World Chess Championship (English Wikipedia)

Weeks, Mark. "World Chess Champions". Archived from the original on 23 April 2008. Retrieved 7 June 2008.
Weeks, M. "FIDE World Chess Championship 1948–1990". Archived from the original on 20 July 2008. Retrieved 16 September 2008.

alice.it

xoomer.alice.it

"I grandi matches 1850–1864". Archived from the original on 16 May 2008. Retrieved 15 September 2008.
"I matches 1880/99". Archived from the original on 24 May 2008. Retrieved 29 May 2008.

aol.com

members.aol.com

"1921 World Chess Championship". Archived from the original on 20 January 2005. Retrieved 4 June 2008. This cites: a report of Lasker's concerns about the location and duration of the match, in "Emanuel Lasker column". New York Evening Post. 15 March 1911.; Capablanca's letter of 20 December 1911 to Lasker, stating his objections to Lasker's proposal; Lasker's letter to Capablanca, breaking off negotiations; Lasker's letter of 27 April 1921 to Alberto Ponce of the Havana Chess Club, proposing to resign the 1921 match; and Ponce's reply, accepting the resignation.
Wilson, F. (1975). Classical Chess Matches, 1907–1913. Dover. ISBN 0-486-23145-3. Archived from the original on 20 January 2005. Retrieved 30 May 2008.

books.google.com

F. M. Edge, The exploits and triumphs, in Europe, of Paul Morphy, 1859 page 115
Walker, George (1850). Chess and Chess-Players. Charles J. Skeet. p. 38.
Staunton, Howard (April 2003). The Chess Tournament. Hardinge Simpole. ISBN 1-84382-089-7. This can be viewed online at or downloaded as PDF from Staunton, Howard (1852). Google books: The Chess Tournament. Archived from the original on 20 March 2022. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
Thulin, A. (August 2007). "Steinitz—Chigorin, Havana 1899 – A World Championship Match or Not?" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 May 2008. Retrieved 6 June 2008. Based on Landsberger, K. (2002). The Steinitz Papers: Letters and Documents of the First World Chess Champion. McFarland. ISBN 0-7864-1193-7. Archived from the original on 30 December 2020. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
"Battle off the boards hots up". The Indian Express. p. 19. Archived from the original on 4 June 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024. Alt URL
Lundstrom, Harold (23 July 1993). "Many Fans Root For Rebels In Fight With Chess Federation". The Deseret News. p. 12. Archived from the original on 4 June 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024. Alt URL

cdlib.org

ark.cdlib.org

Crescendo of the Virtuoso: Spectacle, Skill, and Self-Promotion in Paris during the Age of Revolution Archived 12 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Paul Metzner, Berkeley: University of California Press, c. 1998.

chess.com

Kaufman, Larry (4 September 2023). "Accuracy, Ratings, and GOATs". Chess.com. Archived from the original on 7 September 2023. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
Cox, David (18 July 2019). "Vladimir Kramnik Interview: 'I'm Not Afraid To Lose'". chess.com. Archived from the original on 7 October 2023. Retrieved 21 September 2023. Your reign as champion ended with the 2008 defeat to Vishy Anand.
BREAKING: Carlsen Might Only Defend Title Vs. Firouzja Archived 14 December 2021 at the Wayback Machine, Peter Doggers, chess.com, 21 December 2021

chess24.com

McGourty, Colin (26 June 2015). "Vladimir Kramnik: "It turns out I'm 52, not 40!"". chess24.com. Archived from the original on 7 October 2023. Retrieved 21 September 2023. Most likely I finally felt liberated after losing the World Championship title in 2008.

chessbase.com

Regulations for the 2007 – 2009 World Chess Championship Cycle Archived 10 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine, sections 4 and 5, FIDE online. Undated, but reported in Chessbase on 24 June 2007 Archived 21 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine
"Sofia R7: Topalov beats Kamsky, wins candidates match | Chess News". Chessbase.com. 26 February 2009. Archived from the original on 1 March 2009. Retrieved 26 January 2014.

en.chessbase.com

"Sochi G11: In dramatic finale, Carlsen retains title". ChessBase. 23 November 2014. Archived from the original on 30 November 2014. Retrieved 24 November 2014.

