Pacoureau, Nathan; Rigby, Cassandra L.; Kyne, Peter M.; Sherley, Richard B.; Winker, Henning; Carlson, John K.; Fordham, Sonja V.; Barreto, Rodrigo; Fernando, Daniel; Francis, Malcolm P.; Jabado, Rima W.; Herman, Katelyn B.; Liu, Kwang-Ming; Marshall, Andrea D.; Pollom, Riley A.; Romanov, Evgeny V.; Simpfendorfer, Colin A.; Yin, Jamie S.; Kindsvater, Holly K.; Dulvy, Nicholas K. (2021). «Half a century of global decline in oceanic sharks and rays». Nature589 (7843): 567-571. Bibcode:2021Natur.589..567P. PMID33505035. S2CID231723355. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-03173-9. hdl:10871/124531.
Motta, P.J.; Wilga, C.D. (2001). «Advances in the study of feeding behaviors, mechanisms, and mechanics of sharks». Environmental Biology of Fishes60 (1–3): 131-56. S2CID28305317. doi:10.1023/A:1007649900712.
Pacoureau, Nathan; Rigby, Cassandra L.; Kyne, Peter M.; Sherley, Richard B.; Winker, Henning; Carlson, John K.; Fordham, Sonja V.; Barreto, Rodrigo; Fernando, Daniel; Francis, Malcolm P.; Jabado, Rima W.; Herman, Katelyn B.; Liu, Kwang-Ming; Marshall, Andrea D.; Pollom, Riley A.; Romanov, Evgeny V.; Simpfendorfer, Colin A.; Yin, Jamie S.; Kindsvater, Holly K.; Dulvy, Nicholas K. (2021). «Half a century of global decline in oceanic sharks and rays». Nature589 (7843): 567-571. Bibcode:2021Natur.589..567P. PMID33505035. S2CID231723355. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-03173-9. hdl:10871/124531.
Pacoureau, Nathan; Rigby, Cassandra L.; Kyne, Peter M.; Sherley, Richard B.; Winker, Henning; Carlson, John K.; Fordham, Sonja V.; Barreto, Rodrigo; Fernando, Daniel; Francis, Malcolm P.; Jabado, Rima W.; Herman, Katelyn B.; Liu, Kwang-Ming; Marshall, Andrea D.; Pollom, Riley A.; Romanov, Evgeny V.; Simpfendorfer, Colin A.; Yin, Jamie S.; Kindsvater, Holly K.; Dulvy, Nicholas K. (2021). «Half a century of global decline in oceanic sharks and rays». Nature589 (7843): 567-571. Bibcode:2021Natur.589..567P. PMID33505035. S2CID231723355. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-03173-9. hdl:10871/124531.
«Reproduction overall». Risk Section, Bedford Institute of Oceanography & Marine Fish Species. Canadian Shark Research Lab. Skates and rays of Atlantic Canada (en inglés). Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Center. Archivado desde el original el 16 de enero de 2015. Consultado el 27 de mayo de 2012.
Pacoureau, Nathan; Rigby, Cassandra L.; Kyne, Peter M.; Sherley, Richard B.; Winker, Henning; Carlson, John K.; Fordham, Sonja V.; Barreto, Rodrigo; Fernando, Daniel; Francis, Malcolm P.; Jabado, Rima W.; Herman, Katelyn B.; Liu, Kwang-Ming; Marshall, Andrea D.; Pollom, Riley A.; Romanov, Evgeny V.; Simpfendorfer, Colin A.; Yin, Jamie S.; Kindsvater, Holly K.; Dulvy, Nicholas K. (2021). «Half a century of global decline in oceanic sharks and rays». Nature589 (7843): 567-571. Bibcode:2021Natur.589..567P. PMID33505035. S2CID231723355. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-03173-9. hdl:10871/124531.
Motta, P.J.; Wilga, C.D. (2001). «Advances in the study of feeding behaviors, mechanisms, and mechanics of sharks». Environmental Biology of Fishes60 (1–3): 131-56. S2CID28305317. doi:10.1023/A:1007649900712.
Pacoureau, Nathan; Rigby, Cassandra L.; Kyne, Peter M.; Sherley, Richard B.; Winker, Henning; Carlson, John K.; Fordham, Sonja V.; Barreto, Rodrigo; Fernando, Daniel; Francis, Malcolm P.; Jabado, Rima W.; Herman, Katelyn B.; Liu, Kwang-Ming; Marshall, Andrea D.; Pollom, Riley A.; Romanov, Evgeny V.; Simpfendorfer, Colin A.; Yin, Jamie S.; Kindsvater, Holly K.; Dulvy, Nicholas K. (2021). «Half a century of global decline in oceanic sharks and rays». Nature589 (7843): 567-571. Bibcode:2021Natur.589..567P. PMID33505035. S2CID231723355. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-03173-9. hdl:10871/124531.
«Reproduction overall». Risk Section, Bedford Institute of Oceanography & Marine Fish Species. Canadian Shark Research Lab. Skates and rays of Atlantic Canada (en inglés). Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Center. Archivado desde el original el 16 de enero de 2015. Consultado el 27 de mayo de 2012.