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El itrio y todos los lantánidos excepto el Ce y el Pm se han observado en el estado de oxidación 0 en complejos de bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butilbenceno), véase Cloke, F. Geoffrey N. (1993). "Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides". Chem. Soc. Rev. 22: 17-24. https://doi.org/10.1039/CS9932200017. y Arnold, Polly L.; Petrukhina, Marina A.; Bochenkov, Vladimir E.; Shabatina, Tatyana I.; Zagorskii, Vyacheslav V.; Cloke (2003-12-15). "Arene complexation of Sm, Eu, Tm and Yb atoms: a variable temperature spectroscopic investigation". Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. 688 (1-2): 49-55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.08.028.