chesscafe.com

Jeremy P. Spinrad. "Early World Rankings" (PDF). Chess Cafe. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 June 2008. Retrieved 6 June 2008.
Kingston, T. (2002). "Yuri Averbakh: An Interview with History – Part 2" (PDF). The Chess Cafe. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 May 2014. Retrieved 16 September 2008.
Donlan, M. "Ed Edmondson Letter" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 December 2008. Retrieved 16 September 2008.
Sosonko, Gennadi (2001). "Remembering Max Euwe Part 1" (PDF). The Chess Cafe. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 August 2011. Retrieved 16 September 2008.

chessgames.com

"New York 1924". chessgames. Archived from the original on 10 January 2009. Retrieved 20 May 2008.
"The chess games of Garry Kasparov". Chessgames.com. Archived from the original on 21 February 2022. Retrieved 21 February 2022.

chesshistory.com

Winter, Edward. "Early Uses of 'World Chess Champion'". Archived from the original on 13 November 2013. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
Winter, Edward (22 September 2023). "Jeremy Silman (1954-2023)". chesshistory.com. Archived from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
The Earl of Mexborough's speech to the meeting of Yorkshire Chess Clubs, as reported in the 1845 Chess Player's Chronicle (with the cover date 1846) – Winter, Edward. "Early Uses of 'World Chess Champion'". Archived from the original on 13 November 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2008.
Early Uses of 'World Chess Champion' Archived 13 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine, Edward G. Winter, 2007
Winter, Edward. "How Capablanca Became World Champion". Archived from the original on 12 March 2018. Retrieved 7 June 2008.
Winter, E. "Capablanca v Alekhine, 1927". Archived from the original on 9 May 2008. Retrieved 9 June 2008. Regarding a possible "two-game lead" clause, Winter cites Capablanca's messages to Julius Finn and Norbert Lederer dated 15 October 1927, in which he proposed that, if the Buenos Aires match were drawn, the second match could be limited to 20 games. Winter cites La Prensa 30 November 1927 for Alekhine's conditions for a return match.
Winter, E. "Chess Notes Archive [17]". Archived from the original on 9 May 2008. Retrieved 15 September 2008. Winter cites: Resolution XI of the 1926 FIDE Congress, regarding the "London Rules"; page 5 of the 1926 Congress' minutes about the initial decision to set up an "official championship of FIDE"; Schweizerische Schachzeitung (September 1927) for FIDE's decision to await the result of the Capablanca–Alekhine match; the minutes of FIDE's 1928 congress for the adoption of the forthcoming 1928 Bologjubow–Euwe match as being for the "FIDE championship" and its congratulations to the winner, Bologjubow; the minutes of FIDE's 1928 congress for Alekhine's agreement and his exception for Capablanca; a resolution of 1928 for the attempt to arrange an Alekhine-Bogoljubow match; subsequent FIDE minutes for the non-occurrence of the match (under FIDE); and the vanishing of the title "Champion of FIDE".
Winter, E. "World Championship Disorder". Archived from the original on 8 December 2008. Retrieved 15 September 2008.
Winter, E. (2003–2004). "Interregnum". Chess History Center. Archived from the original on 6 December 2010. Retrieved 15 September 2008.

chessmaniac.com

"Jose Raul Capablanca: Online Chess Tribute". chessmaniac.com. 28 June 2007. Archived from the original on 13 May 2008. Retrieved 20 May 2008.

chessville.com

Clayton, G. "The Mad Aussie's Chess Trivia – Archive No. 3". Archived from the original on 16 May 2008. Retrieved 9 June 2008.

deseret.com

Lundstrom, Harold (23 July 1993). "Many Fans Root For Rebels In Fight With Chess Federation". The Deseret News. p. 12. Archived from the original on 4 June 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024. Alt URL

edcollins.com

Seirawan, Y. (August 1998). "Whose Title Is it, Anyway?". GAMES Magazine. Archived from the original on 10 December 2008. Retrieved 15 September 2008.

endgame.nl

"New York 1889 and 1924". Archived from the original on 19 June 2008. Retrieved 7 June 2008.

espn.com

"Fischer, outspoken ex-chess champion, dies of kidney failure". ESPN. 19 January 2008. Archived from the original on 16 May 2008. Retrieved 16 September 2008.

