Karistus (Estonian Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Karistus" in Estonian language version.

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books.google.com

Mary Stohr; Anthony Walsh; Craig Hemmens (2008). Corrections: A Text/Reader. Sage. Lk 2.

Terance D. Miethe (2004). ""Punishment Philosophies and Types Of Sanctions"". "Punishment A Comparative Historical Perspective" (PDF). University of Nevada, Las Vegas: Cambridge University Press. Lk 15–24.

Mary Stohr; Anthony Walsh; Craig Hemmens. "Corrections: A Text/Reader".{{netiviide}}: CS1 hooldus: mitu nime: autorite loend (link)

Hugo, Adam Bedau (13 juuni 2003). "Theory of Punishment". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Vaadatud 19.11.2017. "Punishment under law... is the authorized imposition of deprivations—of freedom or privacy or other goods to which the person otherwise has a right, or the imposition of special burdens—because the person has been found guilty of some criminal violation, typically (though not invariably) involving harm to the innocent. (The classical formulation, conspicuous in Hobbes, for example, defines punishment by reference to imposing pain rather than to deprivations.) This definition, although imperfect because of its brevity, does allow us to bring out several essential points."
Hugo, Adam Bedau (February 19, 2010). "Punishment, Crime and the State". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Vaadatud 19.11.2017. The search for a precise definition of punishment that exercised some philosophers (for discussion and references see Scheid 1980) is likely to prove futile: but we can say that legal punishment involves the imposition of something that is intended to be burdensome or painful, on a supposed offender for a supposed crime, by a person or body who claims the authority to do so.