Tatiana M. Karafet, Ludmila P. Osipova, Olga V. Savina, et al. (2018), "Siberian genetic diversity reveals complex origins of the Samoyedic-speaking populations." Am J Hum Biol. 2018;e23194. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajhb.23194. DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23194.
«Encyclopaedia Iranica». ص. the historical works of that time generally use the vague term Turkoman instead of more specific names for any and all Turkic tribes.
«Encyclopaedia Iranica». ص. The Bīgdelī of Iran٫ In addition to tribes from Anatolia, tribes from northern Syria, collectively known as Šāmlū and consisting mainly of Turkmen, played a part in the establishment of the Safavid state in ۱۵۰۱٫ (The word Turkman had originally meant Oghuz non-Muslims, but from the ۱۴th century onward meant Oghuz nomads٫).
