مردم ترک (Persian Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "مردم ترک" in Persian language version.

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50web.archive.org

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39britannica.com

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18iranicaonline.org

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17cia.gov

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4academia.edu

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3ethnologue.com

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2encyclopaediaislamica.com

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academia.edu

Maue, Dieter. "The Khüis Tolgoi inscription – signs and sounds". Academia.edu. Retrieved 4 November 2018.
Vovin, Alexander. "Interpretation of the Hüis Tolgoi Inscription". Academia.edu. Retrieved 4 November 2018.
Vivin, Alexander (2019). "A Sketch of the Earliest Mongolic Language: the Brāhmī Bugut and Khüis Tolgoi Inscriptions". International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics. 1 (1): 162–197. doi:10.1163/25898833-12340008. S2CID 198833565.
Aydemir, Hakan (2–3 December 2022). "TÜRK Adının Kökeni Üzerine (On the origin of the ethnonym TÜRK 'Turkic, Turkish') + an English abstract". In Şahin, İbrahim; Akgün, Atıf (eds.). Türk Dunyası Sosyal Bilimler - Sempozyumu (به ترکی استانبولی). İzmir: Ege University.{{cite book}}: نگهداری یادکرد:فرمت پارامتر تاریخ (link)

aftabir.com

https://www.aftabir.com/articles/view/applied_sciences/geograohy_history/c12_1381725237p1.php/%25D8%25AA%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%25D8%25AE%25DA%2586%25D9%2587-%25D8%25B3%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1%25DB%258C%3famp=1

al-akhbar.com

english.al-akhbar.com

Al-Akhbar. "Lebanese Turks Seek Political and Social Recognition". Archived from the original on 20 June 2018. Retrieved 2 March 2012.

archive.org

Bosworth 1963, p. 132. Bosworth, C.E. (1963). The Ghaznavids:994–1040. Edinburgh University Press.
Wood, Francis (2002). The Silk Road: Two Thousand Years in the Heart of Asia. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. pp. 238–239. ISBN 978-0-520-24340-8.

bartleby.com

American Heritage Dictionary (2000). "The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition – "Turk"". bartleby.com. Retrieved 7 December 2006.

bbc.com

http://www.bbc.com/persian/afghanistan/2009/02/090221_a-afg-mother-language-day

blogcu.com

halapturkmen.blogcu.com

«نسخه آرشیو شده». بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۲۱ سپتامبر ۲۰۱۳. دریافت‌شده در ۳۰ مه ۲۰۲۰.

bolaq.org

"Sunni Hazaras of Afghanistan". September 17, 2020.

books.google.com

West, Barbara A. (19 May 2010). Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Asia and Oceania, p. 826. Infobase. ISBN 978-1-4381-1913-7. Retrieved 24 June 2020.
Golden, Peter B. "Some Thoughts on the Origins of the Turks and the Shaping of the Turkic Peoples". (2006) In: Contact and Exchange in the Ancient World. Ed. Victor H. Mair. University of Hawai'i Press. p. 143.
Hyun Jin Kim: The Huns, Rome and the Birth of Europe. Cambridge University Press, 2013. pp.175–176.
Bosworth, C.E. (1 January 1998). History of Civilizations of Central Asia (به انگلیسی). UNESCO. pp. 430–431. ISBN 978-92-3-103467-1.
The History of the Seljuq Turks: From the Jami Al-Tawarikh (0700713425&id=jmMpaJZemk0C&pg=PA3 LINK بایگانی‌شده در ۲۵ فوریه ۲۰۱۷ توسط Wayback Machine)
Shaw, Stanford. History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey (0521291631&id=UVmsI0P9RDUC&pg=PA7 LINK بایگانی‌شده در ۲۵ فوریه ۲۰۱۷ توسط Wayback Machine)
http://books.google.com/books?id=-LWbBMm27w8C&lpg=PP1&pg=PT84#v=onepage&q&f=false
Kobishchanov, Yuri et al. Axum. Pennsylvania State University Press, 1979; p. 89
Peoples of Western Asia By Marshall Cavendish Corporation
Josef W. Meri (2005). Medieval Islamic Civilization. Routledge. p. 812. ISBN 978-0-415-96690-0.
Gijsbert Oonk (2007). Global Indian Diasporas: Exploring Trajectories of Migration and Theory. Amsterdam University Press. p. 36. ISBN 978-90-5356-035-8.
André Wink (2003). Indo-Islamic society: 14th – 15th centuries. p. 139.