fide.com

"FIDE History". FIDE. Archived from the original on 14 November 2008. Retrieved 15 September 2008.
Regulations for the 2007 – 2009 World Chess Championship Cycle Archived 10 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine, sections 4 and 5, FIDE online. Undated, but reported in Chessbase on 24 June 2007 Archived 21 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine
"FIDE World Chess Championship Match – Anand Retains the Title!". Fide.com. 20 April 2010. Archived from the original on 8 March 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
"Magnus Carlsen wins FIDE Candidates' Tournament". Fide.com. 1 April 2013. Archived from the original on 7 May 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
"World Championship Match – PRESS RELEASE". Fide.com. 7 May 2013. Archived from the original on 7 June 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
Arkady Dvorkovich: The match for the chess crown will be postponed to 2021 Archived 1 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine, FIDE, 30 June 2020
"Statement by FIDE President on Magnus Carlsen's announcement". FIDE. 20 July 2022. Archived from the original on 20 July 2022. Retrieved 20 July 2022.

nyc2016.fide.com

"The World Chess Championship comes to New York City 11—30 November 2016 | World Chess". Archived from the original on 25 August 2016. Retrieved 30 November 2016.

worldchampionship.fide.com

Dinic, Milan (30 April 2023). "Ding Liren makes history, becoming World Champion". worldchampionship.fide.com. FIDE. Archived from the original on 24 August 2023. Retrieved 16 May 2023. Ding Liren made history by becoming the 17th World Champion in chess, defeating Ian Nepomniachtchi in the final game of the tiebreaks

wcc.fide.com

"FIDE World Championship Cycle 2023-2024". FIDE. Archived from the original on 30 August 2023. Retrieved 30 April 2023.

geocities.com

Wall. "FIDE History". Archived from the original on 3 August 2009. Retrieved 15 September 2008.

goodreads.com

David Lawson. "Paul Morphy: The Pride and Sorrow of Chess". Archived from the original on 27 December 2022. Retrieved 27 December 2022.

indianexpress.com

"Battle off the boards hots up". The Indian Express. p. 19. Archived from the original on 4 June 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024. Alt URL

jeremysilman.com

Silman, J. "Wilhelm Steinitz". Archived from the original on 17 April 2012.
Topalov Kramnik 2006, book review by Jeremy Silman Archived 12 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine

kramnik.com

Interview with Kramnik Archived 3 September 2008 at the Wayback Machine, 10 July 2008

kwabc.org

Doazan, Gabriel-Éloy (1859). Labourdonnais – Morphy (PDF). p. 4. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 June 2023. Retrieved 9 September 2023. Après Deschapelles et Labourdonnais, il m'a été donné de voir un jeune homme que l'on peut et que l'on doit placer sur la même ligne. Sa supériorité est aussi évidente que la leur. Elle est aussi incontestable et se révèle de la même manière.

loc.gov

lccn.loc.gov

Wade, R. G. (1964). The World Chess Championship 1963. Arco. LCCN 64514341.

mark-weeks.com

1858–59 Paul Morphy Matches Archived 25 June 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Mark Weeks' Chess Pages
1883 London Tournament Archived 13 August 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Mark Weeks' Chess Pages
Weeks, M. "World Chess Championship FIDE Events 1948–1990". Archived from the original on 1 September 2014. Retrieved 15 September 2008.
"Index of FIDE Events 1948–1990 : World Chess Championship". www.mark-weeks.com. Archived from the original on 1 September 2014. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
Weeks, M. "Index of FIDE Events 1948–1990 : World Chess Championship". Archived from the original on 1 September 2014. Retrieved 16 September 2008.
Weeks, M. "World Chess Championship 1972 Fischer – Spassky Title Match:Highlights". Archived from the original on 25 September 2008. Retrieved 16 September 2008.
Weeks, M. "World Chess Championship 1975: Fischer forfeits to Karpov". Archived from the original on 11 December 2008. Retrieved 16 September 2008.

msn.com

encarta.msn.com

"Wilhelm Steinitz". MSN Encarta. Archived from the original on 1 November 2009. Retrieved 7 June 2008.

