«Iron deficiency—adults». Archivado desde el original el 15 de marzo de 2010. Consultado el 8 de abril de 2020. «High-risk groups such as vegetarians, adolescent girls and women athletes need to eat iron-rich foods each day (combined with foods that are high in vitamin C). ... Vegetarians who exclude all animal products from their diet may need almost twice as much dietary iron each day as non-vegetarians. Sources include dark green leafy vegetables—such as spinach—and raisins, nuts, seeds, beans, peas, and iron-fortified cereals, breads and pastas».
books.google.com
Mangels, Reed; Messina, Virginia; and Messina, Mark. "Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)," The Dietitian's Guide to Vegetarian Diets. Jones & Bartlett Learning, 2011, pp. 181–192.
Campbell, T. Colin. The China Study. Benbella Books, 2006, pp. 205–208.
dietitians.ca
Detitians of Canada. «Food Sources of Vitamin D». Dietitians of Canada. Archivado desde el original el 12 de noviembre de 2018. Consultado el 8 de abril de 2020.
Craig, Winston J (May 2009). «Health effects of vegan diets». The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition89 (5): 1627S-1633S. PMID19279075. doi:10.3945/ajcn.2009.26736N. «Vegan diets are usually higher in dietary fiber, magnesium, folic acid, vitamins C and E, iron, and phytochemicals, and they tend to be lower in calories, saturated fat and cholesterol, long-chain n–3 (omega-3) fatty acids, vitamin D, calcium, zinc, and vitamin B-12. ... A vegan diet appears to be useful for increasing the intake of protective nutrients and phytochemicals and for minimizing the intake of dietary factors implicated in several chronic diseases.»
«The anaerobic biosynthesis of vitamin B1212». Biochemical Society Transactions40 (3): 581-6. June 2012. PMID22616870. doi:10.1042/BST20120066.
Graham, Ross M.; Deery, Evelyne; Warren, Martin J. (2009). «18: Vitamin B12: Biosynthesis of the Corrin Ring». En Warren, Martin J.; Smith, Alison G., eds. Tetrapyrroles Birth, Life and Death. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag. p. 286. ISBN978-0-387-78518-9. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-78518-9_18.
Watanabe, F. (2007). «Vitamin B12 sources and bioavailability». Experimental Biology and Medicine232 (10): 1266-1274. PMID17959839. doi:10.3181/0703-MR-67.
Krajčovičová-Kudláčková, M.; Blažíček, P.; Kopčová, J.; Béderová, A.; Babinská, K. (2000). «Homocysteine Levels in Vegetarians versus Omnivores». Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism44 (3): 135-8. PMID11053901. doi:10.1159/000012827.
Sanders, Thomas A.B. (2009). «DHA status of vegetarians». Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids81 (2–3): 137-41. PMID19500961. doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2009.05.013.
Ho-Pham, L. T.; Nguyen, P. L. T.; Le, T. T. T.; Doan, T. A. T.; Tran, N. T.; Le, T. A.; Nguyen, T. V. (2009). «Veganism, bone mineral density, and body composition: A study in Buddhist nuns». Osteoporosis International20 (12): 2087-93. PMID19350341. doi:10.1007/s00198-009-0916-z.
Craig, WJ (1994). «Iron status of vegetarians». The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition59 (5 Suppl): 1233S-1237S. PMID8172127. doi:10.1093/ajcn/59.5.1233S.
Lönnerdal, B (October 2010). «Calcium and iron absorption--mechanisms and public health relevance.». Int J Vitam Nutr Res90 (4–5): 293-9. PMID21462112. doi:10.1024/0300-9831/a000036.
Paraskevi, Detopoulou; Panagiotakos, Demosthenes B.; Antonopoulou, Smaragdi; Pitsavos, Christos; Stefanadis, Christodoulos (5 de septiembre de 2007). «Dietary Choline and Betaine Intakes in Relation to Concentrations of Inflammatory Markers in Healthy Adults: The ATTICA Study». The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition87 (2): 424-430. PMID18258634. doi:10.1093/ajcn/87.2.424.
Björn, LO; Wang, T (2000). «Vitamin D in an ecological context.». International Journal of Circumpolar Health59 (1): 26-32. ISSN1239-9736. PMID10850004.