brill.com

(Lee و Kuang 2017، ص. 200) Lee, Joo-Yup; Kuang, Shuntu (18 October 2017). "A Comparative Analysis of Chinese Historical Sources and Y-DNA Studies with Regard to the Early and Medieval Turkic Peoples". Inner Asia. Brill. 19 (2): 197–239. doi:10.1163/22105018-12340089. ISSN 2210-5018. Retrieved 20 June 2020.

brillonline.nl

Bosworth, C.E. ; Doerfer, G. «K̲H̲alad̲j̲.» Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition. Edited by: P. Bearman , Th. Bianquis , C.E. Bosworth , E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. Brill, 2008. Brill Online. UNIVERSITEITSBIBLIOTHEEK LEIDEN. 04 November 2008 <http://www.brillonline.nl/subscriber/entry?entry=islam_COM-0485^{^{[پیوند مرده]}}>

britannica.com

{{cite http://durnanews.ir/?p=14308 web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/46833/Azerbaijani%7Ctitle=Azerbaijani (people)|work=Encyclopædia Britannica|accessdate=24 January 2012}}
"Ghaznavid dynasty | Turkic dynasty". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-29.
"Oğuz | people". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-29.
"Battle of Manzikert | Summary". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-30.
"Alp-Arslan | Seljuq sultan". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-30.
"Seljuq | History & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-30.
"Khwārezm-Shāh Dynasty | Turkish dynasty". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-28.
"Timur | Biography, Conquests, Empire, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-30.
"Timurid dynasty | History, Architecture, & Meaning". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-30.
"Timur | Biography, Conquests, Empire, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-30.
"Ak Koyunlu | Turkmen tribal federation". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-29.
"Kizilbash | Ṣafavid history". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-29.
"Nādir Shāh | Iranian ruler". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-26.
"Nādir Shāh | Iranian ruler". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-26.
"Qājār dynasty | Iranian dynasty". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-30.
"Mamluk | History, Significance, Leaders, & Decline". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-29.
"Baḥrī period | Mamlūk history". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-29.
"Ṭūlūnid Dynasty | Egyptian history". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-29.
Britannica (2012), Tlemcen, Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online
https://www.britannica.com/place/Russia/Mixed-and-deciduous-forest#ref422354
"Seljuq | History & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-28.
"Timur | Biography, Conquests, Empire, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-28.
«Turkic peoples». Encyclopædia Britannica. دریافت‌شده در ۲۵ ژوئیهٔ ۲۰۱۳.
«Chuvash». Encyclopedia Britannica.
«Sakha». Encyclopedia Britannica.
"Khwārezm-Shāh Dynasty | Turkish dynasty". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-29.
"Timurid dynasty | History, Architecture, & Meaning". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-29.
"Timur | Biography, Conquests, Empire, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-29.
"Kara Koyunlu | Turkmen tribal federation". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-29.
"Nādir Shāh | Iranian ruler". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-29.
"Ottoman Empire | Facts, History, & Map". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-29.
"Mughal dynasty | History, Map, Rulers, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-29.
"Mughal dynasty | History, Map, Rulers, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-29.
"Sultanate of Rūm". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-29.
"Ikhshīdids Dynasty | Muslim Turkish dynasty". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). p. Ikhshīdids Dynasty, Muslim Turkish dynasty from Fergana in Central Asia that ruled Egypt and Syria from 935 to 969. The founder, Muḥammad ibn Ṭughj, appointed governor of Egypt. Retrieved 2021-02-28.
«Artuqid Dynasty | Turkmen dynasty | Britannica».
"Qarakhanid Dynasty | Asian history". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-29.
"History of Central Asia - The Middle Ages". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-29.
"Turfan | China". Encyclopedia Britannica (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2020-05-29.

cgie.org.ir

«دائرةالمعارف بزرگ اسلامی». ۲۰۱۱. بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۶ دسامبر ۲۰۱۱. دریافت‌شده در سه ژوئن ۲۰۱۱. تاریخ وارد شده در |تاریخ بازدید= را بررسی کنید (کمک)
«نسخه آرشیو شده». بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۶ ژوئیه ۲۰۱۲. دریافت‌شده در ۱۴ آوریل ۲۰۱۸.
«دائرةالمعارف بزرگ اسلامی - افشار». بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۵ نوامبر ۲۰۱۰. دریافت‌شده در ۲۸ اوت ۲۰۱۶.
«دائرةالمعارف بزرگ اسلامی | مرکز دائرةالمعارف بزرگ اسلامی».

