Yellow Emperor (English Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Yellow Emperor" in English language version.

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Birrell 1993, p. 48. Birrell, Anne (1993), Chinese Mythology: An Introduction, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, ISBN 0-8018-4595-5, 0-8018-6183-7.
Ching, Julia (1996). "East Asian Religions". In Oxtoby, Willard Gurdon (ed.). World Religions: Eastern Traditions (1st ed.). Don Mills, Ontario: Oxford University Press. pp. 355–356. ISBN 0195407504. OL 574352M. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
Wu 1982, pp. 49–50, and chapter endnotes. Wu, Kuo-cheng (1982), The Chinese Heritage, New York: Crown, ISBN 0-517-54475-X.

archives-ouvertes.fr (Global: 1,031^st place; English: 879^th place)

hal-ephe.archives-ouvertes.fr

Espesset 2007, p. 1080. Espesset, Grégoire (2007), "Latter Han religious mass movements and the early Daoist church", in Lagerwey, John; Kalinowski, Marc (eds.), Early Chinese Religion: Part One: Shang Through Han (1250 BC–220 AD), Leiden: Brill, pp. 1061–1102, ISBN 978-90-04-16835-0
Espesset (2007), pp. 22–28. Espesset, Grégoire (2007), "Latter Han religious mass movements and the early Daoist church", in Lagerwey, John; Kalinowski, Marc (eds.), Early Chinese Religion: Part One: Shang Through Han (1250 BC–220 AD), Leiden: Brill, pp. 1061–1102, ISBN 978-90-04-16835-0

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; English: 3^rd place)

