Why is there anything at all (English Wikipedia)

Carroll, Sean M. (2018-02-06). "Why Is There Something, Rather Than Nothing?". arXiv:1802.02231v2 [physics.hist-ph].
Physicist Max Tegmark's speculative mathematical universe hypothesis states that all mathematical structures exist physically, and the physical universe is one of these structures. Tegmark, Max (2008). "The Mathematical Universe". Foundations of Physics. 38 (2): 101–150. arXiv:0704.0646. Bibcode:2008FoPh...38..101T. doi:10.1007/s10701-007-9186-9. S2CID 9890455.
He, Dongshan; Gao, Dongfeng; Cai, Qing-yu (2014-04-03). "Spontaneous creation of the universe from nothing". Physical Review D. 89 (8). arXiv:1404.1207. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.89.083510. ISSN 1550-7998.

books.google.com

Geier, Manfred (2017). Wittgenstein und Heidegger: Die letzten Philosophen (in German). Rowohlt Verlag. p. 166. ISBN 978-3644045118.
Dascal, Marcelo (2008). Leibniz: What Kind of Rationalist?. Springer. p. 452. ISBN 978-1402086687.
Goldschmidt, Tyron (2014). The Puzzle of Existence: Why Is There Something Rather Than Nothing?. Routledge. ISBN 978-1136249228.
Gutting, Gary (2016). Talking God: Philosophers on Belief. W.W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0393352825.^{[page needed]}
Nozick outlined several possible answers to the question:Nozick, Robert (1981). Philosophical Explanations. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-66479-1. Retrieved 2022-06-07.

britannica.com

"First cause | God, Creation, Universe | Britannica". www.britannica.com.
"Nothingness | philosophy | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2023-10-22.

closertotruth.com

"WHY IS THERE ANYTHING AT ALL? (PART 3)". Closer to Truth.
"Brian Leftow – Closer To Truth".
"Dean Rickles – Closer To Truth".
"Michael Kuhn (to Christopher Ishaam) – Closer To Truth".
Bede Rundle (Kanterian, Edward (31 October 2011). "Bede Rundle obituary". The Guardian.) and others have questioned whether nothing is an impossibility, but in the context of there already being an existence, such as God.""Bede Rundle" (Video). Closer to Truth. Retrieved 16 December 2019. "Why there's something rather than nothing". Washington Post. "Levels of Nothing by Robert Lawrence Kuhn – Closer To Truth".

doi.org

Brown, Patterson (1969), Kenny, Anthony (ed.), "Infinite Causal Regression", Aquinas: A Collection of Critical Essays, Modern Studies in Philosophy, London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, pp. 214–236, doi:10.1007/978-1-349-15356-5_9, ISBN 978-1-349-15356-5, retrieved 2023-10-22
Brown, Patterson (1966). "Infinite Causal Regression". The Philosophical Review. 75 (4): 510–525. doi:10.2307/2183226. ISSN 0031-8108. JSTOR 2183226.
Physicist Max Tegmark's speculative mathematical universe hypothesis states that all mathematical structures exist physically, and the physical universe is one of these structures. Tegmark, Max (2008). "The Mathematical Universe". Foundations of Physics. 38 (2): 101–150. arXiv:0704.0646. Bibcode:2008FoPh...38..101T. doi:10.1007/s10701-007-9186-9. S2CID 9890455.
He, Dongshan; Gao, Dongfeng; Cai, Qing-yu (2014-04-03). "Spontaneous creation of the universe from nothing". Physical Review D. 89 (8). arXiv:1404.1207. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.89.083510. ISSN 1550-7998.

earlymoderntexts.com

Monadologie (1714). Nicholas Rescher, trans., 1991. The Monadology: An Edition for Students. Uni. of Pittsburgh Press. Jonathan Bennett's translation. Latta's translation. Archived 2015-11-17 at the Wayback Machine

free.fr

philoctetes.free.fr

"Poem of Parmenides : on nature". philoctetes.free.fr. Retrieved 2 May 2017.

gutenberg.org

"Not how the world is, is the mystical, but that it is", Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus 6.44

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Physicist Max Tegmark's speculative mathematical universe hypothesis states that all mathematical structures exist physically, and the physical universe is one of these structures. Tegmark, Max (2008). "The Mathematical Universe". Foundations of Physics. 38 (2): 101–150. arXiv:0704.0646. Bibcode:2008FoPh...38..101T. doi:10.1007/s10701-007-9186-9. S2CID 9890455.

hedweb.com

"The Fundamental Question". www.hedweb.com. Retrieved 26 April 2017.

jstor.org

Brown, Patterson (1966). "Infinite Causal Regression". The Philosophical Review. 75 (4): 510–525. doi:10.2307/2183226. ISSN 0031-8108. JSTOR 2183226.

newscientist.com

"Metaphysics special: Why is there something rather than nothing?". New Scientist. Retrieved 26 April 2017.

parmenides.me

"Parmenides - Nothing comes from nothing". www.parmenides.me. Retrieved 2023-10-22.

rbjones.com

Monadologie (1714). Nicholas Rescher, trans., 1991. The Monadology: An Edition for Students. Uni. of Pittsburgh Press. Jonathan Bennett's translation. Latta's translation. Archived 2015-11-17 at the Wayback Machine

routledge.com

rep.routledge.com

"Logicism - Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy". www.rep.routledge.com. Retrieved 2023-10-22.

