جنگ‌های صلیبی (Persian Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "جنگ‌های صلیبی" in Persian language version.

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amazon.com

Joseph R. Strayer, "The Crusades of Louis IX," in R. L. Wolff and H. W. Hazard, eds. , The later Crusades, ۱۱۸۹–۱۳۱۱ (۱۹۶۹) pp. 487-521 online edition; Peter Jackson, The Seventh Crusade, ۱۲۴۴–۱۲۵۴ (۲۰۰۷)excerpt and text search

books.google.com

Tyerman 2019, p. 1. Tyerman, Christopher (2019). The World of the Crusades. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-21739-1.
Asbridge 2012, p. 40. Asbridge, Thomas (2012). The Crusades: The War for the Holy Land. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-1-84983-688-3.
Tyerman 2011, pp. 225–226. Tyerman, Christopher (2011). The Debate on the Crusades, 1099–2010. Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-0-7190-7320-5.
Tyerman 2019, p. 5. Tyerman, Christopher (2019). The World of the Crusades. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-21739-1.
Tyerman 2011, p. 77. Tyerman, Christopher (2011). The Debate on the Crusades, 1099–2010. Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-0-7190-7320-5.
Tyerman 2019, p. 105. Tyerman, Christopher (2019). The World of the Crusades. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-21739-1.
Runciman 1952, pp. 232–234, 277. Runciman, Steven (1952). A History of the Crusades, Volume Two: The Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Frankish East, 1100–1187. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-34771-6.

britannica.com

«Battle of Manzikert | Summary». Encyclopedia Britannica. دریافت‌شده در ۲۰۲۰-۰۶-۰۲.
«Encyclopaedia Britannica». ص. The weakened Byzantine Empire called on fellow Christians in Western Europe to come to their aid, an appeal that led eventually to the mounting of the First Crusade.
Crusades of the 13th century. Britannica Onlince Encyclopedia.

fordham.edu

Halsall, Paul (1997). "Philip de Novare: Les Gestes des Ciprois, The Crusade of Frederick II, ۱۲۲۸–۲۹". Medieval Sourcebook. Fordham University. Archived from the original on 26 May 2009. Retrieved 2008-02-08.— "Gregory IX had in fact excommunicated Frederick before he left Sicily the second time"
Fulcher of Chartres بایگانی‌شده در ۱ دسامبر ۱۹۹۸ توسط Wayback Machine, Medieval Sourcebook.

historynet.com

"Third Crusade: Siege of Acre". Historynet.com. Archived from the original on 12 March 2008. Retrieved 2010-04-18.

jstor.org

Dana Carleton Munro, "The Speech of Pope Urban II at Clermont, 1095," The American Historical Review, Vol. 11, No. 2 (Jan. , 1906), pp. 231-242 in JSTOR
P. M. Holt, "Saladin and His Admirers: A Biographical Reassessment," Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 46, No. ۲ (۱۹۸۳), pp. 235-239 in JSTOR
Charles M. Brand, "The Byzantines and Saladin, 1185-1192: Opponents of the Third Crusade," Speculum, Vol. 37, No. 2 (Apr. , 1962), pp. 167-181 in JSTOR
Dana C. Munro, "The Children's Crusade," The American Historical Review, Vol. 19, No. 3 (Apr. , 1914), pp. 516-524 in JSTOR; and Norman P. Zacour, "The Children's Crusade," in R. L. Wolff, and H. W. Hazard, eds. , The later Crusades, ۱۱۸۹–۱۳۱۱ (۱۹۶۹) pp. 325-342, esp. 330-37 online edition

mfa.gov.il

HISTORY: Foreign Domination

newadvent.org

Crusades in The New Catholic Encyclopedia, New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1966, Vol. IV, p. ۵۰۸.[۱]
See Catholic Encyclopedia

oxfordislamicstudies.com

Trumpbour, John. “Crusades. ” In The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World. , edited by John L. Esposito. Oxford Islamic Studies Online, http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article (accessed February 17, 2008).
“Crusades” In The Islamic World: past and Present. , edited by John L. Esposito. Oxford Islamic Studies Online, http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article (accessed February 17, 2008).

pbs.org

Shaye I.D. Cohen. "Legitimization Under Constantine". PBS. Retrieved 2007-08-11.

time.com

«Massacre of the Pure بایگانی‌شده در ۱۷ سپتامبر ۲۰۱۱ توسط Wayback Machine». Time. 28 April 1961.

uchicago.edu

penelope.uchicago.edu

Hetoum II (۱۲۸۹‑۱۲۹۷)

web.archive.org

Halsall, Paul (1997). "Philip de Novare: Les Gestes des Ciprois, The Crusade of Frederick II, ۱۲۲۸–۲۹". Medieval Sourcebook. Fordham University. Archived from the original on 26 May 2009. Retrieved 2008-02-08.— "Gregory IX had in fact excommunicated Frederick before he left Sicily the second time"
Fulcher of Chartres بایگانی‌شده در ۱ دسامبر ۱۹۹۸ توسط Wayback Machine, Medieval Sourcebook.
«Massacre of the Pure بایگانی‌شده در ۱۷ سپتامبر ۲۰۱۱ توسط Wayback Machine». Time. 28 April 1961.
"Third Crusade: Siege of Acre". Historynet.com. Archived from the original on 12 March 2008. Retrieved 2010-04-18.

wisc.edu

digicoll.library.wisc.edu

Dana C. Munro, "The Children's Crusade," The American Historical Review, Vol. 19, No. 3 (Apr. , 1914), pp. 516-524 in JSTOR; and Norman P. Zacour, "The Children's Crusade," in R. L. Wolff, and H. W. Hazard, eds. , The later Crusades, ۱۱۸۹–۱۳۱۱ (۱۹۶۹) pp. 325-342, esp. 330-37 online edition
Joseph R. Strayer, "The Crusades of Louis IX," in R. L. Wolff and H. W. Hazard, eds. , The later Crusades, ۱۱۸۹–۱۳۱۱ (۱۹۶۹) pp. 487-521 online edition; Peter Jackson, The Seventh Crusade, ۱۲۴۴–۱۲۵۴ (۲۰۰۷)excerpt and text search
Joseph R. Strayer, "The Crusades of Louis IX," in R. L. Wolff and H. W. Hazard, eds. , The later Crusades, ۱۱۸۹–۱۳۱۱ (۱۹۶۹) pp. 487-521 online edition