Fowler (2005), pp. 200–201. Fowler, Jeanine D. (2005), An Introduction to the Philosophy and Religion of Taoism: Pathways to Immortality, Sussex Academic Press, ISBN 1845190866^{[permanent dead link]}
Witzel, Morgen (6 December 2019). A History of Leadership. Routledge. p. 89. ISBN 978-1-351-66649-7. The Yellow Emperor, who was believed to be the ancestor of the Chinese people and who was – and remains – a symbol of Chinese nationalism.
Allan 1991, p. 65. ——— (1991), The Shape of the Turtle, Albany, NY: SUNY Press, ISBN 0-7914-0460-9.
Engelhardt (2008), pp. 504-505. Engelhardt, Ute (2008), "Huangdi" 黃帝, in Pregadio, Fabrizio (ed.), The Encyclopedia of Taoism, Routledge, pp. 504–6, ISBN 978-1135796341
Sun & Kistemaker (1997), pp. 120–123. Sun, Xiaochun; Kistemaker, Jacob (1997), The Chinese Sky During the Han: Constellating Stars and Society, Brill, Bibcode:1997csdh.book.....S, ISBN 9004107371
Sun & Kistemaker (1997), p. 120. Sun, Xiaochun; Kistemaker, Jacob (1997), The Chinese Sky During the Han: Constellating Stars and Society, Brill, Bibcode:1997csdh.book.....S, ISBN 9004107371
Allan 1991, p. 64. ——— (1991), The Shape of the Turtle, Albany, NY: SUNY Press, ISBN 0-7914-0460-9.
Allan 1991, p. 65. ——— (1991), The Shape of the Turtle, Albany, NY: SUNY Press, ISBN 0-7914-0460-9.
Lewis 1990, p. 314, note 116 (huang 黄 as variant); Allan 1991, p. 65 (huang 黄 as taboo character). Lewis, Mark Edward (1990), Sanctioned Violence in Early China, Albany, NY: SUNY Press, ISBN 0-7914-0076-X; 0-7914-0077-8. ——— (1991), The Shape of the Turtle, Albany, NY: SUNY Press, ISBN 0-7914-0460-9.
Allan 1991, p. 175. ——— (1991), The Shape of the Turtle, Albany, NY: SUNY Press, ISBN 0-7914-0460-9.
Allan 1991, p. 73. ——— (1991), The Shape of the Turtle, Albany, NY: SUNY Press, ISBN 0-7914-0460-9.
Allan 1991, pp. 64, 73, 175: "In the Xia annals of the Shiji, the Xia ancestry is traced from Yu 禹 back to Huang Di, the Yellow Lord"; "the lord of the underworld and Yellow Springs and thus closely associated with the Xia"; "By the Han, their [the Xia] ancestor, the Yellow Emperor, originally the lord of the underworld, had been transformed into an historical figure who, with his descendant Zhuan Xu, ruled before Yao". ——— (1991), The Shape of the Turtle, Albany, NY: SUNY Press, ISBN 0-7914-0460-9.
Engelhardt 2008, p. 506. Engelhardt, Ute (2008), "Huangdi" 黃帝, in Pregadio, Fabrizio (ed.), The Encyclopedia of Taoism, Routledge, pp. 504–6, ISBN 978-1135796341
Komjathy 2013, pp. 173 (date of the Yinfujing and 186, note 77 (rest of the information). Komjathy, Louis (2013), The Way of Complete Perfection: A Quanzhen Daoist Anthology, Albany, NY: SUNY Press, ISBN 978-1-4384-4651-6
Duara 1995, p. 76. Duara, Prasenjit (1995), Rescuing History from the Nation: Questioning Narratives of Modern China, Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, ISBN 978-0-226-16722-0
Dikötter 1992, p. 116. Dikötter, Frank (1992), The Discourse of Race in Modern China, London: Hurst & Co, ISBN 1-85065-135-3
Dikötter 1992, pp. 117–18. Dikötter, Frank (1992), The Discourse of Race in Modern China, London: Hurst & Co, ISBN 1-85065-135-3
Dikötter 1992, p. 117. Dikötter, Frank (1992), The Discourse of Race in Modern China, London: Hurst & Co, ISBN 1-85065-135-3
Chow 1997, p. 49. Chow, Kai-wing (1997), "Imagining Boundaries of Blood: Zhang Binglin and the Invention of the Han 'Race' in Modern China", in Dikötter, Frank (ed.), The Construction of Racial Identities in China and Japan: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives, Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, pp. 34–52, ISBN 962-209-443-0.
Sun 2000, pp. 77–78; Dikötter 1992, p. 116, note 73. Sun Longji (孙隆基) (2000), "Qingji minzu zhuyi yu Huangdi chongbai zhi faming" 清季民族主义与黄帝崇拜之发明 [Qing-period nationalism and the invention of the worship of Huangdi], Lishi Yanjiu 历史研究, 2000 (3): 68–79, archived from the original on March 31, 2012, retrieved November 7, 2011. Dikötter, Frank (1992), The Discourse of Race in Modern China, London: Hurst & Co, ISBN 1-85065-135-3
Dikötter 1992, p. 116, note 73. Dikötter, Frank (1992), The Discourse of Race in Modern China, London: Hurst & Co, ISBN 1-85065-135-3