scandalon.co.uk

"Transcript of the Russell/Copleston radio debate". Philosophy of Religion.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Physicist Max Tegmark's speculative mathematical universe hypothesis states that all mathematical structures exist physically, and the physical universe is one of these structures. Tegmark, Max (2008). "The Mathematical Universe". Foundations of Physics. 38 (2): 101–150. arXiv:0704.0646. Bibcode:2008FoPh...38..101T. doi:10.1007/s10701-007-9186-9. S2CID 9890455.

skyatnightmagazine.com

Theories of the events at the earliest stages of universes existence continue to develop, including the Big Bang, initial singularity, big bounce and associated possible distortions of cessations of time. "What was there before the Big Bang?". www.skyatnightmagazine.com.

stanford.edu

plato.stanford.edu

Sorensen, Roy (November 28, 2023). "Nothingness". In Zalta, Edward N.; Nodelman, Uri (eds.). The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University – via Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
Sorensen, Roy (2015). "Nothingness". The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved 26 April 2017.
Cameron, Ross (2022), "Infinite Regress Arguments", in Zalta, Edward N.; Nodelman, Uri (eds.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2022 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, retrieved 2023-10-22
Kant seems to perhaps argue that expecting the laws of nature to apply to this question is misguided, because they cause our experience, rather than are derived from it. "rescues the a priori origin of the pure concepts of the understanding and the validity of the general laws of nature as laws of the understanding, in such a way that their use is limited only to experience, because their possibility has its ground merely in the relation of the understanding to experience, however, not in such a way that they are derived from experience, but that experience is derived from them, a completely reversed kind of connection which never occurred to Hume. (ibid.)" https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/kant-hume-causality/
Brook, Andrew; Wuerth, Julian (August 30, 2023). "Kant's View of the Mind and Consciousness of Self". In Zalta, Edward N.; Nodelman, Uri (eds.). The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University – via Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
Mulligan, Kevin; Correia, Fabrice (November 28, 2021). "Facts". In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University – via Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
Melamed, Yitzhak Y.; Lin, Martin (November 28, 2023). "Principle of Sufficient Reason". In Zalta, Edward N.; Nodelman, Uri (eds.). The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University – via Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy.
Sorensen writes in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy that to many philosophers the question is intrinsically impossible to answer, like squaring a circle, and even God does not sufficiently answer it:
"To explain why something exists, we standardly appeal to the existence of something else... For instance, if we answer 'There is something because the Universal Designer wanted there to be something', then our explanation takes for granted the existence of the Universal Designer. Someone who poses the question in a comprehensive way will not grant the existence of the Universal Designer as a starting point. If the explanation cannot begin with some entity, then it is hard to see how any explanation is feasible. Some philosophers conclude 'Why is there something rather than nothing?' is unanswerable. They think the question stumps us by imposing an impossible explanatory demand, namely, 'Deduce the existence of something without using any existential premises'. Logicians should feel no more ashamed of their inability to perform this deduction than geometers should feel ashamed at being unable to square the circle."
Sorensen, Roy. "Nothingness". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Stanford. Retrieved 20 April 2019.
Tennant, Neil (2017), "Logicism and Neologicism", in Zalta, Edward N. (ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2017 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, retrieved 2023-10-22
Sorensen, Roy (2023), "Nothingness", in Zalta, Edward N.; Nodelman, Uri (eds.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2023 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, retrieved 2023-10-22
Roy Sorensen has argued that curiosity about the impossibility of nothingness is valid, even if it is the case. He has said that curiosity is possible "even when the proposition is known to be a necessary truth." For instance, a "reductio ad absurdum proof that 1 − 1/3 + 1/5 − 1/7 + … converges to π/4" demonstrates that not converging to π/4 is impossible. However, it provides no insight into why not converging to π/4 is impossible. Similarly, it's legitimate to ask why non-existence or "nothingness" is impossible, even if that is the case. Sorensen, Roy (2020). "Nothingness". In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2020 ed.). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. Retrieved 2020-09-07.

strangenotions.com

"5 Reasons Why the Universe Can't Be Merely a Brute Fact : Strange Notions". 12 July 2016.

theguardian.com

Bede Rundle (Kanterian, Edward (31 October 2011). "Bede Rundle obituary". The Guardian.) and others have questioned whether nothing is an impossibility, but in the context of there already being an existence, such as God.""Bede Rundle" (Video). Closer to Truth. Retrieved 16 December 2019. "Why there's something rather than nothing". Washington Post. "Levels of Nothing by Robert Lawrence Kuhn – Closer To Truth".

washingtonpost.com

Bede Rundle (Kanterian, Edward (31 October 2011). "Bede Rundle obituary". The Guardian.) and others have questioned whether nothing is an impossibility, but in the context of there already being an existence, such as God.""Bede Rundle" (Video). Closer to Truth. Retrieved 16 December 2019. "Why there's something rather than nothing". Washington Post. "Levels of Nothing by Robert Lawrence Kuhn – Closer To Truth".

web.archive.org

Monadologie (1714). Nicholas Rescher, trans., 1991. The Monadology: An Edition for Students. Uni. of Pittsburgh Press. Jonathan Bennett's translation. Latta's translation. Archived 2015-11-17 at the Wayback Machine

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Brown, Patterson (1966). "Infinite Causal Regression". The Philosophical Review. 75 (4): 510–525. doi:10.2307/2183226. ISSN 0031-8108. JSTOR 2183226.
He, Dongshan; Gao, Dongfeng; Cai, Qing-yu (2014-04-03). "Spontaneous creation of the universe from nothing". Physical Review D. 89 (8). arXiv:1404.1207. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.89.083510. ISSN 1550-7998.

worldhistory.org

"Parmenides". World History Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2 May 2017.