بازده روشنایی (Persian Wikipedia)

Roger A. Messenger and Jerry Ventre (2004). Photovoltaic systems engineering (Second ed.). CRC Press. p. ۱۲۳. ISBN 9780849317934.
Erik Reinhard, Erum Arif Khan, Ahmet Oğuz Akyüz, and Garrett Johnson (2008). Color imaging: fundamentals and applications. A K Peters, Ltd. p. ۳۳۸. ISBN 9781568813448.{{cite book}}: نگهداری یادکرد:نام‌های متعدد:فهرست نویسندگان (link)
Westermaier, F. V. (1920). "Recent Developments in Gas Street Lighting". The American City. New York: Civic Press. 22 (5): 490.

bulbamerica.com

"BulbAmerica.com". Bulbamerica.com. Archived from the original on 1 December 2012. Retrieved 2010-02-20.
"BulbAmerica Cold Cathode Energy Efficient Light Bulb Specifications".

bulbs.ch

«Bulbs: Gluehbirne.ch: Philips Standard Lamps (German)». بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۱۵ مه ۲۰۱۲. دریافت‌شده در ۶ دسامبر ۲۰۱۲.

ccri.edu

Keefe, T.J. (2007). "The Nature of Light". Archived from the original on 1 June 2012. Retrieved 2007-11-05.

cree.com

"Cree XLamp XP-G LEDs Data Sheet" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 January 2010. Retrieved 6 December 2012. Claims 132 lm/W.

electronicdesign.com

White LED Offers Broad Temp Range And Color Yield بایگانی‌شده در ۱۰ ژوئیه ۲۰۱۱ توسط Wayback Machine Electronicdesign (کوکی اچ‌تی‌تی‌پیs required) Otherwise see:Google Cache

energy.gov

www1.eere.energy.gov

Federal Energy Management Program (December 2000). "How to buy an energy-efficient fluorescent tube lamp". U.S. Department of Energy. Archived from the original on 2 July 2007. Retrieved 6 December 2012. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

energyfederation.org

"Low Mercury CFLs". Energy Federation Incorporated. Retrieved 2008-12-23.
"Conventional CFLs". Energy Federation Incorporated. Retrieved 2008-12-23.

energyrating.gov.au

Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, Australia. "Energy Labelling—Lamps". Archived from the original on 30 August 2007. Retrieved 2008-08-14.{{cite web}}: نگهداری یادکرد:نام‌های متعدد:فهرست نویسندگان (link)

iaeel.org

"1000-watt sulfur lamp now ready". IAEEL newsletter. No. 1. IAEEL. 1996. Archived from the original on 18 August 2003. Retrieved 6 December 2012.

ledsreview.com

Toshiba to release 93 lm/W LED bulb Ledrevie

misty.com

members.misty.com

Klipstein, Donald L. "The Brightest and Most Efficient LEDs and where to get them". Don Klipstein's Web Site. Retrieved 2008-01-15.

nichia.co.jp

"Nichia NSPWR70CSS-K1 specifications" (pdf). Nichia Corp. Retrieved April 26, 2009. ^{^{[پیوند مرده]}}

osram.de

"Osram halogen" (PDF). www.osram.de (به آلمانی). Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 November 2007. Retrieved 2008-01-28.

philips.com

lighting.philips.com

Philips Product Catalog بایگانی‌شده در ۱۵ ژوئیه ۲۰۱۱ توسط Wayback Machine (German)

physorg.com

White LEDs with super-high luminous efficacy physorg.com

pti-nj.com

"Technical Information on Lamps" (PDF). Optical Building Blocks. Archived from the original (pdf) on 28 April 2011. Retrieved 2010-05-01. Note that the figure of 150 lm/W given for xenon lamps appears to be a typo. The page contains other useful information.

rakuten.com

en.item.rakuten.com

Toshiba E-CORE LED Lamp^{^{[پیوند مرده]}}

signweb.com

"LED or Neon? A scientific comparison". Archived from the original on 9 April 2008. Retrieved 6 December 2012.