Chow 2001, p. 59. ——— (2001), "Narrating Nation, Race, and National Culture: Imagining the Hanzu Identity in Modern China", in Chow, Kai-wing; Doak, Kevin Michael; Fu, Poshek (eds.), Constructing Nationhood in Modern East Asia, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, pp. 47–84, ISBN 0-472-09735-0, 0-472-06735-4.
Duara 1995, p. 75. Duara, Prasenjit (1995), Rescuing History from the Nation: Questioning Narratives of Modern China, Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, ISBN 978-0-226-16722-0
Dikötter 1992, pp. 71 and 117 ("racial loyalty was perceived as an extension of lineage loyalty"; Hon 2010, p. 150 ("call to arms.... to wage a racial war against the Manchus"). Dikötter, Frank (1992), The Discourse of Race in Modern China, London: Hurst & Co, ISBN 1-85065-135-3 ——— (2010), "From a Hierarchy in Time to a Hierarchy in Space: The Meanings of Sino-Babylonianism in Early Twentieth-Century China", Modern China, 36 (2): 136–69, doi:10.1177/0097700409345126, S2CID 144710078.
Sautman 1997, pp. 79–80. Sautman, Barry (1997), "Myths of Descent, Racial Nationalism and Ethnic Minorities in the People's Republic of China", in Dikötter, Frank (ed.), The Construction of Racial Identities in China and Japan: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives, Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, pp. 75–95, ISBN 962-209-443-0.
Sautman 1997, p. 80. Sautman, Barry (1997), "Myths of Descent, Racial Nationalism and Ethnic Minorities in the People's Republic of China", in Dikötter, Frank (ed.), The Construction of Racial Identities in China and Japan: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives, Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, pp. 75–95, ISBN 962-209-443-0.
Sautman 1997, pp. 80–81. Sautman, Barry (1997), "Myths of Descent, Racial Nationalism and Ethnic Minorities in the People's Republic of China", in Dikötter, Frank (ed.), The Construction of Racial Identities in China and Japan: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives, Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, pp. 75–95, ISBN 962-209-443-0.
Sautman 1997, p. 81. Sautman, Barry (1997), "Myths of Descent, Racial Nationalism and Ethnic Minorities in the People's Republic of China", in Dikötter, Frank (ed.), The Construction of Racial Identities in China and Japan: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives, Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, pp. 75–95, ISBN 962-209-443-0.
Crompton 2003, p. 214. Crompton, Louis (2003), Homosexuality and Civilization, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, ISBN 978-0-674-02233-1.
Sautman 1997, p. 83. Sautman, Barry (1997), "Myths of Descent, Racial Nationalism and Ethnic Minorities in the People's Republic of China", in Dikötter, Frank (ed.), The Construction of Racial Identities in China and Japan: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives, Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, pp. 75–95, ISBN 962-209-443-0.
Wang 2000, pp. 168–169. Wang, Aihe (2000), Cosmology and Political Culture in Early China, Cambridge, Eng.: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-62420-7
Engelhardt 2008, p. 505. Engelhardt, Ute (2008), "Huangdi" 黃帝, in Pregadio, Fabrizio (ed.), The Encyclopedia of Taoism, Routledge, pp. 504–6, ISBN 978-1135796341
Sautman 1997, p. 79. Sautman, Barry (1997), "Myths of Descent, Racial Nationalism and Ethnic Minorities in the People's Republic of China", in Dikötter, Frank (ed.), The Construction of Racial Identities in China and Japan: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives, Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, pp. 75–95, ISBN 962-209-443-0.
Yang, An & Turner 2005, p. 143. Yang, Lihui; An, Deming; Turner, Jessica Anderson (2005), Handbook of Chinese Mythology, Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-533263-6
Mungello 1989, p. 132. Mungello, David E. (1989) [1985], Curious Land: Jesuit Accommodation and the Origins of Sinology, Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, ISBN 0-8248-1219-0.

