تنوع ژنتیکی انسان (Persian Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "تنوع ژنتیکی انسان" in Persian language version.

refsWebsite

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36nih.gov

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25doi.org

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4harvard.edu

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2sciencedaily.com

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2web.archive.org

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1darwin-online.org.uk

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1books.google.com

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1jstor.org

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1archive.today

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1scientificamerican.com

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1bionews.org.uk

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1ssrc.org

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1biorxiv.org

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archive.today

"Ethnicity tied to gene expression". The Scientist. 9 January 2007. Archived from the original on 8 May 2015. Retrieved 2011-09-05.

bionews.org.uk

"Variable gene expression seen in different ethnic groups". BioNews.org. 15 January 2007. Archived from the original on 26 March 2016. Retrieved 2011-09-05.

biorxiv.org

Albers, Patrick K.; McVean, Gil (2018-09-13). "Dating genomic variants and shared ancestry in population-scale sequencing data". bioRxiv (به انگلیسی): 416610. doi:10.1101/416610.

books.google.com

Jablonski, Nina G. (10 January 2014). Living Color: The Biological and Social Meaning of Skin Color. University of California Press. doi:10.1525/j.ctt1pn64b. ISBN 978-0-520-28386-2. JSTOR 10.1525/j.ctt1pn64b. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |doi_brokendate= ignored (|doi-broken-date= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |laydate= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |layurl= ignored (help)

darwin-online.org.uk

"The descent of man Chapter 6 – On the Affinities and Genealogy of Man". Darwin-online.org.uk. Retrieved 11 January 2011. In each great region of the world the living mammals are closely related to the extinct species of the same region. It is, therefore, probable that Africa was formerly inhabited by extinct apes closely allied to the gorilla and chimpanzee; and as these two species are now man's nearest allies, it is somewhat more probable that our early progenitors lived on the African continent than elsewhere. But it is useless to speculate on this subject, for an ape nearly as large as a man, namely the Dryopithecus of Lartet, which was closely allied to the anthropomorphous Hylobates, existed in Europe during the Upper Miocene period; and since so remote a period the earth has certainly undergone many great revolutions, and there has been ample time for migration on the largest scale.

