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Lovejoy, Paul E. (1978). «Plantations in the Economy of the Sokoto Caliphate». The Journal of African History19 (3): 341-368. doi:10.1017/s0021853700016200.
Salau, Mohammed Bashir (2006). «Ribats and the Development of Plantations in the Sokoto Caliphate: A Case Study of Fanisau». African Economic History34 (34): 23-43. JSTOR25427025. doi:10.2307/25427025.