britannica.com (Global: 40^th place; English: 58^th place)

"Huangdi". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 22 May 2023.

china.org.cn (Global: 1,653^rd place; English: 1,397^th place)

China.org.cn, "Mausoleums of the Yellow Emperor." Retrieved on 2010-08-29.

chinadaily.net (Global: low place; English: low place)

"10,000 Chinese pay homage to Yellow Emperor", China daily, 4 September 2010^{[permanent dead link]}.

chinapost.com.tw (Global: 6,266^th place; English: 4,133^rd place)

"President Ma pays homage in person to the Yellow Emperor", China post, Formosa, 4 September 2010, archived from the original on 10 September 2012.

ctext.org (Global: 3,313^th place; English: 3,698^th place)

Sima Qian; Sima Tan (1739) [90s BCE]. "五帝本紀". Shiji 史記 [Records of the Grand Historian] (in Chinese and English) (punctuated ed.). Beijing: Imperial Household Department – via Chinese Text Project.
Shanhaijing Ch. 7 quote: "軒轅之國 [...] 人面蛇身, 尾交首上."
Xu, Shen. "13: 女部". In Sturgeon, Donald (ed.). 說文解字 [Shuowen Jiezi] (in Literary Chinese) (Digitised ed.). China: Chinese Text Project. Archived from the original on 2 July 2025. Retrieved 2 July 2025. 姬：黄帝居姬水，以为姓。从女𦣞声。

dartmouth.edu (Global: 2,242^nd place; English: 1,513^th place)

Pulleyblank 2000, p. 14, note 39. Pulleyblank, Edwin G. (2000), "Ji 姬 and Jiang 姜: The Role of Exogamic Clans in the Organization of the Zhou Polity" (PDF), Early China, 25: 1–27, doi:10.1017/S0362502800004259, JSTOR 23354272, S2CID 162159081, archived from the original (PDF) on 18 November 2017, retrieved 28 September 2016.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; English: 2^nd place)