doi.org

Bruder CE, Piotrowski A, Gijsbers AA, Andersson R, Erickson S, Diaz de Ståhl T, et al. (March 2008). "Phenotypically concordant and discordant monozygotic twins display different DNA copy-number-variation profiles". American Journal of Human Genetics. 82 (3): 763–71. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2007.12.011. PMC 2427204. PMID 18304490.
Auton A, Brooks LD, Durbin RM, Garrison EP, Kang HM, Korbel JO, et al. (October 2015). "A global reference for human genetic variation". Nature. 526 (7571): 68–74. Bibcode:2015Natur.526...68T. doi:10.1038/nature15393. PMC 4750478. PMID 26432245.
Conrad DF, Keebler JE, DePristo MA, Lindsay SJ, Zhang Y, Casals F, et al. (June 2011). "Variation in genome-wide mutation rates within and between human families". Nature Genetics. 43 (7): 712–4. doi:10.1038/ng.862. PMC 3322360. PMID 21666693.
Guo J, Wu Y, Zhu Z, Zheng Z, Trzaskowski M, Zeng J, Robinson MR, Visscher PM, Yang J (May 2018). "Global genetic differentiation of complex traits shaped by natural selection in humans". Nature Communications. 9 (1): 1865. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-04191-y. PMC 5951811. PMID 29760457.
Wang ET, Kodama G, Baldi P, Moyzis RK (January 2006). "Global landscape of recent inferred Darwinian selection for Homo sapiens". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 103 (1): 135–40. doi:10.1073/pnas.0509691102. PMC 1317879. PMID 16371466. By these criteria, 1.6% of Perlegen SNPs were found to exhibit the genetic architecture of selection.
Kidd JM, Cooper GM, Donahue WF, Hayden HS, Sampas N, Graves T, et al. (May 2008). "Mapping and sequencing of structural variation from eight human genomes". Nature. 453 (7191): 56–64. Bibcode:2008Natur.453...56K. doi:10.1038/nature06862. PMC 2424287. PMID 18451855.
Driscoll DA, Gross S (June 2009). "Clinical practice. Prenatal screening for aneuploidy". The New England Journal of Medicine. 360 (24): 2556–62. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp0900134. PMID 19516035.
Jorde LB, Wooding SP (November 2004). "Genetic variation, classification and 'race'". Nature Genetics. 36 (11 Suppl): S28–33. doi:10.1038/ng1435. PMID 15508000.
Tishkoff SA, Kidd KK (November 2004). "Implications of biogeography of human populations for 'race' and medicine". Nature Genetics. 36 (11 Suppl): S21–7. doi:10.1038/ng1438. PMID 15507999.
Mullaney JM, Mills RE, Pittard WS, Devine SE (October 2010). "Small insertions and deletions (INDELs) in human genomes". Human Molecular Genetics. 19 (R2): R131–6. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddq400. PMC 2953750. PMID 20858594.
Auton A, Brooks LD, Durbin RM, Garrison EP, Kang HM, Korbel JO, et al. (October 2015). "A global reference for human genetic variation". Nature. 526 (7571): 68–74. doi:10.1038/nature15393. PMC 4750478. PMID 26432245.
Lewontin, Richard C. (1972). The Apportionment of Human Diversity. Evolutionary Biology. Vol. 6. pp. 381–97. doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-9063-3_14. ISBN 978-1-4684-9065-7.
Bamshad MJ, Wooding S, Watkins WS, Ostler CT, Batzer MA, Jorde LB (March 2003). "Human population genetic structure and inference of group membership". American Journal of Human Genetics. 72 (3): 578–89. doi:10.1086/368061. PMC 1180234. PMID 12557124.
Jablonski, Nina G. (10 January 2014). Living Color: The Biological and Social Meaning of Skin Color. University of California Press. doi:10.1525/j.ctt1pn64b. ISBN 978-0-520-28386-2. JSTOR 10.1525/j.ctt1pn64b. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |doi_brokendate= ignored (|doi-broken-date= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |laydate= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |layurl= ignored (help)