cia.gov

"Turkey". The World Factbook. Archived from the original on 20 September 2017. Retrieved 21 December 2014. "Population: 81,619,392 (July 2014 est.)" "Ethnic groups: Turkish 70–75%, Kurdish 18%, other minorities 7–12% (2008 est.)" 70% of 81.6m = 57.1m, 75% of 81.6m = 61.2m
"Uzbekistan". The World Factbook. Archived from the original on 5 January 2019. Retrieved 21 December 2014. "Population: 28,929,716 (July 2014 est.)" "Ethnic groups: Uzbek 80%, Russian 5.5%, Tajik 5%, Kazakh 3%, Karakalpak 2.5%, Tatar 1.5%, other 2.5% (1996 est.)" Assuming Uzbek, Kazakh, Karakalpak and Tartar are included as Turks, 80% + 3% + 2.5% + 1.5% = 87%. 87% of 28.9m = 25.2m
"Kazakhstan". The World Factbook. Archived from the original on 24 December 2018. Retrieved 21 December 2014. "Population: 17,948,816 (July 2014 est.)" "Ethnic groups: Kazakh (Qazaq) 63.1%, Russian 23.7%, Uzbek 2.9%, Ukrainian 2.1%, Uighur 1.4%, Tatar 1.3%, German 1.1%, other 4.4% (2009 est.)" Assuming Kazakh, Uzbek, Uighur and Tatar are included as Turks, 63.1% + 2.9% + 1.4% + 1.3% = 68.7%. 68.7% of 17.9m = 12.3m
"China". The World Factbook. Archived from the original on 11 October 2016. Retrieved 13 May 2014.
"Azerbaijan". The World Factbook. Archived from the original on 9 July 2016. Retrieved 30 July 2016. "Population: 9,780,780 (July 2015 est.)"
"Turkmenistan". The World Factbook. Retrieved 13 May 2014.^{^{[پیوند مرده]}}
"Kyrgyzstan". The World Factbook. Archived from the original on 27 November 2015. Retrieved 13 May 2014.
"Afghanistan". The World Factbook. Archived from the original on 9 July 2016. Retrieved 13 May 2014.
"Iraq". The World Factbook. Archived from the original on 24 December 2018. Retrieved 13 May 2014.
"Tajikistan". The World Factbook. Archived from the original on 12 June 2007. Retrieved 13 May 2014.
"Georgia". The World Factbook. Archived from the original on 16 October 2015. Retrieved 13 May 2014.
"Mongolia". The World Factbook. Archived from the original on 29 December 2010. Retrieved 13 May 2014.
"Pakistan". The World Factbook. Archived from the original on 24 May 2020. Retrieved 13 May 2014.
"Moldova". The World Factbook. Archived from the original on 7 January 2019. Retrieved 13 May 2014.
"Macedonia". The World Factbook. Archived from the original on 28 January 2018. Retrieved 13 May 2014.
"CIA - The World Factbook". Cia.gov. Archived from the original on 21 January 2017. Retrieved 2011-05-16.
Central Intelligence Agency. "The World Factbook: Iraq". Archived from the original on 24 December 2018. Retrieved 2011-11-29.

dana.ir

«نسخه آرشیو شده». بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۳۰ ژانویه ۲۰۲۲. دریافت‌شده در ۱۴ آوریل ۲۰۱۸.

devplan.org

TRNC بایگانی‌شده در ۸ ژانویه ۲۰۱۶ توسط Wayback Machine SPO, Economic and Social Indicators 2014, pages=2–3

