Freeman C, Laymon CW (1941). «Balanitis xerotica obliterans»(Reprint:The CIRP Circumcision Reference Library). Arch Dermat Syph(en inglés)44 (4): 547-59. Archivado desde el original el 25 de septiembre de 2006. Consultado el 1 de octubre de 2006.
Sherman, V; McPherson, T; Baldo, M; Salim, A; Gao, XH; Wojnarowska, F (Sep 2010). «The high rate of familial lichen sclerosus suggests a genetic contribution: an observational cohort study.». Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV24 (9): 1031-1034. PMID20202060. doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2010.03572.x.
Drut, RM; Gomez, MA; Drut, R; Lojo, MM (1998). «Human papillomavirus is present in some cases of childhood penile lichen sclerosus: an in situ hybridization and SP-PCR study». Pediatr Dermatol15 (2): 85-90. PMID9572688. doi:10.1046/j.1525-1470.1998.1998015085.x.
Eisendle, K; Grabner, TG; Kutzner, H (2008). «Possible Role of Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Infection in Lichen Sclerosus». Br J Dermatol144 (5): 591-598. PMID18490585. doi:10.1001/archderm.144.5.591.
Yates, VM; King, CM; Dave, VK (1985). «Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus following radiation therapy». Arch Dermatol121 (8): 1044-1047. PMID4026344. doi:10.1001/archderm.121.8.1044.
Jędrowiak, Anna; Kobusiewicz, Aleksandra; Trznadel-Grodzka, Ewa; Kaszuba, Andrzej (2018). «Dermoscopic findings in extragenital lichen sclerosus». Our Dermatology Online9 (2): 197-199. ISSN2081-9390. doi:10.7241/ourd.20182.24.- "Figures - available via license: CC BY 4.0"
Chi, CC; Kirtschig, G; Baldo, M; Lewis, F; Wang, SH; Wojnarowska, F (Aug 2012). «Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on topical interventions for genital lichen sclerosus.». Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology67 (2): 305-12. PMID22483994. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2012.02.044.
Garzon, Maria C.; Paller, Amy S. (1999). «Ultrapotent Topical Corticosteroid Treatment of Childhood Genital Lichen Sclerosus». Archives of Dermatology135 (5): 525-8. ISSN0003-987X. PMID10328191. doi:10.1001/archderm.135.5.525.
Dahlman-Ghozlan, Kristina; Hedblad, Mari-Anne; von Krogh, Geo (1999). «Penile lichen sclerosus et atrophicus treated with clobetasol dipropionate 0.05% cream: A retrospective clinical and histopathologic study». Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology40 (3): 451-457. ISSN0190-9622. PMID10071317. doi:10.1016/S0190-9622(99)70496-2.
Neill, S.M.; Lewis, F.M.; Tatnall, F.M.; Cox, N.H. (2010). «British Association of Dermatologists' guidelines for the management of lichen sclerosus 2010». British Journal of Dermatology163 (4): 672-682. ISSN0007-0963. PMID20854400. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09997.x.
Renaud-Vilmer, Catherine; Cavelier-Balloy, Bénédicte; Porcher, Raphaël; Dubertret, Louis (2004). «Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus». Archives of Dermatology140 (6). ISSN0003-987X. PMID15210462. doi:10.1001/archderm.140.6.709.
Li, Y; Xiao, Y; Wang, H; Li, H; Luo, X (Aug 2013). «Low-concentration topical tacrolimus for the treatment of anogenital lichen sclerosus in childhood: maintenance treatment to reduce recurrence.». Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology26 (4): 239-42. PMID24049806. doi:10.1016/j.jpag.2012.11.010.
Bradford, J.; Fischer, G. (2010). «Long-term management of vulval lichen sclerosus in adult women». Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology50 (2): 148-152. ISSN0004-8666. PMID20522071. doi:10.1111/j.1479-828X.2010.01142.x.