Grubert F, Zaugg JB, Kasowski M, Ursu O, Spacek DV, Martin AR, et al. (August 2015). "Genetic Control of Chromatin States in Humans Involves Local and Distal Chromosomal Interactions". Cell. 162 (5): 1051–65. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.07.048. PMC 4556133. PMID 26300125.
Cenik C, Cenik ES, Byeon GW, Grubert F, Candille SI, Spacek D, et al. (November 2015). "Integrative analysis of RNA, translation, and protein levels reveals distinct regulatory variation across humans". Genome Research. 25 (11): 1610–21. doi:10.1101/gr.193342.115. PMC 4617958. PMID 26297486.
Wu L, Candille SI, Choi Y, Xie D, Jiang L, Li-Pook-Than J, Tang H, Snyder M (July 2013). "Variation and genetic control of protein abundance in humans". Nature. 499 (7456): 79–82. Bibcode:2013Natur.499...79W. doi:10.1038/nature12223. PMC 3789121. PMID 23676674.
Spielman RS, Bastone LA, Burdick JT, Morley M, Ewens WJ, Cheung VG (February 2007). "Common genetic variants account for differences in gene expression among ethnic groups". Nature Genetics. 39 (2): 226–31. doi:10.1038/ng1955. PMC 3005333. PMID 17206142.
Check E (2007). "Genetic expression speaks as loudly as gene type". Nature News. doi:10.1038/news070101-8.
Keita SO, Kittles RA, Royal CD, Bonney GE, Furbert-Harris P, Dunston GM, Rotimi CN (November 2004). "Conceptualizing human variation". Nature Genetics. 36 (11 Suppl): S17–20. doi:10.1038/ng1455. PMID 15507998.
Hawks, John (2013). Significance of Neandertal and Denisovan Genomes in Human Evolution. Annual Review of Anthropology. Vol. 42. Annual Reviews. pp. 433–49. doi:10.1146/annurev-anthro-092412-155548. ISBN 978-0-8243-1942-7.
Rosenberg NA, Mahajan S, Gonzalez-Quevedo C, Blum MG, Nino-Rosales L, Ninis V, et al. (December 2006). "Low levels of genetic divergence across geographically and linguistically diverse populations from India". PLoS Genetics. 2 (12): e215. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.0020215. PMC 1713257. PMID 17194221.
Albers, Patrick K.; McVean, Gil (2018-09-13). "Dating genomic variants and shared ancestry in population-scale sequencing data". bioRxiv (به انگلیسی): 416610. doi:10.1101/416610.
Winkler CA, Nelson GW, Smith MW (2010). "Admixture mapping comes of age". Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics. 11: 65–89. doi:10.1146/annurev-genom-082509-141523. PMID 20594047.
Bryc K, Auton A, Nelson MR, Oksenberg JR, Hauser SL, Williams S, et al. (January 2010). "Genome-wide patterns of population structure and admixture in West Africans and African Americans". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 107 (2): 786–91. Bibcode:2010PNAS..107..786B. doi:10.1073/pnas.0909559107. PMC 2818934. PMID 20080753.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Auton A, Brooks LD, Durbin RM, Garrison EP, Kang HM, Korbel JO, et al. (October 2015). "A global reference for human genetic variation". Nature. 526 (7571): 68–74. Bibcode:2015Natur.526...68T. doi:10.1038/nature15393. PMC 4750478. PMID 26432245.
Kidd JM, Cooper GM, Donahue WF, Hayden HS, Sampas N, Graves T, et al. (May 2008). "Mapping and sequencing of structural variation from eight human genomes". Nature. 453 (7191): 56–64. Bibcode:2008Natur.453...56K. doi:10.1038/nature06862. PMC 2424287. PMID 18451855.
Wu L, Candille SI, Choi Y, Xie D, Jiang L, Li-Pook-Than J, Tang H, Snyder M (July 2013). "Variation and genetic control of protein abundance in humans". Nature. 499 (7456): 79–82. Bibcode:2013Natur.499...79W. doi:10.1038/nature12223. PMC 3789121. PMID 23676674.
Bryc K, Auton A, Nelson MR, Oksenberg JR, Hauser SL, Williams S, et al. (January 2010). "Genome-wide patterns of population structure and admixture in West Africans and African Americans". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 107 (2): 786–91. Bibcode:2010PNAS..107..786B. doi:10.1073/pnas.0909559107. PMC 2818934. PMID 20080753.