Su 2017, p. 50 Su Xiaowei (蘇曉威) (2017), "Researching the Image of the Yellow Emperor in China's Early Textual Sources and Archaeological Materials", Journal of Chinese Humanities, 3, translated by Caterina Weber, Brill: 48–71, doi:10.1163/23521341-12340043
Allan 1984, p. 245: "Only after the 'First Emperor' of Qin styled himself Shi Huangdi, did huangdi come to refer to an earthly ruler rather than the August Lord" Allan, Sarah (1984), "The Myth of the Xia Dynasty", The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 116 (2): 242–256, doi:10.1017/S0035869X00163580, JSTOR 25211710, S2CID 162347912
Mathieu 1984, p. 29, p. 243. Mathieu, Rémi (1984), "La Patte de l'ours" [The bear's paw], L'Homme (in French), 24 (1): 5–42, doi:10.3406/hom.1984.368468, JSTOR 25132024
Su 2017, p. 50 Su Xiaowei (蘇曉威) (2017), "Researching the Image of the Yellow Emperor in China's Early Textual Sources and Archaeological Materials", Journal of Chinese Humanities, 3, translated by Caterina Weber, Brill: 48–71, doi:10.1163/23521341-12340043
LeBlanc 1985–1986, p. 53 (quotation); Seidel 1969, p. 21 (who calls it "the most ancient document on Huangdi" ["le plus ancient document sur Houang Ti"]); Jan 1981, p. 118 (who calls the inscription "the earliest existing and datable source of the Yellow Emperor cult" and claims that the vessel dates either from 375 or 356 BC; Chang 2007, p. 122 (who gives the date as 356 BCE); Puett 2001, p. 112 (Huangdi's "first appearance in early Chinese literature is a passing reference in a bronze inscription, where he is mentioned as an ancestor of the patron of the vessel"); Yates 1997, p. 18 ("earliest extant reference" to Huangdi is "in a bronze inscription dedicated by King Wei" (r. 357–320); von Glahn 2004, p. 38 (which calls Qi "the dominant state in eastern China" at the time). LeBlanc, Charles (1985–1986), "A Re-examination of the Myth of Huang-ti", Journal of Chinese Religions, 13–14: 45–63, doi:10.1179/073776985805308158. Seidel, Anna K (1969), La divinisation de Lao Tseu dans le taoisme des Han [The divinization of Laozi in Han-dynasty Taoism] (in French), Paris: École française d'Extrême-Orient, ISBN 2-85539-553-4. Jan, Yün-hua (1981), "The Change of Images: The Yellow Emperor in Ancient Chinese Literature", Journal of Oriental Studies, 19 (2): 117–137. Chang, Chun-shu (2007), The Rise of the Chinese Empire, vol. 1. Nation, State, and Imperialism in Early China, ca. 1600 BC – AD 157, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, ISBN 978-0-472-11533-4. Puett, Michael (2001), The Ambivalence of Creation: Debates Concerning Innovation and Artifice in Early China, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, ISBN 0-8047-3623-5. Yates, Robin D.S. (1997), Five Lost Classics: Tao, Huang-Lao, and Yin-Yang in Han China, New York: Ballantine, ISBN 978-0-345-36538-5.
Puett 2002, p. 303 ("centralized statecraft"; LeBlanc 1985–1986, pp. 50–51 ("paradigmatic emperorship"). ——— (2002), To Become a God: Cosmology, Sacrifice, and Self-Divinization in Early China, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, ISBN 0-674-01643-2. LeBlanc, Charles (1985–1986), "A Re-examination of the Myth of Huang-ti", Journal of Chinese Religions, 13–14: 45–63, doi:10.1179/073776985805308158.
Zhang Hanmo (張瀚墨) (8 February 2017). "From Myth to History: Historicizing a Sage for the Sake of Persuasion in the Yellow Emperor Narratives". Journal of Chinese Humanities. 3 (1). Brill: 91–116 at p. 100. doi:10.1163/23521341-12340045. ISSN 2352-1333.
Hon 2010, p. 140. ——— (2010), "From a Hierarchy in Time to a Hierarchy in Space: The Meanings of Sino-Babylonianism in Early Twentieth-Century China", Modern China, 36 (2): 136–69, doi:10.1177/0097700409345126, S2CID 144710078.
Hon 2010, p. 145. ——— (2010), "From a Hierarchy in Time to a Hierarchy in Space: The Meanings of Sino-Babylonianism in Early Twentieth-Century China", Modern China, 36 (2): 136–69, doi:10.1177/0097700409345126, S2CID 144710078.
Shen & Rui 2024, p. 2. Shen, Fuwei; Rui, Lyu (2024), Cultural Communications Between China and The Outside World Throughout History, Singapore: Palgrave Macmillan, doi:10.1007/978-981-97-4696-5, ISBN 978-981-97-4695-8
Hon 2010, pp. 145–47. ——— (2010), "From a Hierarchy in Time to a Hierarchy in Space: The Meanings of Sino-Babylonianism in Early Twentieth-Century China", Modern China, 36 (2): 136–69, doi:10.1177/0097700409345126, S2CID 144710078.
Hon 2010, p. 149. ——— (2010), "From a Hierarchy in Time to a Hierarchy in Space: The Meanings of Sino-Babylonianism in Early Twentieth-Century China", Modern China, 36 (2): 136–69, doi:10.1177/0097700409345126, S2CID 144710078.
Hon 2010, p. 150. ——— (2010), "From a Hierarchy in Time to a Hierarchy in Space: The Meanings of Sino-Babylonianism in Early Twentieth-Century China", Modern China, 36 (2): 136–69, doi:10.1177/0097700409345126, S2CID 144710078.
Hon 2010, pp. 151–52. ——— (2010), "From a Hierarchy in Time to a Hierarchy in Space: The Meanings of Sino-Babylonianism in Early Twentieth-Century China", Modern China, 36 (2): 136–69, doi:10.1177/0097700409345126, S2CID 144710078.
Hon 2010, p. 153. ——— (2010), "From a Hierarchy in Time to a Hierarchy in Space: The Meanings of Sino-Babylonianism in Early Twentieth-Century China", Modern China, 36 (2): 136–69, doi:10.1177/0097700409345126, S2CID 144710078.
Hon 2010, p. 154. ——— (2010), "From a Hierarchy in Time to a Hierarchy in Space: The Meanings of Sino-Babylonianism in Early Twentieth-Century China", Modern China, 36 (2): 136–69, doi:10.1177/0097700409345126, S2CID 144710078.
Hon 2003, pp. 253–54. Hon, Tze-ki (2003), "National Essence, National Learning, and Culture: Historical Writings in Guocui xuebao, Xueheng, and Guoxue jikan" (PDF), Historiography East and West, 1 (2): 242–86, doi:10.1163/157018603774004511.
Dikötter 1992, pp. 71 and 117 ("racial loyalty was perceived as an extension of lineage loyalty"; Hon 2010, p. 150 ("call to arms.... to wage a racial war against the Manchus"). Dikötter, Frank (1992), The Discourse of Race in Modern China, London: Hurst & Co, ISBN 1-85065-135-3 ——— (2010), "From a Hierarchy in Time to a Hierarchy in Space: The Meanings of Sino-Babylonianism in Early Twentieth-Century China", Modern China, 36 (2): 136–69, doi:10.1177/0097700409345126, S2CID 144710078.
Liu 1999, pp. 608–9. Liu Li (1999), "Who were the ancestors? The origins of Chinese ancestral culture and racial myths", Antiquity, 73 (281): 602–13, doi:10.1017/S0003598X00065170, S2CID 163123858.
Liu 1999, p. 609. Liu Li (1999), "Who were the ancestors? The origins of Chinese ancestral culture and racial myths", Antiquity, 73 (281): 602–13, doi:10.1017/S0003598X00065170, S2CID 163123858.
Schoenhals 2008, pp. 121–22. Schoenhals, Michael (2008), "Abandoned or Merely Lost in Translation?", Inner Asia, 10 (1), (subscription required): 113–30, doi:10.1163/000000008793066777, JSTOR 23615059.
Pulleyblank 2000, p. 14, note 39. Pulleyblank, Edwin G. (2000), "Ji 姬 and Jiang 姜: The Role of Exogamic Clans in the Organization of the Zhou Polity" (PDF), Early China, 25: 1–27, doi:10.1017/S0362502800004259, JSTOR 23354272, S2CID 162159081, archived from the original (PDF) on 18 November 2017, retrieved 28 September 2016.

