«ESMĀʿĪL I ṢAFAWĪ – Encyclopaedia Iranica». iranicaonline.org. ص. The establishment of the Safavid state and the consolidation of Safavid power in Persia٫ In ۹۰۶/۱۵۰۰ Esmāʿīl mobilized at Arzenjān a force of ۷,۰۰۰ Turkman tribesmen from the qezelbāš tribes of Ostājlū, Rūmlū, Takkalū, Ḏu’l-Qadar, Afšār, Qājār. دریافتشده در ۲۰۲۱-۰۲-۱۹.
«Encyclopaedia Iranica» (به انگلیسی). ص. Each clan migrated to a different part of Persia, with their leaders appointed as governor of the area once the Safavids conquered it٫ Thus the Ostājlu were located in Azerbaijan and in part in ʿErāq-e ʿAjam and Kermān; the Qarāmānlu hailed from Širvān; the Šāmlu resided in Khorasan; the Tekellu held Isfahan, Hamadan, and parts of ʿErāq-e ʿAjam; Fārs was in the hands of the Ḏu’l-Qadr, the Afšār dominated in Kuhgiluya and Khuzestan (Ḵuzestān), and Baghdad rested under the Mawṣellu, a smaller tribe and offshoot of the Āq Qoyunlu٫.
«Encyclopaedia Iranica». ص. In fact, a migration of Turkish tribal elements from Anatolia and Syria to Persia, dating from the ۱۴th century, greatly contributed to the initial strength of the Safavid cause and their viability as a political dynasty.