nytimes.com

Mather, Victor (28 November 2018). "Magnus Carlsen Beats Fabiano Caruana to win the World Chess Championship". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 28 November 2018. Retrieved 28 November 2018.
Victor Mather (20 July 2022). "Lacking Motivation, Magnus Carlsen Will Give Up World Chess Title". New York Times. Archived from the original on 21 July 2022. Retrieved 20 July 2022.

timesmachine.nytimes.com

"Ready for a big chess match" (PDF). The New York Times. 11 March 1894. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 June 2020. Retrieved 13 June 2018.

rafaelleitao.com

"Do You Know The World Chess Champions?". Rafael Leitão. 19 December 2015. Archived from the original on 11 December 2021. Retrieved 24 February 2022.

st-and.ac.uk

www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk

"Lasker biography". Archived from the original on 6 December 2007. Retrieved 31 May 2008.

thearticle.com

Keene, Raymond (13 May 2023). "Shalom Alekhine: Ding joins the chess greats". The Article. Archived from the original on 16 May 2023. Retrieved 16 May 2023. It's reassuring to see that even FIDÉ now subscribes to the canonical view of who has and who has not been world champion. By openly conceding that the Chinese Grandmaster Ding Liren is the 17th champion, FIDÉ have confirmed that the true line of succession is Kasparov (13th champion), Kramnik (14), Anand (15), Carlsen (16) and now Ding Liren (17).

theguardian.com

Graham, Bryan Armen (12 December 2024). "Gukesh Dommaraju becomes youngest world chess champion after horrific Ding Liren blunder". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 12 December 2024.

theweekinchess.com

The Week in Chess 127 Archived 10 February 2020 at the Wayback Machine, 14 April 1997
Kasparov Interview Archived 6 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine, The Week in Chess 206, 19 October 1998

thulin.name

anders.thulin.name

Thulin, A. (August 2007). "Steinitz—Chigorin, Havana 1899 – A World Championship Match or Not?" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 May 2008. Retrieved 6 June 2008. Based on Landsberger, K. (2002). The Steinitz Papers: Letters and Documents of the First World Chess Champion. McFarland. ISBN 0-7864-1193-7. Archived from the original on 30 December 2020. Retrieved 25 October 2020.

tripod.com

mark_weeks.tripod.com

G.W. (July–December 1840). "The Café de la Régence". Fraser's Magazine. 22. Archived from the original on 15 June 2008. Retrieved 6 June 2008. Jeremy Spinrad believes the author was George Walker.

tulanehullabaloo.com

Henshaw, Jack (9 December 2021). "World Chess Championship 2021: Decisively decided? • The Tulane Hullabaloo". The Tulane Hullabaloo. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.