jstor.org

Jablonski, Nina G. (10 January 2014). Living Color: The Biological and Social Meaning of Skin Color. University of California Press. doi:10.1525/j.ctt1pn64b. ISBN 978-0-520-28386-2. JSTOR 10.1525/j.ctt1pn64b. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |doi_brokendate= ignored (|doi-broken-date= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |laydate= ignored (help); Unknown parameter |layurl= ignored (help)

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Bruder CE, Piotrowski A, Gijsbers AA, Andersson R, Erickson S, Diaz de Ståhl T, et al. (March 2008). "Phenotypically concordant and discordant monozygotic twins display different DNA copy-number-variation profiles". American Journal of Human Genetics. 82 (3): 763–71. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2007.12.011. PMC 2427204. PMID 18304490.
Auton A, Brooks LD, Durbin RM, Garrison EP, Kang HM, Korbel JO, et al. (October 2015). "A global reference for human genetic variation". Nature. 526 (7571): 68–74. Bibcode:2015Natur.526...68T. doi:10.1038/nature15393. PMC 4750478. PMID 26432245.
Conrad DF, Keebler JE, DePristo MA, Lindsay SJ, Zhang Y, Casals F, et al. (June 2011). "Variation in genome-wide mutation rates within and between human families". Nature Genetics. 43 (7): 712–4. doi:10.1038/ng.862. PMC 3322360. PMID 21666693.
Guo J, Wu Y, Zhu Z, Zheng Z, Trzaskowski M, Zeng J, Robinson MR, Visscher PM, Yang J (May 2018). "Global genetic differentiation of complex traits shaped by natural selection in humans". Nature Communications. 9 (1): 1865. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-04191-y. PMC 5951811. PMID 29760457.
Wang ET, Kodama G, Baldi P, Moyzis RK (January 2006). "Global landscape of recent inferred Darwinian selection for Homo sapiens". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 103 (1): 135–40. doi:10.1073/pnas.0509691102. PMC 1317879. PMID 16371466. By these criteria, 1.6% of Perlegen SNPs were found to exhibit the genetic architecture of selection.
Kidd JM, Cooper GM, Donahue WF, Hayden HS, Sampas N, Graves T, et al. (May 2008). "Mapping and sequencing of structural variation from eight human genomes". Nature. 453 (7191): 56–64. Bibcode:2008Natur.453...56K. doi:10.1038/nature06862. PMC 2424287. PMID 18451855.
Driscoll DA, Gross S (June 2009). "Clinical practice. Prenatal screening for aneuploidy". The New England Journal of Medicine. 360 (24): 2556–62. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp0900134. PMID 19516035.
Jorde LB, Wooding SP (November 2004). "Genetic variation, classification and 'race'". Nature Genetics. 36 (11 Suppl): S28–33. doi:10.1038/ng1435. PMID 15508000.
Tishkoff SA, Kidd KK (November 2004). "Implications of biogeography of human populations for 'race' and medicine". Nature Genetics. 36 (11 Suppl): S21–7. doi:10.1038/ng1438. PMID 15507999.
Mullaney JM, Mills RE, Pittard WS, Devine SE (October 2010). "Small insertions and deletions (INDELs) in human genomes". Human Molecular Genetics. 19 (R2): R131–6. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddq400. PMC 2953750. PMID 20858594.
Auton A, Brooks LD, Durbin RM, Garrison EP, Kang HM, Korbel JO, et al. (October 2015). "A global reference for human genetic variation". Nature. 526 (7571): 68–74. doi:10.1038/nature15393. PMC 4750478. PMID 26432245.
Bamshad MJ, Wooding S, Watkins WS, Ostler CT, Batzer MA, Jorde LB (March 2003). "Human population genetic structure and inference of group membership". American Journal of Human Genetics. 72 (3): 578–89. doi:10.1086/368061. PMC 1180234. PMID 12557124.
Grubert F, Zaugg JB, Kasowski M, Ursu O, Spacek DV, Martin AR, et al. (August 2015). "Genetic Control of Chromatin States in Humans Involves Local and Distal Chromosomal Interactions". Cell. 162 (5): 1051–65. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.07.048. PMC 4556133. PMID 26300125.
Cenik C, Cenik ES, Byeon GW, Grubert F, Candille SI, Spacek D, et al. (November 2015). "Integrative analysis of RNA, translation, and protein levels reveals distinct regulatory variation across humans". Genome Research. 25 (11): 1610–21. doi:10.1101/gr.193342.115. PMC 4617958. PMID 26297486.
Wu L, Candille SI, Choi Y, Xie D, Jiang L, Li-Pook-Than J, Tang H, Snyder M (July 2013). "Variation and genetic control of protein abundance in humans". Nature. 499 (7456): 79–82. Bibcode:2013Natur.499...79W. doi:10.1038/nature12223. PMC 3789121. PMID 23676674.
Spielman RS, Bastone LA, Burdick JT, Morley M, Ewens WJ, Cheung VG (February 2007). "Common genetic variants account for differences in gene expression among ethnic groups". Nature Genetics. 39 (2): 226–31. doi:10.1038/ng1955. PMC 3005333. PMID 17206142.
Keita SO, Kittles RA, Royal CD, Bonney GE, Furbert-Harris P, Dunston GM, Rotimi CN (November 2004). "Conceptualizing human variation". Nature Genetics. 36 (11 Suppl): S17–20. doi:10.1038/ng1455. PMID 15507998.
