As per the trial transcript, held by the Idaho Historical Society. Borah later published his address as a pamphlet, taking the opportunity to polish and expand the prose, and biographers have often relied on the later version. See Grover, pp. 70–72. Grover, David H. (February 1963). "Borah and the Haywood Trial". Pacific Historical Review. 32 (1): 65–77. doi:10.2307/4492129. JSTOR4492129.
Johnson 1943, p. 125. Johnson, Claudius O. (June 1943). "When William E. Borah Was Defeated for the United States Senate". The Pacific Historical Review. 12 (2): 125–138. doi:10.2307/3634181. JSTOR3634181.
Johnson 1943, pp. 126–37. Johnson, Claudius O. (June 1943). "When William E. Borah Was Defeated for the United States Senate". The Pacific Historical Review. 12 (2): 125–138. doi:10.2307/3634181. JSTOR3634181.
Grover, pp. 66–67. Grover, David H. (February 1963). "Borah and the Haywood Trial". Pacific Historical Review. 32 (1): 65–77. doi:10.2307/4492129. JSTOR4492129.
Grover, pp. 67–68. Grover, David H. (February 1963). "Borah and the Haywood Trial". Pacific Historical Review. 32 (1): 65–77. doi:10.2307/4492129. JSTOR4492129.
Grover, pp. 71–72. Grover, David H. (February 1963). "Borah and the Haywood Trial". Pacific Historical Review. 32 (1): 65–77. doi:10.2307/4492129. JSTOR4492129.
Maddox 1967, pp. 772–79. Maddox, Robert James (March 1967). "Keeping Cool with Coolidge". The Journal of American History. 53 (4): 772–80. doi:10.2307/1893991. JSTOR1893991.
As per the trial transcript, held by the Idaho Historical Society. Borah later published his address as a pamphlet, taking the opportunity to polish and expand the prose, and biographers have often relied on the later version. See Grover, pp. 70–72. Grover, David H. (February 1963). "Borah and the Haywood Trial". Pacific Historical Review. 32 (1): 65–77. doi:10.2307/4492129. JSTOR4492129.
Braden, pp. 170–73. Braden, Waldo W. (June 1947). "Some Illinois Influences on the Life of William E. Borah". Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society. 40 (2): 168–175. JSTOR40188261.
Braden, p. 174. Braden, Waldo W. (June 1947). "Some Illinois Influences on the Life of William E. Borah". Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society. 40 (2): 168–175. JSTOR40188261.
Johnson 1943, p. 125. Johnson, Claudius O. (June 1943). "When William E. Borah Was Defeated for the United States Senate". The Pacific Historical Review. 12 (2): 125–138. doi:10.2307/3634181. JSTOR3634181.
Cook, p. 196. Cook, Rufus G. (October 1969). "The Political Suicide of Senator Fred T. Dubois of Idaho". The Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 60 (4): 193–198. JSTOR40488686.
Johnson 1943, pp. 126–37. Johnson, Claudius O. (June 1943). "When William E. Borah Was Defeated for the United States Senate". The Pacific Historical Review. 12 (2): 125–138. doi:10.2307/3634181. JSTOR3634181.
Cook, pp. 193, 197–98. Cook, Rufus G. (October 1969). "The Political Suicide of Senator Fred T. Dubois of Idaho". The Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 60 (4): 193–198. JSTOR40488686.
Grover, pp. 66–67. Grover, David H. (February 1963). "Borah and the Haywood Trial". Pacific Historical Review. 32 (1): 65–77. doi:10.2307/4492129. JSTOR4492129.
Grover, pp. 67–68. Grover, David H. (February 1963). "Borah and the Haywood Trial". Pacific Historical Review. 32 (1): 65–77. doi:10.2307/4492129. JSTOR4492129.
Grover, pp. 71–72. Grover, David H. (February 1963). "Borah and the Haywood Trial". Pacific Historical Review. 32 (1): 65–77. doi:10.2307/4492129. JSTOR4492129.
Johnson 1953, pp. 16–17. Johnson, Claudius O. (January 1953). "William E. Borah: The People's Choice". The Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 44 (1): 15–22. JSTOR40486998.
Johnson 1953, pp. 4–9. Johnson, Claudius O. (January 1953). "William E. Borah: The People's Choice". The Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 44 (1): 15–22. JSTOR40486998.
Johnson 1953, pp. 10–21. Johnson, Claudius O. (January 1953). "William E. Borah: The People's Choice". The Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 44 (1): 15–22. JSTOR40486998.
Maddox 1967, pp. 772–79. Maddox, Robert James (March 1967). "Keeping Cool with Coolidge". The Journal of American History. 53 (4): 772–80. doi:10.2307/1893991. JSTOR1893991.
Johnson 1953, pp. 19–20. Johnson, Claudius O. (January 1953). "William E. Borah: The People's Choice". The Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 44 (1): 15–22. JSTOR40486998.
Johnson 1953, p. 21. Johnson, Claudius O. (January 1953). "William E. Borah: The People's Choice". The Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 44 (1): 15–22. JSTOR40486998.
Johnson 1953, p. 22. Johnson, Claudius O. (January 1953). "William E. Borah: The People's Choice". The Pacific Northwest Quarterly. 44 (1): 15–22. JSTOR40486998.
After Darrow gained a second acquittal, for George Pettibone, the charges against the third defendant, Charles Moyer, were dropped. Orchard was tried and convicted; his sentence was reduced from death to life imprisonment because he had turned state's evidence; he died in prison in 1954 at age 88. Haywood was convicted of espionage for his opposition to World War I by federal Judge Kenesaw Mountain Landis, jumping bail to Russia during the appeal and dying in 1928 in Moscow. See McKenna, p. 63. McKenna, Marian C. (1961). Borah. Ann Arbor MI: The University of Michigan Press. OCLC456617.
McKenna, pp. 5–6. McKenna, Marian C. (1961). Borah. Ann Arbor MI: The University of Michigan Press. OCLC456617.
McKenna, pp. 7–9. McKenna, Marian C. (1961). Borah. Ann Arbor MI: The University of Michigan Press. OCLC456617.
McKenna, pp. 10–15. McKenna, Marian C. (1961). Borah. Ann Arbor MI: The University of Michigan Press. OCLC456617.
McKenna, pp. 16–17. McKenna, Marian C. (1961). Borah. Ann Arbor MI: The University of Michigan Press. OCLC456617.
McKenna, pp. 1–5. McKenna, Marian C. (1961). Borah. Ann Arbor MI: The University of Michigan Press. OCLC456617.