Ostrogorsky, 1997, p. 101 Ostrogorsky states in the footnotes that in Theophanes 303(under the year 622), "the expression 'the districts of the themes' shows that the process of establishing troops (themes) in specific areas of Asia Minor has already begun at this time."Ostrogorsky, George (1997). History of the Byzantine State. New Jersey: Rutgers University Press. ISBN978-0-8135-1198-6. (requiere registro).
Geanakoplos, 1984, p. 344. Geanakoplos, Deno J. (1984). Byzantium: Church, Society, and Civilization Seen Through Contemporary Eyes. University of Chicago Press. p. 344. ISBN9780226284606. «Some of the greatest Byzantine emperors — Nicephorus Phocas, John Tzimisces and probably Heraclius — were of Armenian descent.»
livius.org
LIVUS (28 October 2010). "Silk Road"Archivado el 6 de septiembre de 2013 en Wayback Machine., Articles of Ancient History. Retrieved on 22 September 2016.
web.archive.org
LIVUS (28 October 2010). "Silk Road"Archivado el 6 de septiembre de 2013 en Wayback Machine., Articles of Ancient History. Retrieved on 22 September 2016.