Rosenberg NA, Mahajan S, Gonzalez-Quevedo C, Blum MG, Nino-Rosales L, Ninis V, et al. (December 2006). "Low levels of genetic divergence across geographically and linguistically diverse populations from India". PLoS Genetics. 2 (12): e215. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.0020215. PMC 1713257. PMID 17194221.
Winkler CA, Nelson GW, Smith MW (2010). "Admixture mapping comes of age". Annual Review of Genomics and Human Genetics. 11: 65–89. doi:10.1146/annurev-genom-082509-141523. PMID 20594047.
Bryc K, Auton A, Nelson MR, Oksenberg JR, Hauser SL, Williams S, et al. (January 2010). "Genome-wide patterns of population structure and admixture in West Africans and African Americans". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 107 (2): 786–91. Bibcode:2010PNAS..107..786B. doi:10.1073/pnas.0909559107. PMC 2818934. PMID 20080753.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Bruder CE, Piotrowski A, Gijsbers AA, Andersson R, Erickson S, Diaz de Ståhl T, et al. (March 2008). "Phenotypically concordant and discordant monozygotic twins display different DNA copy-number-variation profiles". American Journal of Human Genetics. 82 (3): 763–71. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2007.12.011. PMC 2427204. PMID 18304490.
Auton A, Brooks LD, Durbin RM, Garrison EP, Kang HM, Korbel JO, et al. (October 2015). "A global reference for human genetic variation". Nature. 526 (7571): 68–74. Bibcode:2015Natur.526...68T. doi:10.1038/nature15393. PMC 4750478. PMID 26432245.
Conrad DF, Keebler JE, DePristo MA, Lindsay SJ, Zhang Y, Casals F, et al. (June 2011). "Variation in genome-wide mutation rates within and between human families". Nature Genetics. 43 (7): 712–4. doi:10.1038/ng.862. PMC 3322360. PMID 21666693.
Guo J, Wu Y, Zhu Z, Zheng Z, Trzaskowski M, Zeng J, Robinson MR, Visscher PM, Yang J (May 2018). "Global genetic differentiation of complex traits shaped by natural selection in humans". Nature Communications. 9 (1): 1865. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-04191-y. PMC 5951811. PMID 29760457.
Wang ET, Kodama G, Baldi P, Moyzis RK (January 2006). "Global landscape of recent inferred Darwinian selection for Homo sapiens". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 103 (1): 135–40. doi:10.1073/pnas.0509691102. PMC 1317879. PMID 16371466. By these criteria, 1.6% of Perlegen SNPs were found to exhibit the genetic architecture of selection.
Kidd JM, Cooper GM, Donahue WF, Hayden HS, Sampas N, Graves T, et al. (May 2008). "Mapping and sequencing of structural variation from eight human genomes". Nature. 453 (7191): 56–64. Bibcode:2008Natur.453...56K. doi:10.1038/nature06862. PMC 2424287. PMID 18451855.
Mullaney JM, Mills RE, Pittard WS, Devine SE (October 2010). "Small insertions and deletions (INDELs) in human genomes". Human Molecular Genetics. 19 (R2): R131–6. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddq400. PMC 2953750. PMID 20858594.
Auton A, Brooks LD, Durbin RM, Garrison EP, Kang HM, Korbel JO, et al. (October 2015). "A global reference for human genetic variation". Nature. 526 (7571): 68–74. doi:10.1038/nature15393. PMC 4750478. PMID 26432245.
Bamshad MJ, Wooding S, Watkins WS, Ostler CT, Batzer MA, Jorde LB (March 2003). "Human population genetic structure and inference of group membership". American Journal of Human Genetics. 72 (3): 578–89. doi:10.1086/368061. PMC 1180234. PMID 12557124.
Grubert F, Zaugg JB, Kasowski M, Ursu O, Spacek DV, Martin AR, et al. (August 2015). "Genetic Control of Chromatin States in Humans Involves Local and Distal Chromosomal Interactions". Cell. 162 (5): 1051–65. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.07.048. PMC 4556133. PMID 26300125.
Cenik C, Cenik ES, Byeon GW, Grubert F, Candille SI, Spacek D, et al. (November 2015). "Integrative analysis of RNA, translation, and protein levels reveals distinct regulatory variation across humans". Genome Research. 25 (11): 1610–21. doi:10.1101/gr.193342.115. PMC 4617958. PMID 26297486.
Wu L, Candille SI, Choi Y, Xie D, Jiang L, Li-Pook-Than J, Tang H, Snyder M (July 2013). "Variation and genetic control of protein abundance in humans". Nature. 499 (7456): 79–82. Bibcode:2013Natur.499...79W. doi:10.1038/nature12223. PMC 3789121. PMID 23676674.
Spielman RS, Bastone LA, Burdick JT, Morley M, Ewens WJ, Cheung VG (February 2007). "Common genetic variants account for differences in gene expression among ethnic groups". Nature Genetics. 39 (2): 226–31. doi:10.1038/ng1955. PMC 3005333. PMID 17206142.
Rosenberg NA, Mahajan S, Gonzalez-Quevedo C, Blum MG, Nino-Rosales L, Ninis V, et al. (December 2006). "Low levels of genetic divergence across geographically and linguistically diverse populations from India". PLoS Genetics. 2 (12): e215. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.0020215. PMC 1713257. PMID 17194221.
Bryc K, Auton A, Nelson MR, Oksenberg JR, Hauser SL, Williams S, et al. (January 2010). "Genome-wide patterns of population structure and admixture in West Africans and African Americans". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 107 (2): 786–91. Bibcode:2010PNAS..107..786B. doi:10.1073/pnas.0909559107. PMC 2818934. PMID 20080753.