Craig, Winston J (May 2009). «Health effects of vegan diets». The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition89 (5): 1627S-1633S. PMID19279075. doi:10.3945/ajcn.2009.26736N. «Vegan diets are usually higher in dietary fiber, magnesium, folic acid, vitamins C and E, iron, and phytochemicals, and they tend to be lower in calories, saturated fat and cholesterol, long-chain n–3 (omega-3) fatty acids, vitamin D, calcium, zinc, and vitamin B-12. ... A vegan diet appears to be useful for increasing the intake of protective nutrients and phytochemicals and for minimizing the intake of dietary factors implicated in several chronic diseases.»
«The anaerobic biosynthesis of vitamin B1212». Biochemical Society Transactions40 (3): 581-6. June 2012. PMID22616870. doi:10.1042/BST20120066.
Watanabe, F. (2007). «Vitamin B12 sources and bioavailability». Experimental Biology and Medicine232 (10): 1266-1274. PMID17959839. doi:10.3181/0703-MR-67.
Krajčovičová-Kudláčková, M.; Blažíček, P.; Kopčová, J.; Béderová, A.; Babinská, K. (2000). «Homocysteine Levels in Vegetarians versus Omnivores». Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism44 (3): 135-8. PMID11053901. doi:10.1159/000012827.
Sanders, Thomas A.B. (2009). «DHA status of vegetarians». Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids81 (2–3): 137-41. PMID19500961. doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2009.05.013.
Ho-Pham, L. T.; Nguyen, P. L. T.; Le, T. T. T.; Doan, T. A. T.; Tran, N. T.; Le, T. A.; Nguyen, T. V. (2009). «Veganism, bone mineral density, and body composition: A study in Buddhist nuns». Osteoporosis International20 (12): 2087-93. PMID19350341. doi:10.1007/s00198-009-0916-z.
Craig, WJ (1994). «Iron status of vegetarians». The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition59 (5 Suppl): 1233S-1237S. PMID8172127. doi:10.1093/ajcn/59.5.1233S.
Hallberg, L; Brune, M; Rossander, L (1989). «The role of vitamin C in iron absorption». International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research. Supplement30: 103-8. PMID2507689. «The key role of ascorbic acid for the absorption of dietary nonheme iron is generally accepted. The reasons for its action are twofold: (1) the prevention of the formation of insoluble and unabsorbable iron compounds and (2) the reduction of ferric to ferrous iron, which seems to be a requirement for the uptake of iron into the mucosal cells.»
Lönnerdal, B (October 2010). «Calcium and iron absorption--mechanisms and public health relevance.». Int J Vitam Nutr Res90 (4–5): 293-9. PMID21462112. doi:10.1024/0300-9831/a000036.
Paraskevi, Detopoulou; Panagiotakos, Demosthenes B.; Antonopoulou, Smaragdi; Pitsavos, Christos; Stefanadis, Christodoulos (5 de septiembre de 2007). «Dietary Choline and Betaine Intakes in Relation to Concentrations of Inflammatory Markers in Healthy Adults: The ATTICA Study». The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition87 (2): 424-430. PMID18258634. doi:10.1093/ajcn/87.2.424.
Björn, LO; Wang, T (2000). «Vitamin D in an ecological context.». International Journal of Circumpolar Health59 (1): 26-32. ISSN1239-9736. PMID10850004.
«Dietary Supplement Fact Sheet: Vitamin B12». National Institutes of Health: Office of Dietary Supplements. Consultado el 2 de febrero de 2018. «Strict vegetarians and vegans are at greater risk than lacto-ovo vegetarians and nonvegetarians of developing vitamin B12 deficiency because natural food sources of vitamin B12 are limited to animal foods.»
Nutrient Reference Values for Australia and New Zealand, «Although choline is essential, there appear to have been no reports of deficiency in the general population. Deficiencies have been seen in experimental situations and also in total parenteral nutrition (Buchman et al. 1992, 1993, 1995, Chalwa et al. 1989, Shapira et al. 1986, Sheard et al. 1986).».
«Iron deficiency—adults». Archivado desde el original el 15 de marzo de 2010. Consultado el 8 de abril de 2020. «High-risk groups such as vegetarians, adolescent girls and women athletes need to eat iron-rich foods each day (combined with foods that are high in vitamin C). ... Vegetarians who exclude all animal products from their diet may need almost twice as much dietary iron each day as non-vegetarians. Sources include dark green leafy vegetables—such as spinach—and raisins, nuts, seeds, beans, peas, and iron-fortified cereals, breads and pastas».
Detitians of Canada. «Food Sources of Vitamin D». Dietitians of Canada. Archivado desde el original el 12 de noviembre de 2018. Consultado el 8 de abril de 2020.