web.archive.org

Henshaw, Jack (9 December 2021). "World Chess Championship 2021: Decisively decided? • The Tulane Hullabaloo". The Tulane Hullabaloo. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
Winter, Edward. "Early Uses of 'World Chess Champion'". Archived from the original on 13 November 2013. Retrieved 19 January 2022.
Winter, Edward (22 September 2023). "Jeremy Silman (1954-2023)". chesshistory.com. Archived from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
Jeremy P. Spinrad. "Early World Rankings" (PDF). Chess Cafe. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 June 2008. Retrieved 6 June 2008.
G.W. (July–December 1840). "The Café de la Régence". Fraser's Magazine. 22. Archived from the original on 15 June 2008. Retrieved 6 June 2008. Jeremy Spinrad believes the author was George Walker.
Crescendo of the Virtuoso: Spectacle, Skill, and Self-Promotion in Paris during the Age of Revolution Archived 12 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine. Paul Metzner, Berkeley: University of California Press, c. 1998.
The Earl of Mexborough's speech to the meeting of Yorkshire Chess Clubs, as reported in the 1845 Chess Player's Chronicle (with the cover date 1846) – Winter, Edward. "Early Uses of 'World Chess Champion'". Archived from the original on 13 November 2013. Retrieved 6 June 2008.
Section "Progress of Chess" in Henry Edward Bird (2004) [1893]. Chess History And Reminiscences. Kessinger. ISBN 1-4191-1280-5. Archived from the original on 28 June 2008. Retrieved 7 June 2008.
Staunton, Howard (April 2003). The Chess Tournament. Hardinge Simpole. ISBN 1-84382-089-7. This can be viewed online at or downloaded as PDF from Staunton, Howard (1852). Google books: The Chess Tournament. Archived from the original on 20 March 2022. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
1858–59 Paul Morphy Matches Archived 25 June 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Mark Weeks' Chess Pages
"I grandi matches 1850–1864". Archived from the original on 16 May 2008. Retrieved 15 September 2008.
Early Uses of 'World Chess Champion' Archived 13 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine, Edward G. Winter, 2007
Doazan, Gabriel-Éloy (1859). Labourdonnais – Morphy (PDF). p. 4. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 June 2023. Retrieved 9 September 2023. Après Deschapelles et Labourdonnais, il m'a été donné de voir un jeune homme que l'on peut et que l'on doit placer sur la même ligne. Sa supériorité est aussi évidente que la leur. Elle est aussi incontestable et se révèle de la même manière.
David Lawson. "Paul Morphy: The Pride and Sorrow of Chess". Archived from the original on 27 December 2022. Retrieved 27 December 2022.
Kaufman, Larry (4 September 2023). "Accuracy, Ratings, and GOATs". Chess.com. Archived from the original on 7 September 2023. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
1883 London Tournament Archived 13 August 2007 at the Wayback Machine, Mark Weeks' Chess Pages
"Ready for a big chess match" (PDF). The New York Times. 11 March 1894. Archived (PDF) from the original on 8 June 2020. Retrieved 13 June 2018.
Weeks, Mark. "World Chess Champions". Archived from the original on 23 April 2008. Retrieved 7 June 2008.
Silman, J. "Wilhelm Steinitz". Archived from the original on 17 April 2012.
"Wilhelm Steinitz". MSN Encarta. Archived from the original on 1 November 2009. Retrieved 7 June 2008.
"Do You Know The World Chess Champions?". Rafael Leitão. 19 December 2015. Archived from the original on 11 December 2021. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
Thulin, A. (August 2007). "Steinitz—Chigorin, Havana 1899 – A World Championship Match or Not?" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 May 2008. Retrieved 6 June 2008. Based on Landsberger, K. (2002). The Steinitz Papers: Letters and Documents of the First World Chess Champion. McFarland. ISBN 0-7864-1193-7. Archived from the original on 30 December 2020. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
"New York 1889 and 1924". Archived from the original on 19 June 2008. Retrieved 7 June 2008.
"I matches 1880/99". Archived from the original on 24 May 2008. Retrieved 29 May 2008.
"1921 World Chess Championship". Archived from the original on 20 January 2005. Retrieved 4 June 2008. This cites: a report of Lasker's concerns about the location and duration of the match, in "Emanuel Lasker column". New York Evening Post. 15 March 1911.; Capablanca's letter of 20 December 1911 to Lasker, stating his objections to Lasker's proposal; Lasker's letter to Capablanca, breaking off negotiations; Lasker's letter of 27 April 1921 to Alberto Ponce of the Havana Chess Club, proposing to resign the 1921 match; and Ponce's reply, accepting the resignation.
Winter, Edward. "How Capablanca Became World Champion". Archived from the original on 12 March 2018. Retrieved 7 June 2008.