Windahl, T. (2009). «Is carbon dioxide laser treatment of lichen sclerosus effective in the long run?». Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology40 (3): 208-211. ISSN0036-5599. PMID16809261. doi:10.1080/00365590600589666.
Casabona, Francesco; Gambelli, Ilaria; Casabona, Federica; Santi, Pierluigi; Santori, Gregorio; Baldelli, Ilaria (2017). «Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in chronic penile lichen sclerosus: the impact on tissue repair and patient quality of life». International Urology and Nephrology49 (4): 573-580. ISSN0301-1623. PMID28161837. doi:10.1007/s11255-017-1523-0.
Smith SD, Fischer G (2009). «Childhood onset vulvar lichen sclerosus does not resolve at puberty: a prospective case series». Pediatr Dermatol26 (6): 725-9. PMID20199450. doi:10.1111/j.1525-1470.2009.01022.x.
Nasca, MR; Innocenzi, D; Micali, G (1999). «Penile cancer among patients with genital lichen sclerosus». J Am Acad Dermatol41 (6): 911-914. PMID10570372. doi:10.1016/S0190-9622(99)70245-8.
Poulsen, H; Junge, J; Vyberg, M; Horn, T; Lundvall, F (2003). «Small vulvar squamous cell carcinomas and adjacent tissues. A morphologic study». APMIS111 (9): 835-842. PMID14510640. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0463.2003.1110901.x.
van de Nieuwenhof, HP; van der Avoort, IA; de Hullu, JA (2008). «Review of squamous premalignant vulvar lesions». Crit Rev Oncol Hematol68 (2): 131-156. PMID18406622. doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2008.02.012.
Henquet, CJ (Aug 2011). «Anogenital malignancies and pre-malignancies.». Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV25 (8): 885-95. PMID21272092. doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2010.03969.x.
Rotondo JC, Borghi A, Selvatici R, Magri E, Bianchini E, Montinari E, Corazza M, Virgili A, Tognon M, Martini F (2016). «Hypermethylation-Induced Inactivation of the IRF6 Gene as a Possible Early Event in Progression of Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma Associated With Lichen Sclerosus». JAMA Dermatology152 (8): 928-33. PMID27223861. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2016.1336.
Halonen, Pia; Jakobsson, Maija; Heikinheimo, Oskari; Riska, Annika; Gissler, Mika; Pukkala, Eero (2017). «Lichen sclerosus and risk of cancer». International Journal of Cancer140 (9): 1998-2002. ISSN0020-7136. PMID28124469. doi:10.1002/ijc.30621.
Jędrowiak, Anna; Kobusiewicz, Aleksandra; Trznadel-Grodzka, Ewa; Kaszuba, Andrzej (2018). «Dermoscopic findings in extragenital lichen sclerosus». Our Dermatology Online9 (2): 197-199. ISSN2081-9390. doi:10.7241/ourd.20182.24.- "Figures - available via license: CC BY 4.0"
Garzon, Maria C.; Paller, Amy S. (1999). «Ultrapotent Topical Corticosteroid Treatment of Childhood Genital Lichen Sclerosus». Archives of Dermatology135 (5): 525-8. ISSN0003-987X. PMID10328191. doi:10.1001/archderm.135.5.525.
Dahlman-Ghozlan, Kristina; Hedblad, Mari-Anne; von Krogh, Geo (1999). «Penile lichen sclerosus et atrophicus treated with clobetasol dipropionate 0.05% cream: A retrospective clinical and histopathologic study». Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology40 (3): 451-457. ISSN0190-9622. PMID10071317. doi:10.1016/S0190-9622(99)70496-2.
Neill, S.M.; Lewis, F.M.; Tatnall, F.M.; Cox, N.H. (2010). «British Association of Dermatologists' guidelines for the management of lichen sclerosus 2010». British Journal of Dermatology163 (4): 672-682. ISSN0007-0963. PMID20854400. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09997.x.