doi.org

Mehrjoo, Zohreh; Fattahi, Zohreh; Beheshtian, Maryam; Mohseni, Marzieh; Poustchi, Hossein; Ardalani, Fariba; Jalalvand, Khadijeh; Arzhangi, Sanaz; Mohammadi, Zahra (۲۴ سپتامبر ۲۰۱۹). "Distinct genetic variation and heterogeneity of the Iranian population". PLOS Genetics (به انگلیسی). 15 (9): e1008385. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1008385. ISSN 1553-7404. PMC 6759149. PMID 31550250.{{cite journal}}: نگهداری یادکرد:فرمت پارامتر PMC (link)
Mehrjoo, Zohreh; Fattahi, Zohreh; Beheshtian, Maryam; Mohseni, Marzieh; Poustchi, Hossein; Ardalani, Fariba; Jalalvand, Khadijeh; Arzhangi, Sanaz; Mohammadi, Zahra (۲۴ سپتامبر ۲۰۱۹). "Distinct genetic variation and heterogeneity of the Iranian population". PLOS Genetics (به انگلیسی). 15 (9): e1008385. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1008385. ISSN 1553-7404. PMC 6759149. PMID 31550250.{{cite journal}}: نگهداری یادکرد:فرمت پارامتر PMC (link)
Golden, Peter B. (2018-07-25). "The Ethnogonic Tales of the Türks". The Medieval History Journal. 21 (2): 291–327. doi:10.1177/0971945818775373. S2CID 166026934.
Vivin, Alexander (2019). "A Sketch of the Earliest Mongolic Language: the Brāhmī Bugut and Khüis Tolgoi Inscriptions". International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics. 1 (1): 162–197. doi:10.1163/25898833-12340008. S2CID 198833565.
(Lee و Kuang 2017، ص. 200) Lee, Joo-Yup; Kuang, Shuntu (18 October 2017). "A Comparative Analysis of Chinese Historical Sources and Y-DNA Studies with Regard to the Early and Medieval Turkic Peoples". Inner Asia. Brill. 19 (2): 197–239. doi:10.1163/22105018-12340089. ISSN 2210-5018. Retrieved 20 June 2020.
Yunusbayev, Bayazit; Metspalu, Mait; Metspalu, Ene; Valeev, Albert; Litvinov, Sergei; Valiev, Ruslan; Akhmetova, Vita; Balanovska, Elena; Balanovsky, Oleg (2015-04-21). "The Genetic Legacy of the Expansion of Turkic-Speaking Nomads across Eurasia". PLoS Genetics. 11 (4): e1005068. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005068. ISSN 1553-7390. PMC 4405460. PMID 25898006. The origin and early dispersal history of the Turkic peoples is disputed, with candidates for their ancient homeland ranging from the Transcaspian steppe to Manchuria in Northeast Asia,
Rein Taagepera (September 1997). "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia". International Studies Quarterly. 41 (3): 497. doi:10.1111/0020-8833.00053. JSTOR 2600793.

durnanews.ir

{{cite http://durnanews.ir/?p=14308 web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/46833/Azerbaijani%7Ctitle=Azerbaijani (people)|work=Encyclopædia Britannica|accessdate=24 January 2012}}

eb.com

search.eb.com

«Turkic peoples». Encyclopædia Britannica.

echo.msk.ru

Сергей, Шойгу. "Сергей Шойгу — Без дураков — Эхо Москвы, 23.04.2008". Эхо Москвы (به روسی). Retrieved 2020-05-31.

ekurd.net

http://ekurd.net/mismas/articles/misc2012/9/turkey4166.htm

encyclopaediaislamica.com

«ترک / ترکها». دانشنامهٔ جهان اسلام.
«حماسه در ادبیات ترکی». دانشنامهٔ جهان اسلام.

escholarship.org

Rein Taagepera (September 1997). "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia". International Studies Quarterly. 41 (3): 497. doi:10.1111/0020-8833.00053. JSTOR 2600793.

ethnologue.com

ethnomuseum.ru

Российский этнографический музей. Афшары بایگانی‌شده در ۲۴ مه ۲۰۱۲ توسط Wayback Machine.

eupedia.com

Maciamo. "Eupedia". Eupedia (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2023-07-27.

everyculture.com

«Yakut - Religion and Expressive Culture». everyculture.

factsanddetails.com

http://factsanddetails.com/asian/cat65/sub424/entry-5879.html

fis-iran.org

«Fis - قاجار». بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۱۱ ژوئن ۲۰۱۲. دریافت‌شده در ۶ مارس ۲۰۰۸.

globalsecurity.org

Nissman, David (5 March 1999), "The Iraqi Turkomans: Who They Are and What They Want", Iraq Report, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, 2 (9)

helsinki.fi

helda.helsinki.fi

Xu Elina-Qian, Historical Development of the Pre-Dynastic Khitan, University of Helsinki, 2005. p. 176.

