Lucas, 2003, p. 130 Lucas, E.L. (2003). «Cosmology». En Alexander, T. Desmond; Baker, David W., eds. Dictionary of the Old Testament: Pentateuch. InterVarsity Press. ISBN9780830817818.
Knight, 1990, p. 175 Knight, Douglas A. (1990). «Cosmology». En Watson E. Mills, ed. Mercer Dictionary of the Bible. Mercer University Press. ISBN9780865543737.
Bernstein, 1996, p. 134: "The canon of the Hebrew Bible [...] was formed of [...] diverse writings composed by many men or women over a long period of time, under many different circumstances, and in the light of shifting patterns of religious belief and practice. [...] Indeed, the questions under investigation in this book concerning the end of an individual's life, the nature of death, the possibility of divine judgment, and the resultant reward or punishment [...] are simply too crucial to have attracted a single solution unanimously accepted over the near millennium of biblical composition." Bernstein, Alan E. (1996). The Formation of Hell: Death and Retribution in the Ancient and Early Christian Worlds. Cornell University Press. ISBN0801481317.
Wright, 2002, p. 52: "The religious ideology promoted in a majority of the texts that now form the Hebrew Bible represent the beliefs of only a small portion of the ancient Israelite community: the late Judean individuals who collected, edited, and transmitted the biblical materials were, for the most part, members of a religious tradition centered in Jerusalem that worshipped the god Yahweh exclusively." Wright, J. Edward (2002). The Early History of Heaven. Oxford University Press. ISBN9780195348491.
Aune, 2003, p. 119: "The archaic cosmology conceived of the world in terms of a three-tiered cosmos consisting of the earth as a flat disc in the middle, surrounded by the river Ocean (the Greek version) or floating on water (the Israelite version), with heaven above and the underworld beneath [...]" Aune, David E. (2003). «Cosmology». Westminster Dictionary of the New Testament and Early Christian Literature. Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN9780664219178.
Aune, 2003, p. 119: "During the Hellenistic period a geocentric model of the universe largely replaced the older three-tiered universe model, for Greek thinkers (such as Aristotle and Eratosthenes) proposed that the earth was a sphere suspended freely in space." Aune, David E. (2003). «Cosmology». Westminster Dictionary of the New Testament and Early Christian Literature. Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN9780664219178.
Wright, 2002, p. 53: "Biblical texts from all historical periods and a variety of literary genres demonstrate that in Yahwistic circles, that is, among people who worshipped Yahweh as the chief god, God was always understood as the one who alone created heaven, Earth, and all that is in them. [...] Yahweh, the Israelite god, had no rivals, and in a world where nations claimed that their gods were the supreme beings in the universe and that all others were subject to them, the Israelites' claim for the superiority of Yahweh enabled them to imagine that no other nation could rival her [...]. Phrases such as 'Yahweh, God Most High, Creator of heaven and earth' [...] and related phrases for Yahweh as creator and almighty master of the cosmos have parallels in earlier Canaanite terminology for the god El. [...] In fact, the Israelites did not create these phrases but inherited them from earlier Canaanite civilizations. Moreover, later editors of the Hebrew Bible used them to serve their particular monotheistic theology: their god is the supreme god, and he alone created the universe." Wright, J. Edward (2002). The Early History of Heaven. Oxford University Press. ISBN9780195348491.
Parrish, 1990, pp. 183–84 Parrish, V. Steven (1990). «Creation». En Watson E. Mills, ed. Mercer Dictionary of the Bible. Mercer University Press. ISBN9780865543737.
Aune, 2003, p. 118 Aune, David E. (2003). «Cosmology». Westminster Dictionary of the New Testament and Early Christian Literature. Westminster John Knox Press. ISBN9780664219178.
Parrish, 1990, p. 183 Parrish, V. Steven (1990). «Creation». En Watson E. Mills, ed. Mercer Dictionary of the Bible. Mercer University Press. ISBN9780865543737.
Ringgren, 1990, pp. 91–92 Ringgren, Helmer (1990). «Yam». En Botterweck, G. Johannes; Ringgren, Helmer, eds. Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament. Eerdmans. ISBN9780802823304.
Ryken et al, 1998Ryken, Leland; Wilhoit, Jim; Longman, Tremper; Duriez, Colin; Penney, Douglas; Reid, Daniel G., eds. (1998). «Cosmology». Dictionary of Biblical Imagery. InterVarsity Press. ISBN9780830867332.
Ringgren, 1990, p. 92 Ringgren, Helmer (1990). «Yam». En Botterweck, G. Johannes; Ringgren, Helmer, eds. Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament. Eerdmans. ISBN9780802823304.
Ringgren, 1990, p. 93 Ringgren, Helmer (1990). «Yam». En Botterweck, G. Johannes; Ringgren, Helmer, eds. Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament. Eerdmans. ISBN9780802823304.
Ringgren, 1990, p. 98 Ringgren, Helmer (1990). «Yam». En Botterweck, G. Johannes; Ringgren, Helmer, eds. Theological Dictionary of the Old Testament. Eerdmans. ISBN9780802823304.
Wright, 2002, pp. 36-37: The wavy lines at the bottom of this scene indicate water, and beneath the waters is a solid base in which four stars are inscribed. These waters, then, are the celestial waters above the sky. This tablet depicts the god Shamash enthroned as king in the heavenly realm above the stars and the celestial ocean. Wright, J. Edward (2002). The Early History of Heaven. Oxford University Press. ISBN9780195348491.
Tigghelaar, 1999, p. 37 Tigghelaar, Eibert J.C. (1999). «Eden and Paradise». En Luttikhuizen, Gerard P., ed. Paradise interpreted: representations of biblical paradise in Judaism and Christianity. Brill. ISBN9004113312.