Bradford, J.; Fischer, G. (2010). «Long-term management of vulval lichen sclerosus in adult women». Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology50 (2): 148-152. ISSN0004-8666. PMID20522071. doi:10.1111/j.1479-828X.2010.01142.x.
Windahl, T. (2009). «Is carbon dioxide laser treatment of lichen sclerosus effective in the long run?». Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology40 (3): 208-211. ISSN0036-5599. PMID16809261. doi:10.1080/00365590600589666.
Casabona, Francesco; Gambelli, Ilaria; Casabona, Federica; Santi, Pierluigi; Santori, Gregorio; Baldelli, Ilaria (2017). «Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in chronic penile lichen sclerosus: the impact on tissue repair and patient quality of life». International Urology and Nephrology49 (4): 573-580. ISSN0301-1623. PMID28161837. doi:10.1007/s11255-017-1523-0.
Halonen, Pia; Jakobsson, Maija; Heikinheimo, Oskari; Riska, Annika; Gissler, Mika; Pukkala, Eero (2017). «Lichen sclerosus and risk of cancer». International Journal of Cancer140 (9): 1998-2002. ISSN0020-7136. PMID28124469. doi:10.1002/ijc.30621.
Sherman, V; McPherson, T; Baldo, M; Salim, A; Gao, XH; Wojnarowska, F (Sep 2010). «The high rate of familial lichen sclerosus suggests a genetic contribution: an observational cohort study.». Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV24 (9): 1031-1034. PMID20202060. doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2010.03572.x.
Drut, RM; Gomez, MA; Drut, R; Lojo, MM (1998). «Human papillomavirus is present in some cases of childhood penile lichen sclerosus: an in situ hybridization and SP-PCR study». Pediatr Dermatol15 (2): 85-90. PMID9572688. doi:10.1046/j.1525-1470.1998.1998015085.x.
Eisendle, K; Grabner, TG; Kutzner, H (2008). «Possible Role of Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato Infection in Lichen Sclerosus». Br J Dermatol144 (5): 591-598. PMID18490585. doi:10.1001/archderm.144.5.591.
Chi, CC; Kirtschig, G; Baldo, M; Lewis, F; Wang, SH; Wojnarowska, F (Aug 2012). «Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials on topical interventions for genital lichen sclerosus.». Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology67 (2): 305-12. PMID22483994. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2012.02.044.
Garzon, Maria C.; Paller, Amy S. (1999). «Ultrapotent Topical Corticosteroid Treatment of Childhood Genital Lichen Sclerosus». Archives of Dermatology135 (5): 525-8. ISSN0003-987X. PMID10328191. doi:10.1001/archderm.135.5.525.
Dahlman-Ghozlan, Kristina; Hedblad, Mari-Anne; von Krogh, Geo (1999). «Penile lichen sclerosus et atrophicus treated with clobetasol dipropionate 0.05% cream: A retrospective clinical and histopathologic study». Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology40 (3): 451-457. ISSN0190-9622. PMID10071317. doi:10.1016/S0190-9622(99)70496-2.
Neill, S.M.; Lewis, F.M.; Tatnall, F.M.; Cox, N.H. (2010). «British Association of Dermatologists' guidelines for the management of lichen sclerosus 2010». British Journal of Dermatology163 (4): 672-682. ISSN0007-0963. PMID20854400. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09997.x.
Renaud-Vilmer, Catherine; Cavelier-Balloy, Bénédicte; Porcher, Raphaël; Dubertret, Louis (2004). «Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus». Archives of Dermatology140 (6). ISSN0003-987X. PMID15210462. doi:10.1001/archderm.140.6.709.
Li, Y; Xiao, Y; Wang, H; Li, H; Luo, X (Aug 2013). «Low-concentration topical tacrolimus for the treatment of anogenital lichen sclerosus in childhood: maintenance treatment to reduce recurrence.». Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology26 (4): 239-42. PMID24049806. doi:10.1016/j.jpag.2012.11.010.