Clayton, G. "The Mad Aussie's Chess Trivia – Archive No. 3". Archived from the original on 16 May 2008. Retrieved 9 June 2008.
Winter, E. "Capablanca v Alekhine, 1927". Archived from the original on 9 May 2008. Retrieved 9 June 2008. Regarding a possible "two-game lead" clause, Winter cites Capablanca's messages to Julius Finn and Norbert Lederer dated 15 October 1927, in which he proposed that, if the Buenos Aires match were drawn, the second match could be limited to 20 games. Winter cites La Prensa 30 November 1927 for Alekhine's conditions for a return match.
"Jose Raul Capablanca: Online Chess Tribute". chessmaniac.com. 28 June 2007. Archived from the original on 13 May 2008. Retrieved 20 May 2008.
"From the Editorial Chair". Lasker's Chess Magazine. 1. January 1905. Archived from the original on 16 December 2008. Retrieved 7 June 2008.
Section "Stakes at Chess" in Henry Edward Bird (2004) [1893]. Chess History And Reminiscences. Kessinger. ISBN 1-4191-1280-5. Archived from the original on 28 June 2008. Retrieved 7 June 2008.
"Lasker biography". Archived from the original on 6 December 2007. Retrieved 31 May 2008.
Wilson, F. (1975). Classical Chess Matches, 1907–1913. Dover. ISBN 0-486-23145-3. Archived from the original on 20 January 2005. Retrieved 30 May 2008.
"New York 1924". chessgames. Archived from the original on 10 January 2009. Retrieved 20 May 2008.
Wall. "FIDE History". Archived from the original on 3 August 2009. Retrieved 15 September 2008.
"FIDE History". FIDE. Archived from the original on 14 November 2008. Retrieved 15 September 2008.
Seirawan, Y. (August 1998). "Whose Title Is it, Anyway?". GAMES Magazine. Archived from the original on 10 December 2008. Retrieved 15 September 2008.
Winter, E. "Chess Notes Archive [17]". Archived from the original on 9 May 2008. Retrieved 15 September 2008. Winter cites: Resolution XI of the 1926 FIDE Congress, regarding the "London Rules"; page 5 of the 1926 Congress' minutes about the initial decision to set up an "official championship of FIDE"; Schweizerische Schachzeitung (September 1927) for FIDE's decision to await the result of the Capablanca–Alekhine match; the minutes of FIDE's 1928 congress for the adoption of the forthcoming 1928 Bologjubow–Euwe match as being for the "FIDE championship" and its congratulations to the winner, Bologjubow; the minutes of FIDE's 1928 congress for Alekhine's agreement and his exception for Capablanca; a resolution of 1928 for the attempt to arrange an Alekhine-Bogoljubow match; subsequent FIDE minutes for the non-occurrence of the match (under FIDE); and the vanishing of the title "Champion of FIDE".
Winter, E. "World Championship Disorder". Archived from the original on 8 December 2008. Retrieved 15 September 2008.
Winter, E. (2003–2004). "Interregnum". Chess History Center. Archived from the original on 6 December 2010. Retrieved 15 September 2008.
Weeks, M. "World Chess Championship FIDE Events 1948–1990". Archived from the original on 1 September 2014. Retrieved 15 September 2008.
"Index of FIDE Events 1948–1990 : World Chess Championship". www.mark-weeks.com. Archived from the original on 1 September 2014. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
Kingston, T. (2002). "Yuri Averbakh: An Interview with History – Part 2" (PDF). The Chess Cafe. Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 May 2014. Retrieved 16 September 2008.
Weeks, M. "Index of FIDE Events 1948–1990 : World Chess Championship". Archived from the original on 1 September 2014. Retrieved 16 September 2008.
Weeks, M. "FIDE World Chess Championship 1948–1990". Archived from the original on 20 July 2008. Retrieved 16 September 2008.
Donlan, M. "Ed Edmondson Letter" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 December 2008. Retrieved 16 September 2008.
Sosonko, Gennadi (2001). "Remembering Max Euwe Part 1" (PDF). The Chess Cafe. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 August 2011. Retrieved 16 September 2008.
"Fischer, outspoken ex-chess champion, dies of kidney failure". ESPN. 19 January 2008. Archived from the original on 16 May 2008. Retrieved 16 September 2008.
Weeks, M. "World Chess Championship 1972 Fischer – Spassky Title Match:Highlights". Archived from the original on 25 September 2008. Retrieved 16 September 2008.
Weeks, M. "World Chess Championship 1975: Fischer forfeits to Karpov". Archived from the original on 11 December 2008. Retrieved 16 September 2008.
"The chess games of Garry Kasparov". Chessgames.com. Archived from the original on 21 February 2022. Retrieved 21 February 2022.
"Battle off the boards hots up". The Indian Express. p. 19. Archived from the original on 4 June 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024. Alt URL
Lundstrom, Harold (23 July 1993). "Many Fans Root For Rebels In Fight With Chess Federation". The Deseret News. p. 12. Archived from the original on 4 June 2024. Retrieved 4 June 2024. Alt URL