ncbiinsights.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

NCBI (2017-05-08). "dbSNP's human build 150 has doubled the amount of RefSNP records!". NCBI Insights. Retrieved 2017-05-16.

pbs.org

"Does Race Exist?". NOVA. PBS. 15 February 2000. Retrieved 2011-09-05.

sciencedaily.com

"We are all mutants: First direct whole-genome measure of human mutation predicts 60 new mutations in each of us". Science Daily. 13 June 2011. Retrieved 2011-09-05.
"New Research Proves Single Origin Of Humans In Africa". Science Daily. 19 July 2007. Retrieved 2011-09-05.

scientificamerican.com

"Ethnic Differences Traced to Variable Gene Expression". Scientific American. 9 January 2007. Retrieved 2011-09-05.

ssrc.org

raceandgenomics.ssrc.org

Graves, Joseph L. (2006). "What We Know and What We Don't Know: Human Genetic Variation and the Social Construction of Race". Is Race "Real"?. Social Science Research Council. Archived from the original on 3 June 2019. Retrieved 2011-01-22.

the-scientist.com

classic.the-scientist.com

"Ethnicity tied to gene expression". The Scientist. 9 January 2007. Archived from the original on 8 May 2015. Retrieved 2011-09-05.

web.archive.org

"Variable gene expression seen in different ethnic groups". BioNews.org. 15 January 2007. Archived from the original on 26 March 2016. Retrieved 2011-09-05.
Graves, Joseph L. (2006). "What We Know and What We Don't Know: Human Genetic Variation and the Social Construction of Race". Is Race "Real"?. Social Science Research Council. Archived from the original on 3 June 2019. Retrieved 2011-01-22.