Maassen, MS; van Doorn, HC (2012). «[Topical treatment of vulvar lichen sclerosus with calcineurin inhibitors].». Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde156 (36): A3908. PMID22951124.
Bradford, J.; Fischer, G. (2010). «Long-term management of vulval lichen sclerosus in adult women». Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology50 (2): 148-152. ISSN0004-8666. PMID20522071. doi:10.1111/j.1479-828X.2010.01142.x.
Windahl, T. (2009). «Is carbon dioxide laser treatment of lichen sclerosus effective in the long run?». Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology40 (3): 208-211. ISSN0036-5599. PMID16809261. doi:10.1080/00365590600589666.
Casabona, Francesco; Gambelli, Ilaria; Casabona, Federica; Santi, Pierluigi; Santori, Gregorio; Baldelli, Ilaria (2017). «Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in chronic penile lichen sclerosus: the impact on tissue repair and patient quality of life». International Urology and Nephrology49 (4): 573-580. ISSN0301-1623. PMID28161837. doi:10.1007/s11255-017-1523-0.
Smith SD, Fischer G (2009). «Childhood onset vulvar lichen sclerosus does not resolve at puberty: a prospective case series». Pediatr Dermatol26 (6): 725-9. PMID20199450. doi:10.1111/j.1525-1470.2009.01022.x.
Nasca, MR; Innocenzi, D; Micali, G (1999). «Penile cancer among patients with genital lichen sclerosus». J Am Acad Dermatol41 (6): 911-914. PMID10570372. doi:10.1016/S0190-9622(99)70245-8.
Poulsen, H; Junge, J; Vyberg, M; Horn, T; Lundvall, F (2003). «Small vulvar squamous cell carcinomas and adjacent tissues. A morphologic study». APMIS111 (9): 835-842. PMID14510640. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0463.2003.1110901.x.
van de Nieuwenhof, HP; van der Avoort, IA; de Hullu, JA (2008). «Review of squamous premalignant vulvar lesions». Crit Rev Oncol Hematol68 (2): 131-156. PMID18406622. doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2008.02.012.
Henquet, CJ (Aug 2011). «Anogenital malignancies and pre-malignancies.». Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV25 (8): 885-95. PMID21272092. doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2010.03969.x.
Rotondo JC, Borghi A, Selvatici R, Magri E, Bianchini E, Montinari E, Corazza M, Virgili A, Tognon M, Martini F (2016). «Hypermethylation-Induced Inactivation of the IRF6 Gene as a Possible Early Event in Progression of Vulvar Squamous Cell Carcinoma Associated With Lichen Sclerosus». JAMA Dermatology152 (8): 928-33. PMID27223861. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2016.1336.
Halonen, Pia; Jakobsson, Maija; Heikinheimo, Oskari; Riska, Annika; Gissler, Mika; Pukkala, Eero (2017). «Lichen sclerosus and risk of cancer». International Journal of Cancer140 (9): 1998-2002. ISSN0020-7136. PMID28124469. doi:10.1002/ijc.30621.
National Institute of Health. «Fast Facts About Lichen Sclerosus». Lichen Sclerosus. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. Archivado desde el original el 15 de junio de 2012. Consultado el 16 de junio de 2012.
nva.org
National Vulvodynia Association. «Vulvodynia Fact Sheet». Vulvodynia Media Corner. National Vulvodynia Association. Consultado el 16 de junio de 2012.
web.archive.org
Freeman C, Laymon CW (1941). «Balanitis xerotica obliterans»(Reprint:The CIRP Circumcision Reference Library). Arch Dermat Syph(en inglés)44 (4): 547-59. Archivado desde el original el 25 de septiembre de 2006. Consultado el 1 de octubre de 2006.
National Institute of Health. «Fast Facts About Lichen Sclerosus». Lichen Sclerosus. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. Archivado desde el original el 15 de junio de 2012. Consultado el 16 de junio de 2012.