The Week in Chess 127 Archived 10 February 2020 at the Wayback Machine, 14 April 1997
Kasparov Interview Archived 6 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine, The Week in Chess 206, 19 October 1998
Topalov Kramnik 2006, book review by Jeremy Silman Archived 12 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine
Interview with Kramnik Archived 3 September 2008 at the Wayback Machine, 10 July 2008
McGourty, Colin (26 June 2015). "Vladimir Kramnik: "It turns out I'm 52, not 40!"". chess24.com. Archived from the original on 7 October 2023. Retrieved 21 September 2023. Most likely I finally felt liberated after losing the World Championship title in 2008.
Cox, David (18 July 2019). "Vladimir Kramnik Interview: 'I'm Not Afraid To Lose'". chess.com. Archived from the original on 7 October 2023. Retrieved 21 September 2023. Your reign as champion ended with the 2008 defeat to Vishy Anand.
Regulations for the 2007 – 2009 World Chess Championship Cycle Archived 10 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine, sections 4 and 5, FIDE online. Undated, but reported in Chessbase on 24 June 2007 Archived 21 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine
"Sofia R7: Topalov beats Kamsky, wins candidates match | Chess News". Chessbase.com. 26 February 2009. Archived from the original on 1 March 2009. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
"FIDE World Chess Championship Match – Anand Retains the Title!". Fide.com. 20 April 2010. Archived from the original on 8 March 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
"Magnus Carlsen wins FIDE Candidates' Tournament". Fide.com. 1 April 2013. Archived from the original on 7 May 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
"World Championship Match – PRESS RELEASE". Fide.com. 7 May 2013. Archived from the original on 7 June 2013. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
"Sochi G11: In dramatic finale, Carlsen retains title". ChessBase. 23 November 2014. Archived from the original on 30 November 2014. Retrieved 24 November 2014.
"The World Chess Championship comes to New York City 11—30 November 2016 | World Chess". Archived from the original on 25 August 2016. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
Mather, Victor (28 November 2018). "Magnus Carlsen Beats Fabiano Caruana to win the World Chess Championship". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 28 November 2018. Retrieved 28 November 2018.
Arkady Dvorkovich: The match for the chess crown will be postponed to 2021 Archived 1 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine, FIDE, 30 June 2020
BREAKING: Carlsen Might Only Defend Title Vs. Firouzja Archived 14 December 2021 at the Wayback Machine, Peter Doggers, chess.com, 21 December 2021
"Statement by FIDE President on Magnus Carlsen's announcement". FIDE. 20 July 2022. Archived from the original on 20 July 2022. Retrieved 20 July 2022.
Victor Mather (20 July 2022). "Lacking Motivation, Magnus Carlsen Will Give Up World Chess Title". New York Times. Archived from the original on 21 July 2022. Retrieved 20 July 2022.
Dinic, Milan (30 April 2023). "Ding Liren makes history, becoming World Champion". worldchampionship.fide.com. FIDE. Archived from the original on 24 August 2023. Retrieved 16 May 2023. Ding Liren made history by becoming the 17th World Champion in chess, defeating Ian Nepomniachtchi in the final game of the tiebreaks
Keene, Raymond (13 May 2023). "Shalom Alekhine: Ding joins the chess greats". The Article. Archived from the original on 16 May 2023. Retrieved 16 May 2023. It's reassuring to see that even FIDÉ now subscribes to the canonical view of who has and who has not been world champion. By openly conceding that the Chinese Grandmaster Ding Liren is the 17th champion, FIDÉ have confirmed that the true line of succession is Kasparov (13th champion), Kramnik (14), Anand (15), Carlsen (16) and now Ding Liren (17).
"FIDE World Championship Cycle 2023-2024". FIDE. Archived from the original on 30 August 2023. Retrieved 30 April 2023.

wikisource.org

en.wikisource.org

Section "Progress of Chess" in Henry Edward Bird (2004) [1893]. Chess History And Reminiscences. Kessinger. ISBN 1-4191-1280-5. Archived from the original on 28 June 2008. Retrieved 7 June 2008.
"From the Editorial Chair". Lasker's Chess Magazine. 1. January 1905. Archived from the original on 16 December 2008. Retrieved 7 June 2008.
Section "Stakes at Chess" in Henry Edward Bird (2004) [1893]. Chess History And Reminiscences. Kessinger. ISBN 1-4191-1280-5. Archived from the original on 28 June 2008. Retrieved 7 June 2008.

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Graham, Bryan Armen (12 December 2024). "Gukesh Dommaraju becomes youngest world chess champion after horrific Ding Liren blunder". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 12 December 2024.