Gertraude Roth Li (2000). Manchu: a textbook for reading documents. University of Hawaii Press. p. 16. ISBN0824822064. Consultado el 25 de marzo de 2012. «Alphabet: Some scholars consider the Manchu script to be a syllabic one.»
Gertraude Roth Li (2010). Manchu: A Textbook for Reading Documents (Second Edition) (2 edición). Natl Foreign Lg Resource Ctr. p. 16. ISBN0980045959. Consultado el 1 de marzo de 2012. «Alphabet: Some scholars consider the Manchu script to be a syllabic one. Others see it as having an alphabet with individual letters, some of which differ according to their position within a word. Thus, whereas Denis Sinor aruged in favor of a syllabic theory,30 Louis Ligeti preferred to consider the Manchu script and alphabetical one.31».()
dartmouth.edu
«DAHAI». web.archive.org. Archivado desde el original el 10 de junio de 2016. Consultado el 30 de mayo de 2021. «DAHAI 達海, d. 1632, age 38 (sui), of the Plain Blue Banner, belonged to a family that had long been settled in Giolca, home of Desiku (see under Anfiyanggû), the granduncle of Nurhaci [q. v.]. His grandfather and his father early entered the service of Nurhaci where Dahai had opportunity to learn Chinese as well as Manchu. He devoted himself to study, and after he came of age was put in charge of written communications with the Ming government and with Korea, involving the preparation of Chinese texts. His knowledge of the Chinese language was so valuable that when condemned to death in 1620, for being intimate with and receiving presents from a maid-servant, he was reprieved by Nurhaci on the ground that he could not be spared. Nurhaci commissioned him to translate into Manchu, in the system of writing developed by Erdeni [q. v.] and others, the sections relating to the penal code in the 大明會典 Ta Ming hui-tien and two works on military science-the 素書 Su-shu (an edition of 1704 is extant) and the 三略 San-lüeh. When the Wên Kuan, or Literary Office, was established under Nurhaci's successor (see under Abahai) Dahai was appointed with four others to continue the translation of Chinese works. In 1629 and 1630, when the Manchu attack penetrated the Great Wall and reached the gates of Peking (see under Man Kuei), he was responsible for the proclamations and messages in the Chinese language. On the completion of some of his translations in 1630 he was given a hereditary rank, being the first of the non-military officials ever to be so honored. In the following language, classifying the words according to Mongol practice under twelve types of opening year he was given the title, baksi, or "teacher".»
«DAHAI». web.archive.org. Archivado desde el original el 10 de junio de 2016. Consultado el 30 de mayo de 2021. «DAHAI 達海, d. 1632, age 38 (sui), of the Plain Blue Banner, belonged to a family that had long been settled in Giolca, home of Desiku (see under Anfiyanggû), the granduncle of Nurhaci [q. v.]. His grandfather and his father early entered the service of Nurhaci where Dahai had opportunity to learn Chinese as well as Manchu. He devoted himself to study, and after he came of age was put in charge of written communications with the Ming government and with Korea, involving the preparation of Chinese texts. His knowledge of the Chinese language was so valuable that when condemned to death in 1620, for being intimate with and receiving presents from a maid-servant, he was reprieved by Nurhaci on the ground that he could not be spared. Nurhaci commissioned him to translate into Manchu, in the system of writing developed by Erdeni [q. v.] and others, the sections relating to the penal code in the 大明會典 Ta Ming hui-tien and two works on military science-the 素書 Su-shu (an edition of 1704 is extant) and the 三略 San-lüeh. When the Wên Kuan, or Literary Office, was established under Nurhaci's successor (see under Abahai) Dahai was appointed with four others to continue the translation of Chinese works. In 1629 and 1630, when the Manchu attack penetrated the Great Wall and reached the gates of Peking (see under Man Kuei), he was responsible for the proclamations and messages in the Chinese language. On the completion of some of his translations in 1630 he was given a hereditary rank, being the first of the non-military officials ever to be so honored. In the following language, classifying the words according to Mongol practice under twelve types of opening year he was given the title, baksi, or "teacher".»