skinflint.co.uk

Phillips. "Phillips Master". Retrieved 2010-12-21.

tlt.co.jp

archive Toshiba E-CORE LED Lamp LDA5N-E17

ts-audio.biz

"Osram Miniwatt-Halogen". www.ts-audio.biz. Archived from the original on 17 February 2012. Retrieved 2008-01-28.

ucsd.edu

physics.ucsd.edu

"Maximum Efficiency of White Light" (PDF). Retrieved 2011-07-31.

venturelighting.com

"The Metal Halide Advantage". Venture Lighting. 2007. Archived from the original on 17 February 2012. Retrieved 2008-08-10.

virgin.net

freespace.virgin.net

Klipstein, Donald L. (1996). "The Great Internet Light Bulb Book, Part I". Archived from the original on 1 June 2012. Retrieved 2006-04-16.

web.archive.org

«Bulbs: Gluehbirne.ch: Philips Standard Lamps (German)». بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۱۵ مه ۲۰۱۲. دریافت‌شده در ۶ دسامبر ۲۰۱۲.
Philips Product Catalog بایگانی‌شده در ۱۵ ژوئیه ۲۰۱۱ توسط Wayback Machine (German)
"Osram halogen" (PDF). www.osram.de (به آلمانی). Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 November 2007. Retrieved 2008-01-28.
White LED Offers Broad Temp Range And Color Yield بایگانی‌شده در ۱۰ ژوئیه ۲۰۱۱ توسط Wayback Machine Electronicdesign (کوکی اچ‌تی‌تی‌پیs required) Otherwise see:Google Cache
"Cree XLamp XP-G LEDs Data Sheet" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 January 2010. Retrieved 6 December 2012. Claims 132 lm/W.
archive Toshiba E-CORE LED Lamp LDA5N-E17
«Lite Gear LED PAR 30 7W Light Bulb». بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۲۱ مارس ۲۰۱۲. دریافت‌شده در ۶ دسامبر ۲۰۱۲.
"Technical Information on Lamps" (PDF). Optical Building Blocks. Archived from the original (pdf) on 28 April 2011. Retrieved 2010-05-01. Note that the figure of 150 lm/W given for xenon lamps appears to be a typo. The page contains other useful information.
Federal Energy Management Program (December 2000). "How to buy an energy-efficient fluorescent tube lamp". U.S. Department of Energy. Archived from the original on 2 July 2007. Retrieved 6 December 2012. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
Department of the Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts, Australia. "Energy Labelling—Lamps". Archived from the original on 30 August 2007. Retrieved 2008-08-14.{{cite web}}: نگهداری یادکرد:نام‌های متعدد:فهرست نویسندگان (link)
"BulbAmerica.com". Bulbamerica.com. Archived from the original on 1 December 2012. Retrieved 2010-02-20.
"1000-watt sulfur lamp now ready". IAEEL newsletter. No. 1. IAEEL. 1996. Archived from the original on 18 August 2003. Retrieved 6 December 2012.
"LED or Neon? A scientific comparison". Archived from the original on 9 April 2008. Retrieved 6 December 2012.
"Why is lightning coloured? (gas excitations)". Archived from the original on 17 February 2012. Retrieved 6 December 2012.

webcitation.org

Keefe, T.J. (2007). "The Nature of Light". Archived from the original on 1 June 2012. Retrieved 2007-11-05.
"Osram Miniwatt-Halogen". www.ts-audio.biz. Archived from the original on 17 February 2012. Retrieved 2008-01-28.
Klipstein, Donald L. (1996). "The Great Internet Light Bulb Book, Part I". Archived from the original on 1 June 2012. Retrieved 2006-04-16.
"The Metal Halide Advantage". Venture Lighting. 2007. Archived from the original on 17 February 2012. Retrieved 2008-08-10.

webexhibits.org

"Why is lightning coloured? (gas excitations)". Archived from the original on 17 February 2012. Retrieved 6 December 2012.

wikipedia.org

de.wikipedia.org

Black body visible spectrum