Karrer, P.; Helfenstein, A.; Wehrli, H.; Wettstein, A. (1930). «Pflanzenfarbstoffe XXV. Über die Konstitution des Lycopins und Carotins». Helvetica Chimica Acta13 (5): 1084-1099. doi:10.1002/hlca.19300130532.
Mercadante, A.Z.; Steck, A.; Pfander, H. (1999). «Carotenoids from Guava (Psidium guajava L.): Isolation and Structure Elucidation». J. Agric. Food Chem.47 (1): 145-151. PMID10563863. doi:10.1021/jf980405r.
van Bennekum, A; Werder, Moritz; Thuahnai, Stephen T.; Han, Chang-Hoon; Duong, Phu; Williams, David L.; Wettstein, Philipp; Schulthess, Georg et al. (2005). «Class B scavenger receptor-mediated intestinal absorption of dietary β-carotene and cholesterol». Biochemistry44 (11): 4517-4525. PMID15766282. doi:10.1021/bi0484320.
Tanumihardjo, SA (2002). «Factors influencing the conversion of carotenoids to retinol: bioavailability to bioconversion to bioefficacy». Int J Vit Nutr Res72 (1): 40-45. PMID11887751. doi:10.1024/0300-9831.72.1.40.
Kiefer, C.; Hessel, S.; Lampert, S.M.; Vogt, K.; Lederer, M.O.; Breithaupt, D.E.; von Lintig, J. (2001). «Identification and Characterization of a Mammalian Enzyme Catalyzing the Asymmetric Oxidative Cleavage of Provitamin A». The Journal of Biological Chemistry276 (17): 14110-14116. PMID11278918. doi:10.1074/jbc.M011510200.
Institute of Medicine (US) Panel on Micronutrients (2001). Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium and Zinc. (descarga gratuita): National Academy Press. ISBN978-0-309-07279-3. doi:10.17226/10026.
Kidmose, U; Edelenbos M; Christensen LP; Hegelund E. (2005). «Chromatographic determination of changes in pigments in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) during processing». J Chromatogr Sci43 (9): 466-472. PMID16212792. doi:10.1093/chromsci/43.9.466.
«Intake of the major carotenoids and the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in a pooled analysis of 10 cohort studies». Int J Cancer119 (9): 2148-2154. 2006. PMID16823847. doi:10.1002/ijc.22076.
«Beta-carotene in multivitamins and the possible risk of lung cancer among smokers versus former smokers: a meta-analysis and evaluation of national brands». Cancer113 (1): 150-157. July 2008. PMID18429004. doi:10.1002/cncr.23527.
Russel, R.M. (2002). «Beta-carotene and lung cancer». Pure Appl. Chem.74 (8): 1461-1467. doi:10.1351/pac200274081461.
Hurst, J. S.; Saini, M. K.; Jin, G. F.; Awasthi, Y. C.; Van Kuijk, F. J. G. M. (2005). «Toxicity of oxidized β-carotene to cultured human cells». Experimental Eye Research81 (2): 239-243. PMID15967438. doi:10.1016/j.exer.2005.04.002.
«Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of β-carotene breakdown products on primary rat hepatocytes». Carcinogenesis25 (5): 827-831. 2004. PMID14688018. doi:10.1093/carcin/bgh056.
Druesne-Pecollo, N; Latino-Martel, P; Norat, T; Barrandon, E; Bertrais, S; Galan, P; Hercberg, S (1 de julio de 2010). «Beta-carotene supplementation and cancer risk: a systematic review and metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials». International Journal of Cancer127 (1): 172-184. PMID19876916. doi:10.1002/ijc.25008.
Russell, RM (January 2004). «The enigma of beta-carotene in carcinogenesis: what can be learned from animal studies». The Journal of Nutrition134 (1): 262S-268S. PMID14704331. doi:10.1093/jn/134.1.262S.
Zhang, LR; Sawka, AM; Adams, L; Hatfield, N; Hung, RJ (Mar 2013). «Vitamin and mineral supplements and thyroid cancer: a systematic review». European Journal of Cancer Prevention22 (2): 158-168. PMID22926510. doi:10.1097/cej.0b013e32835849b0.
Mercadante, A.Z.; Steck, A.; Pfander, H. (1999). «Carotenoids from Guava (Psidium guajava L.): Isolation and Structure Elucidation». J. Agric. Food Chem.47 (1): 145-151. PMID10563863. doi:10.1021/jf980405r.
van Bennekum, A; Werder, Moritz; Thuahnai, Stephen T.; Han, Chang-Hoon; Duong, Phu; Williams, David L.; Wettstein, Philipp; Schulthess, Georg et al. (2005). «Class B scavenger receptor-mediated intestinal absorption of dietary β-carotene and cholesterol». Biochemistry44 (11): 4517-4525. PMID15766282. doi:10.1021/bi0484320.
Tanumihardjo, SA (2002). «Factors influencing the conversion of carotenoids to retinol: bioavailability to bioconversion to bioefficacy». Int J Vit Nutr Res72 (1): 40-45. PMID11887751. doi:10.1024/0300-9831.72.1.40.
Kiefer, C.; Hessel, S.; Lampert, S.M.; Vogt, K.; Lederer, M.O.; Breithaupt, D.E.; von Lintig, J. (2001). «Identification and Characterization of a Mammalian Enzyme Catalyzing the Asymmetric Oxidative Cleavage of Provitamin A». The Journal of Biological Chemistry276 (17): 14110-14116. PMID11278918. doi:10.1074/jbc.M011510200.
Kidmose, U; Edelenbos M; Christensen LP; Hegelund E. (2005). «Chromatographic determination of changes in pigments in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) during processing». J Chromatogr Sci43 (9): 466-472. PMID16212792. doi:10.1093/chromsci/43.9.466.
«Intake of the major carotenoids and the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in a pooled analysis of 10 cohort studies». Int J Cancer119 (9): 2148-2154. 2006. PMID16823847. doi:10.1002/ijc.22076.
«Beta-carotene in multivitamins and the possible risk of lung cancer among smokers versus former smokers: a meta-analysis and evaluation of national brands». Cancer113 (1): 150-157. July 2008. PMID18429004. doi:10.1002/cncr.23527.
Hurst, J. S.; Saini, M. K.; Jin, G. F.; Awasthi, Y. C.; Van Kuijk, F. J. G. M. (2005). «Toxicity of oxidized β-carotene to cultured human cells». Experimental Eye Research81 (2): 239-243. PMID15967438. doi:10.1016/j.exer.2005.04.002.
«Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of β-carotene breakdown products on primary rat hepatocytes». Carcinogenesis25 (5): 827-831. 2004. PMID14688018. doi:10.1093/carcin/bgh056.
Druesne-Pecollo, N; Latino-Martel, P; Norat, T; Barrandon, E; Bertrais, S; Galan, P; Hercberg, S (1 de julio de 2010). «Beta-carotene supplementation and cancer risk: a systematic review and metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials». International Journal of Cancer127 (1): 172-184. PMID19876916. doi:10.1002/ijc.25008.
Russell, RM (January 2004). «The enigma of beta-carotene in carcinogenesis: what can be learned from animal studies». The Journal of Nutrition134 (1): 262S-268S. PMID14704331. doi:10.1093/jn/134.1.262S.
Zhang, LR; Sawka, AM; Adams, L; Hatfield, N; Hung, RJ (Mar 2013). «Vitamin and mineral supplements and thyroid cancer: a systematic review». European Journal of Cancer Prevention22 (2): 158-168. PMID22926510. doi:10.1097/cej.0b013e32835849b0.