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; English: 17^th place)

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Sun & Kistemaker (1997), pp. 120–123. Sun, Xiaochun; Kistemaker, Jacob (1997), The Chinese Sky During the Han: Constellating Stars and Society, Brill, Bibcode:1997csdh.book.....S, ISBN 9004107371
Sun & Kistemaker (1997), p. 120. Sun, Xiaochun; Kistemaker, Jacob (1997), The Chinese Sky During the Han: Constellating Stars and Society, Brill, Bibcode:1997csdh.book.....S, ISBN 9004107371

ifeng.com (Global: 542^nd place; English: 1,564^th place)

big5.ifeng.com

iFeng.com, "The traitor Bai Ze" 背叛者白澤 Archived July 20, 2011, at the Wayback Machine (in Chinese); from Xu 2008. Retrieved on 2010-09-04. Xu Lai (徐来) (2008), Xiangxiang zhong de dongwu: shanggu shidai de qiyi niaoshou 想象中的动物: 上古时代的奇异鸟兽 [Imaginary animals: the strange bird-beasts of high antiquity] (in Chinese), Shanghai: Shanghai Wenyi Chubanshe 上海文艺出版社, ISBN 978-7-80685-826-4

jhu.edu (Global: 699^th place; English: 479^th place)

muse.jhu.edu

Poo 2011, p. 20. Poo, Mu-chou (2011), "Preparation for the Afterlife in Ancient China", in Amy Olberding; Philip J. Ivanhoe (eds.), Mortality in Traditional Chinese Thought, Albany, NY: SUNY Press, pp. 13–36, ISBN 978-1438435640 – via Project MUSE (subscription required)

jstor.org (Global: 26^th place; English: 20^th place)

Allan 1984, p. 245: "Only after the 'First Emperor' of Qin styled himself Shi Huangdi, did huangdi come to refer to an earthly ruler rather than the August Lord" Allan, Sarah (1984), "The Myth of the Xia Dynasty", The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, 116 (2): 242–256, doi:10.1017/S0035869X00163580, JSTOR 25211710, S2CID 162347912
Mathieu 1984, p. 29, p. 243. Mathieu, Rémi (1984), "La Patte de l'ours" [The bear's paw], L'Homme (in French), 24 (1): 5–42, doi:10.3406/hom.1984.368468, JSTOR 25132024
Schoenhals 2008, pp. 121–22. Schoenhals, Michael (2008), "Abandoned or Merely Lost in Translation?", Inner Asia, 10 (1), (subscription required): 113–30, doi:10.1163/000000008793066777, JSTOR 23615059.
Zhang 2013, p. 6. Zhang, Yingjin (2013), "Articulating Sadness, Gendering Space: The Politics and Poetics of Taiyu Films from 1960s Taiwan", Modern Chinese Literature and Culture, 25 (1): 1–46, JSTOR 42940461
Pulleyblank 2000, p. 14, note 39. Pulleyblank, Edwin G. (2000), "Ji 姬 and Jiang 姜: The Role of Exogamic Clans in the Organization of the Zhou Polity" (PDF), Early China, 25: 1–27, doi:10.1017/S0362502800004259, JSTOR 23354272, S2CID 162159081, archived from the original (PDF) on 18 November 2017, retrieved 28 September 2016.

lunw.com (Global: low place; English: low place)

Sun 2000, p. 69. Sun Longji (孙隆基) (2000), "Qingji minzu zhuyi yu Huangdi chongbai zhi faming" 清季民族主义与黄帝崇拜之发明 [Qing-period nationalism and the invention of the worship of Huangdi], Lishi Yanjiu 历史研究, 2000 (3): 68–79, archived from the original on March 31, 2012, retrieved November 7, 2011.
Sun 2000, p. 69: "中华这个五千年文明古国由黄帝开国、中国人都是黄帝子孙的说法, 则是20 世纪的产品": "The claims that the 5000-year-old Chinese civilization was inaugurated by Huangdi and that Chinese people are the descendants of Huangdi are products of the twentieth century." Sun Longji (孙隆基) (2000), "Qingji minzu zhuyi yu Huangdi chongbai zhi faming" 清季民族主义与黄帝崇拜之发明 [Qing-period nationalism and the invention of the worship of Huangdi], Lishi Yanjiu 历史研究, 2000 (3): 68–79, archived from the original on March 31, 2012, retrieved November 7, 2011.
Sun 2000, pp. 77–78; Dikötter 1992, p. 116, note 73. Sun Longji (孙隆基) (2000), "Qingji minzu zhuyi yu Huangdi chongbai zhi faming" 清季民族主义与黄帝崇拜之发明 [Qing-period nationalism and the invention of the worship of Huangdi], Lishi Yanjiu 历史研究, 2000 (3): 68–79, archived from the original on March 31, 2012, retrieved November 7, 2011. Dikötter, Frank (1992), The Discourse of Race in Modern China, London: Hurst & Co, ISBN 1-85065-135-3

maine.edu (Global: low place; English: low place)

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