993432961. Miyake, Toru (2012). "Wakō to Ōchoku" 倭寇と王直 [Wako and Wang Zhi] (PDF). St. Andrew's University Bulletin of the Research Institute (in Japanese). 37 (3). Osaka: Research Institute of St.Andrew's University: 173–96.
Shi, Yi (3 February 2005). "蘇浙兩教師夜砸"漢奸"墓". People's Daily Online (in Chinese (China)). Retrieved 11 October 2018.
qq.com
news.qq.com
"汉奸王直墓再次挨砸 民政厅称此墓不合法". The Beijing News (in Chinese (China)). 6 February 2005. Retrieved 10 October 2018.
worldcat.org
search.worldcat.org
The Portuguese chronicler António Galvão writes that the discovery of Japan was in 1542, when three Portuguese men stowed away on a Chinese junk in Ayutthaya bound for Shuangyu, but the junk got caught in a storm and drifted to Japan. The mainstream interpretation considers this voyage the same as the one that carried Wang Zhi in 1543 as attested in Japanese sources Teppo-ki (鉄砲記) and the Tanegashima Kafu (種子島家譜). On the other hand, there is an alternative interpretation that sees the two voyages as different and Wang Zhi might have deliberately brought the Portuguese to Japan in pursuit of trade in the second voyage. See Chonlaworn (2017, p. 190) and Miyake (2012, pp. 186–7) Chonlaworn, Piyada (2017). "Rebel with a Cause: Chinese Merchant-Pirates in Southeast Asia in the 16th Century". In Sim, Y. H. Teddy (ed.). The maritime defence of China : Ming general Qi Jiguang and beyond. Singapore: Springer. pp. 187–99. ISBN9789811041631. OCLC993432961. Miyake, Toru (2012). "Wakō to Ōchoku" 倭寇と王直 [Wako and Wang Zhi] (PDF). St. Andrew's University Bulletin of the Research Institute (in Japanese). 37 (3). Osaka: Research Institute of St.Andrew's University: 173–96.
Ptak 1998, p. 288; Ueda 2016, p. 102. Ptak, Roderich (1998). "Sino-Japanese Maritime Trade, circa 1550: Merchants, Ports and Networks". China and the Asian seas : trade, travel and visions of the other (1400–1750). Aldershot: Variorum. pp. 281–331 (VII). ISBN0860787753. Ueda, Makoto (2016). 「徽王」考―王直が描いた政治構想 [Huiwang, The King of Hui: The Political Initiatives of Wang Zhi]. In Koshimura, Isao (ed.). 16, 17-seiki no kaishō, kaizoku : Adoriakai no Usukoku to Higashi Shinakai no Wakō 16・17世紀の海商・海賊 : アドリア海のウスコクと東シナ海の倭寇 [Marine merchants & pirates during the 16th and 17th centuries : Uskok of the Adriatic Sea and Wako of the East China Sea] (in Japanese) (1st ed.). Tōkyō: Sairyusha. pp. 95-116 (right to left). ISBN9784779121463. OCLC946289831. Abridged English translation at pp. 79–92 (left to right).
Ueda 2016, pp. 104–5. Ueda, Makoto (2016). 「徽王」考―王直が描いた政治構想 [Huiwang, The King of Hui: The Political Initiatives of Wang Zhi]. In Koshimura, Isao (ed.). 16, 17-seiki no kaishō, kaizoku : Adoriakai no Usukoku to Higashi Shinakai no Wakō 16・17世紀の海商・海賊 : アドリア海のウスコクと東シナ海の倭寇 [Marine merchants & pirates during the 16th and 17th centuries : Uskok of the Adriatic Sea and Wako of the East China Sea] (in Japanese) (1st ed.). Tōkyō: Sairyusha. pp. 95-116 (right to left). ISBN9784779121463. OCLC946289831. Abridged English translation at pp. 79–92 (left to right).
Chonlaworn 2017, p. 189. Chonlaworn, Piyada (2017). "Rebel with a Cause: Chinese Merchant-Pirates in Southeast Asia in the 16th Century". In Sim, Y. H. Teddy (ed.). The maritime defence of China : Ming general Qi Jiguang and beyond. Singapore: Springer. pp. 187–99. ISBN9789811041631. OCLC993432961.
Chonlaworn 2017, p. 191. Chonlaworn, Piyada (2017). "Rebel with a Cause: Chinese Merchant-Pirates in Southeast Asia in the 16th Century". In Sim, Y. H. Teddy (ed.). The maritime defence of China : Ming general Qi Jiguang and beyond. Singapore: Springer. pp. 187–99. ISBN9789811041631. OCLC993432961.
Lim 2017, pp. 28–29. Lim, Ivy Maria (2017). "Qi Jiguang and Hu Zongxian's Anti-wokou Campaign". In Sim, Y. H. Teddy (ed.). The maritime defence of China : Ming general Qi Jiguang and beyond. Singapore: Springer. pp. 23–41. ISBN9789811041631. OCLC993432961.