hkedcity.net

newasia.proj.hkedcity.net

"新亞研究所 – 典籍資料庫". Archived from the original on 21 February 2014. Retrieved 18 March 2015.

info.md

gagauzia.info.md

«Culture». gagauzia. بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۲۸ مه ۲۰۱۴.

iranicaonline.org

http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/sogdian-trade
C. E. Bosworth: Khwarazmshahs i. Descendants of the line of Anuštigin. In Encyclopaedia Iranica, online ed. , 2009: "Little specific is known about the internal functioning of the Khwarazmian state, but its bureaucracy, directed as it was by Persian officials, must have followed the Saljuq model. This is the impression gained from the various Khwarazmian chancery and financial documents preserved in the collections of enšāʾdocuments and epistles from this period. The authors of at least three of these collections—Rašid-al-Din Vaṭvāṭ (d. 1182-83 or 1187-88), with his two collections of rasāʾel, and Bahāʾ-al-Din Baḡdādi, compiler of the important Ketāb al-tawaṣṣol elā al-tarassol—were heads of the Khwarazmian chancery. The Khwarazmshahs had viziers as their chief executives, on the traditional pattern, and only as the dynasty approached its end did ʿAlāʾ-al-Din Moḥammad in ca. 615/1218 divide up the office amongst six commissioners (wakildārs; see Kafesoğlu, pp. 5-8, 17; Horst, pp. 10-12, 25, and passim). Nor is much specifically known of court life in Gorgānj under the Khwarazmshahs, but they had, like other rulers of their age, their court eulogists, and as well as being a noted stylist, Rašid-al-Din Vaṭvāṭ also had a considerable reputation as a poet in Persian."
C. E. Bosworth, "Chorasmia ii. In Islamic times" in: Encyclopaedia Iranica (reference to Turkish scholar Kafesoğlu), v, p. 140, Online Edition: "The governors were often Turkish slave commanders of the Saljuqs; one of them was Anūštigin Ḡaṛčaʾī, whose son Qoṭb-al-Dīn Moḥammad began in 490/1097 what became in effect a hereditary and largely independent line of ḵǰᵛārazmšāhs." (LINK)
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Pierre Oberling (July 20, 2003). "QAŠQĀʾI TRIBAL CONFEDERACY i. HISTORY". [[دانشنامه ایرانیکا|Encyclopædia Iranica]] (به انگلیسی). Vol. ۱. Bibliotheca Persica Press. Archived from the original on 02 April 2013. Retrieved July 20, 2003. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Check date values in: |تاریخ بایگانی= (help); URL–wikilink conflict (help)

wikipedia.org

en.wikipedia.org

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkic_peoples
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مشارکت‌کنندگان ویکی‌پدیا. «Turkic peoples». در دانشنامهٔ ویکی‌پدیای انگلیسی، بازبینی‌شده در ۲۵ ژوئیهٔ ۲۰۱۳.

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« The number of Turkmens in Syria is not fully known, with unconfirmed estimates ranging between 800,000 and one million. »
Mehrjoo, Zohreh; Fattahi, Zohreh; Beheshtian, Maryam; Mohseni, Marzieh; Poustchi, Hossein; Ardalani, Fariba; Jalalvand, Khadijeh; Arzhangi, Sanaz; Mohammadi, Zahra (۲۴ سپتامبر ۲۰۱۹). "Distinct genetic variation and heterogeneity of the Iranian population". PLOS Genetics (به انگلیسی). 15 (9): e1008385. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1008385. ISSN 1553-7404. PMC 6759149. PMID 31550250.{{cite journal}}: نگهداری یادکرد:فرمت پارامتر PMC (link)
Mehrjoo, Zohreh; Fattahi, Zohreh; Beheshtian, Maryam; Mohseni, Marzieh; Poustchi, Hossein; Ardalani, Fariba; Jalalvand, Khadijeh; Arzhangi, Sanaz; Mohammadi, Zahra (۲۴ سپتامبر ۲۰۱۹). "Distinct genetic variation and heterogeneity of the Iranian population". PLOS Genetics (به انگلیسی). 15 (9): e1008385. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1008385. ISSN 1553-7404. PMC 6759149. PMID 31550250.{{cite journal}}: نگهداری یادکرد:فرمت پارامتر PMC (link)
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«نسخه آرشیو شده». بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۱۵ ژوئیه ۲۰۱۵. دریافت‌شده در ۱۵ سپتامبر ۲۰۱۲.

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